Lipids and Statin Medication With Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Recent insights suggest that lipids and statin medication play a role in the development of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), yet the exact role remains controversial. This research applied Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess whether lipids and statin medication are associated with an increased risk of SNHL.

Methods: A two-sample MR was used in this study.

BDNF-enriched small extracellular vesicles protect against noise-induced hearing loss in mice.

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the most prevalent acquired sensorineural hearing loss etiologies and is characterized by the loss of cochlear hair cells, synapses, and nerve terminals. Currently, there are no agents available for the treatment of NIHL because drug delivery to the inner ear is greatly limited by the blood-labyrinth barrier. In this study, we used mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (MSC-sEVs) as nanoscale vehicles to deliver brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and evaluated their protective effects in a mouse model of NIHL.

Risk factors of major bleeding detected by machine learning method in patients undergoing liver resection with controlled low central venous pressure technique.

Background: Controlled low central venous pressure (CLCVP) technique has been extensively validated in clinical practices to decrease intraoperative bleeding during liver resection process; however, no studies to date have attempted to propose a scoring method to better understand what risk factors might still be responsible for bleeding when CLCVP technique was implemented.

Methods: We aimed to use machine learning to develop a model for detecting the risk factors of major bleeding in patients who underwent liver resection using CLCVP technique. We reviewed the medical records of 1077 patients who underwent liver surgery between January 2017 and June 2020.

Sevoflurane-induced hypotension causes cognitive dysfunction and hippocampal inflammation in mice.

Sevoflurane commonly adopted for anesthetic in clinical practice, however, its influences on cerebral blood flow and cognitive function remain controversial. Herein, the sevoflurane-induced hypotension on arterial blood pressure, cerebral blood flow, cognitive function, and hippocampal inflammation was investigated in mice. A significant decrease in arterial blood pressure and cerebral blood flow was indicated by the sevoflurane anesthesia treatment.

Far infrared light irradiation enhances Aβ clearance via increased exocytotic microglial ATP and ameliorates cognitive deficit in Alzheimer's disease-like mice.

Background: Exposure to sunlight may decrease the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), and visible and near infrared light have been proposed as a possible therapeutic strategy for AD. Here, we investigated the effects of the visible, near infrared and far infrared (FIR) light on the cognitive ability of AD mice, and found that FIR light also showed potential in the improvement of cognitive dysfunction in AD. However, the related mechanism remains to be elucidated.

Transcranial Photobiomodulation Therapy Ameliorates Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorder Through Modulation of Mitochondrial Function in Aged Mice.

Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a serious nervous system complication characterized by progressive cognitive impairment, especially in geriatric population. However, the neuropathogenesis of PND is complex, and there are no approved disease-modifying therapeutic options. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been demonstrated to contribute to the occurrence and development of PND.