Path analysis for affecting the physical fitness of marine majors: A cross-sectional observational study from the perspective of health.

The physical fitness of marine major students is critically linked to their academic performance and future career prospects. To investigate the influence of various environmental factors on the physical fitness of maritime majors and to identify potential strategies for improving physical fitness among this population. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among maritime students.

Composting reduces the risks of resistome in beef cattle manure at the transcriptional level.

Transcriptomic evidence is needed to determine whether composting is more effective than conventional stockpiling in mitigating the risk of resistome in livestock manure. The objective of this study is to compare composting and stockpiling for their effectiveness in reducing the risk of antibiotic resistance in beef cattle manure. Samples collected from the center and the surface of full-size manure stockpiling and composting piles were subject to metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses.

Aerobic nitrous oxide emission in anoxic/aerobic and intermittent aeration sequencing batch reactors.

This study characterized nitrogen removal and nitrous oxide (NO) emissions from lab-scale anoxic/aerobic sequencing batch reactor (AOSBR) and intermittent aeration sequencing batch reactor (IASBR), respectively, for treating synthetic municipal wastewater. The NO emission was evaluated in a simulated cycle, and batch conditions of aerobic nitrification, simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND), and aerobic denitrification. The results show that nitrogen removal was enhanced in IASBR compared to AOSBR, with 94.

Quorum sensing responses of r-/K-strategists Nitrospira in continuous flow and sequencing batch nitrifying biofilm reactors.

A better understanding of r-/K-strategists nitrifiers will help to balance the design and operation of bioprocesses for efficient pollution removal from wastewater. The objectives of study were to investigate the nitrite oxidation biokinetics, biofilm property, microbial community and quorum sensing (QS) of nitrifying biofilm in a continuously flow reactor (CFR) and a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Results showed that nitrite-oxidizing bacteria were estimated to have a nitrite half saturation constant of 76.

Fate of antibiotic resistance genes and class 1 integrons during sludge treatment using pilot-scale anaerobic digestion with thermal hydrolysis pretreatment.

This work evaluated the fate of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and class 1 integron gene in sewage sludge before and after pilot-scale thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP) and subsequent mesophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) treatment. Variables investigated include THP temperatures, feedstock types, and AD solids retention times. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to quantify the ARGs in feedstocks, THP and AD effluent.

Effects of Nutrient Level and Growth Rate on the Conjugation Process That Transfers Mobile Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Continuous Cultures.

Bacteria in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) can transfer antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) to the bacteria in receiving water through conjugation; however, there is a lack of quantitative assessment of this phenomenon in continuous cultures. Our objective was to determine the effects of background nutrient levels in river water column and growth rates of bacteria on the conjugation frequency of ARGs from effluent bacteria to river bacteria, as well as on the resulting resistance level (i.e.

Pivotal role of municipal wastewater resource recovery facilities in urban agriculture: A review.

Urban agriculture provides a promising, comprehensive solution to water, energy, and food scarcity challenges resulting from the population growth, urbanization, and the accelerating effects of anthropogenic climate change. Their close access to consumers, profitable business models, and important roles in educational, social, and physical entertainment benefit both developing and developed nations. In this sense, Urban Water Resource Reclamation Facilities (WRRFs) can play a pivotal role in the sustainable implementation of urban agriculture.

The r/K selection theory and its application in biological wastewater treatment processes.

Understanding the characteristics of functional organisms is the key to managing and updating biological processes for wastewater treatment. This review, for the first time, systematically characterized two typical types of strategists in wastewater treatment ecosystems via the r/K selection theory and provided novel strategies for selectively enriching microbial community. Functional organisms involved in nitrification (e.

Impacts of aluminum- and iron-based coagulants on municipal sludge anaerobic digestibility, dewaterability, and odor emission.

Although aluminum- and iron-based chemicals have been broadly used as the two most common types of coagulants for wastewater treatment, their impacts on the performance of downstream sludge management can be quite different and have not been well understood. This work reviewed and analyzed their similarities and differences in the context of the anaerobic digestion performance, dewaterability of digested sludge, and odor emission from dewatered biosolids. In short, iron-based coagulants tend to show less negative impact than aluminum-based coagulants.

Transmission Routes of the Microbiome and Resistome from Manure to Soil and Lettuce.

The land application of animal manure can introduce manure microbiome and resistome to croplands where food crops are grown. The objective of this study was to characterize the microbiome and resistome on and in the leaves of lettuce grown in manured soil and identify the main transmission routes of microbes and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from soil to the episphere and endosphere of lettuce. Shotgun metagenomic results show that manure application significantly altered the composition of the microbiome and resistome of surface soil.

Predicting antibiotic resistance gene abundance in activated sludge using shotgun metagenomics and machine learning.

While the microbiome of activated sludge (AS) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) plays a vital role in shaping the resistome, identifying the potential bacterial hosts of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in WWTPs remains challenging. The objective of this study is to explore the feasibility of using a machine learning approach, random forests (RF's), to identify the strength of associations between ARGs and bacterial taxa in metagenomic datasets from the activated sludge of WWTPs. Our results show that the abundance of select ARGs can be predicted by RF's using abundant genera (Candidatus Accumulibacter, Dechloromonas, Pesudomonas, and Thauera, etc.

Potential microbial functions and quorum sensing systems in partial nitritation and anammox processes.

Diverse microbial communities coexist in the partial nitritation-anaerobic ammonium oxidation (PNA) process, in which nitrogen metabolism and information exchange are two important microbial interactions. In the PNA process, the existence of diverse microorganisms including nitrifiers, anammox bacteria, and heterotrophs makes it challenging to achieve a balanced relationship between anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria and ammonia oxidizing bacteria. In this study, potential microbial functions in nitrogen conversion and acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs)-based quorum sensing (QS) in PNA processes were examined.

Different moxibustion therapies for urinary retention after anorectal surgery: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Postoperative urinary retention is a disease that seriously affects human daily work and life, and greatly reduces people's quality of life and affects human health all over the world. Now, many studies have shown that moxibustion has a significant effect on postoperative urinary retention. In this study, network meta-analysis was used to analyze and compare the clinical efficacy and difference of different moxibustion treatments on postoperative urinary retention.

Operational pattern affects nitritation, microbial community and quorum sensing in nitrifying wastewater treatment systems.

Achievement of nitrite accumulation is critical for the application of advanced nitrogen removal processes. Two lab-scale sequencing batch biofilm reactors (SBBRs) and two sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were operated under intermittent aeration with different feeding patterns. The nitrite accumulation ratio was 56.

Autotrophic nitrogen removal in combined nitritation and Anammox systems through intermittent aeration and possible microbial interactions by quorum sensing analysis.

Nitrogen removal and microbial interactions in two combined nitritation and Anammox systems with or without the addition of organics were examined. Two systems were successfully started up by adopting intermittent aeration. Organics addition deteriorated nitrogen removal, and total inorganic nitrogen and ammonium removal percentages decreased by 16.

Determination of quorum-sensing signal substances in water and solid phases of activated sludge systems using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

The detection of acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) in activated sludge is essential for clarifying their function in wastewater treatment processes. An LC-MS/MS method was developed for the detection of AHLs in both the aqueous and solid phases of activated sludge. In addition, the effects of proteases and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on the detection of AHLs were evaluated by adding protease inhibitors and extracting EPS, respectively.

Potential roles of acyl homoserine lactone based quorum sensing in sequencing batch nitrifying biofilm reactors with or without the addition of organic carbon.

Two lab-scale nitrifying sequencing batch biofilm reactors, with (SBBR_CN) or without the addition of organics (SBBR_N), were operated to investigate potential roles of acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) based quorum sensing. AHLs of N-[(RS)-3-Hydroxybutyryl]-L-homoserine lactone, N-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C-HSL) and N-octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C-HSL) were detected in both reactors. C-HSL and C-HSL were also detected in batch experiments, especially with stimulated nitrite oxidizing bacteria activities.

Effect of anoxic to aerobic duration ratios on nitrogen removal and nitrous oxide emission in the multiple anoxic/aerobic process.

Characteristics of nitrogen removal and nitrous oxide (NO) emission in the multiple anoxic/aerobic (AO) process were examined in three sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) with different anoxic durations (50 min, SBR; 40 min, SBR; 30 min, SBR) and a fixed aerobic duration of 30 min. The highest total inorganic nitrogen removal percentage of 85.8% was obtained in SBR, while a minimum NO emission factor of 1.

Nitrogen removal and nitrous oxide emission from a step-feeding multiple anoxic and aerobic process.

The multiple anoxic and aerobic (AO) process is an advanced biological nitrogen-removal process, and nitrous oxide (NO) emission might affect its sustainable application. Nitrogen removal and NO emission in a step-feeding multiple AO sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was examined, in comparison with a one-feeding sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Nitrogen removal was enhanced by 12.

[HBx silencing by shRNA down-regulates MMP-2 expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell HepG2.2.15].

Objective: To observe the effects of HBx shRNA on MMP-2 expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell HepG2.2.15.