Effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation against poststroke urinary incontinence: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background And Purpose: Poststroke urinary incontinence (PSI) is prevalent in stroke survivors, and high-quality evidence is required to guide clinical practice. Previous studies have demonstrated the curative effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for urinary incontinence in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD), and spinal cord injury (SCI). Here, we describe the protocol for a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-frequency rTMS on the contralesional primary motor cortex (M1) for the treatment of PSI.