Correction: A bottlebrush-architectured dextran polyprodrug as an acidity-responsive vector for enhanced chemotherapy efficiency.

Correction for 'A bottlebrush-architectured dextran polyprodrug as an acidity-responsive vector for enhanced chemotherapy efficiency' by Tian Zhang, , , 2020, , 473-484, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9BM01692A.

Nanoparticle-mediated synergistic disruption of tumor innervation and redox homeostasis for potent antineoplastic therapy.

Innervation is closely linked to several biological processes that promote tumor growth, making it an increasingly promising therapeutic target. In this study, biomimetic hollow MnO nanocarriers camouflaged with tumor cell membranes (HMLC) are developed to encapsulate lidocaine, an innervation inhibitor, for effective antineoplastic therapy. This approach aims to suppress nerve fiber growth and induce intracellular redox imbalance.

Neighboring Effect-Initiated Supramolecular Nanocomplex with Sequential Infiltration as Irreversible Apoptosis Inducer for Synergetic Chemo-Immunotherapy.

Chemotherapy-based combination regimens are recommended as first-line treatment for colorectal cancer. However, multidrug resistance (MDR) and limited drug infiltration in tumor microenvironment remain critical challenges. Herein, a pH/redox dual activated supramolecular DAS@CD-OxPt (IV) nanoparticles (NPs) via host-guest molecular recognition to achieve relay drugs delivery of active oxaliplatin (OxPt (IV)) and Src inhibitor dasatinib (DAS) between tumor cells is developed.

Gold Nanodots-Anchored Cobalt Ferrite Nanoflowers as Versatile Tumor Microenvironment Modulators for Reinforced Redox Dyshomeostasis.

Given that tumor microenvironment (TME) exerts adverse impact on the therapeutic response and clinical outcome, robust TME modulators may significantly improve the curative effect and increase survival benefits of cancer patients. Here, Au nanodots-anchored CoFeO nanoflowers with PEGylation (CFAP) are developed to respond to TME cues, aiming to exacerbate redox dyshomeostasis for efficacious antineoplastic therapy under ultrasound (US) irradiation. After uptake by tumor cells, CFAP with glucose oxidase (GOx)-like activity can facilitate glucose depletion and promote the production of HO.

Spiderweb-Shaped Iron-Coordinated Polymeric Network as the Novel Coating on Microneedles for Transdermal Drug Delivery Against Infectious Wounds.

Coated microneedles (CMNs) are a minimally invasive platform for immediate-release transdermal drug delivery. However, the practical applications of CMNs have been significantly hindered by the challenges associated with complex formulations, single function, and limited drug loading capacity. This study has developed a spiderweb-shaped iron-coordinated polymeric nanowire network (Fe-IDA NWs).

Anti-ROS and NIR-II-Responsive Hyaluronic Acid Microneedle Loaded With Baicalin Nanoparticles for Treatment of Psoriasis.

In this work, a natural medicine, baicalin, is designed for the treatment of psoriasis with the aid of hyaluronic acid (HA)-based MNs patches. This is also to improve the solubility of baicalin and increase its residence time in infected part, which is made into nanoparticles by complexation with humic acid and Eu. The baicalin nanoparticles loaded-MNs exhibit satisfactory rigidity, minimum injury, and controlled drug delivery.

Bimetallic PtPd Atomic Clusters as Apoptosis/Ferroptosis Inducers for Antineoplastic Therapy through Heterogeneous Catalytic Processes.

Active polymetallic atomic clusters can initiate heterogeneous catalytic reactions in the tumor microenvironment, and the products tend to cause manifold damage to cell metabolic functions. Herein, bimetallic PtPd atomic clusters (BAC) are constructed by the stripping of Pt and Pd nanoparticles on nitrogen-doped carbon and follow-up surface PEGylation, aiming at efficacious antineoplastic therapy through heterogeneous catalytic processes. After endocytosed by tumor cells, BAC with catalase-mimic activity can facilitate the decomposition of endogenous HO into O.

Nitrogen vacancy-rich carbon nitride anchored with iron atoms for efficient redox dyshomeostasis under ultrasound actuation.

Traditional Fe-based Fenton reaction for inducing oxidative stress is restricted by random charge transfer without oriental delivery, and the resultant generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is always too simplistic to realize a satisfactory therapeutic outcome. Herein, FeN/CN nanosheets rich in nitrogen vacancies are developed for high-performance redox dyshomeostasis therapy after surface conjugation with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD). Surface defects in FeN/CN serve as electron traps to drive the directional transfer of the excited electrons to Fe atom sites under ultrasound (US) actuation, and the highly elevated electron density promote the catalytic conversion of HO into ·OH.

Vacancy-Rich Bismuth-Based Nanosheets for Mitochondrial Destruction via CO Poisoning, Ca Dyshomeostasis, and Oxidative Damage.

Mitochondria are core regulators of tumor cell homeostasis, and their damage has become an arresting therapeutic modality against cancer. Despite the development of many mitochondrial-targeted pharmaceutical agents, the exploration of more powerful and multifunctional medications is still underway. Herein, oxygen vacancy-rich BiO wrapped with CaCO (named BiO@CaCO/PEG, BCP) is developed for full-fledged attack on mitochondrial function.

Calcium carbonate-actuated ion homeostasis perturbator for oxidative damage-augmented Ca/Mg interference therapy.

Ion homeostasis distortion through exogenous overload or underload of intracellular ion species has become an arresting therapeutic approach against malignant tumor. Nevertheless, treatment outcomes of such ion interference are always compromised by the intrinsic ion homeostasis maintenance systems in cancer cells. Herein, an ion homeostasis perturbator (CTC) is facilely designed by co-encapsulation of carvacrol (CAR) and meso-tetra-(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine (TCPP) into pH-sensitive nano-CaCO, aiming to disrupt the self-defense mechanism during the process of ion imbalance.

Manganese-Based Redox Homeostasis Disruptor for Inducing Intense Ferroptosis/Apoptosis Through xCT Inhibition And Oxidative Stress Injury.

Intracellular redox homeostasis plays an important role in promoting tumor progression, development and even treatment resistance. To this end, redox balance impairment may become a prospective therapeutic target of cancer. Herein, a manganese-based homeostasis modulator (MHS) is developed for inducing severe reactive oxygen species accumulation and glutathione (GSH) deprivation, where such redox dyshomeostasis brings about dramatic ferroptosis/apoptosis.

PEG-functionalized black phosphorus quantum dots as stable and biocompatible electrochemiluminescence luminophores for sensitive detection of tumor biomarker.

Despite black phosphorous (BP) QDs possess the merits of size-tunable band-gap, high electron mobility, and intrinsic defects, the spontaneous agglomeration and rapid oxidation of BP QDs in aqueous solution caused low electrochemiluminescence (ECL) efficiency and unstable ECL signal, which confined its further application of biological analysis. Herein, polyethylene glycol-functionalized BP QDs (PEG@BP QDs) were prepared showing an efficient and stable ECL response, which is attributed to the fact that PEG as protectant not only effectively prevented the spontaneous agglomeration, but also restrained the rapid oxidation of BP QDs in aqueous solution. As proof-of-concept, PEG@BP QDs were used as an efficient ECL emitter to combine with palindrome amplification-induced DNA walker to construct a sensitive ECL aptasensing platform for detecting cancer marker mucin 1 (MUC1).

Dual-stimulus phototherapeutic nanogel for triggering pyroptosis to promote cancer immunotherapy.

Pyroptosis is a highly inflammatory programmed cell death that activates inflammatory response, reverses immunosuppression and promotes systemic immune response for solid tumors treatment. However, the uncontrollable and imprecise process of pyroptosis stimulation leads to a scanty therapeutic effect. Here, we report a GSH/ROS dual response nanogel system (IMs) that can actively target the overexpressed mannose receptor (MR) of cancer cells, serve ultra-stable photothermal capacity of indocyanine green (ICG), induce cell pyroptosis and achieve enhanced tumor immune response.

Enzyme-Activatable Polypeptide for Plasma Membrane Disruption and Antitumor Immunity Elicitation.

Enzyme-instructed self-assembly of bioactive molecules into nanobundles inside cells is conceived to potentially disrupt plasma membrane and subcellular structure. Herein, an alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-activatable hybrid of ICG-CF KY is facilely synthesized by conjugating photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) with CF KY peptide via classical Michael addition reaction. ALP-induced dephosphorylation of ICG-CF KY enables its transformation from small-molecule precursor into rigid nanofibrils, and such fibrillation in situ causes severe mechanical disruption of cytomembrane.

Ultrasound-Activatable g-C N -Anchored Titania Heterojunction as an Intracellular Redox Homeostasis Perturbator for Augmented Oncotherapy.

Energy band structure of inorganic nano-sonosensitizers is usually optimized by surface decoration with noble metals or metal oxide semiconductors, aiming to enhance interfacial charge transfer, augment spin-flip and promote radical generation. To avoid potential biohazards of metallic elements, herein, metal-free graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (g-C N QDs) are anchored onto hollow mesoporous TiO nanostructure to formulate TiO @g-C N heterojunction. The direct Z-scheme charge transfer significantly improves the separation/recombination dynamics of electron/hole (e /h ) pairs upon ultrasound (US) stimulation, which promotes the yield of singlet oxygen ( O ) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH).

A robust Au@CuS nanoreactor assembled by silk fibroin for enhanced intratumoral glucose depletion and redox dyshomeostasis.

Intracellular redox dyshomeostasis promoted by tumor microenvironment (TME) modulation has become an appealing therapeutic target for cancer management. Herein, a dual plasmonic Au/SF@CuS nanoreactor (abbreviation as ASC) is elaborately developed by covalent immobilization of sulfur defective CuS nanodots onto the surface of silk fibroin (SF)-capped Au nanoparticles. Tumor hypoxia can be effectively alleviated by ASC-mediated local oxygenation, owing to the newfound catalase-mimic activity of CuS.

Reduction-triggered polycyclodextrin supramolecular nanocage induces immunogenic cell death for improved chemotherapy.

Polycyclodextrin-based supramolecular nanoplatform crosslinked by stimuli-responsive moiety shows great promise in cancer therapy owing to its superior bio-stability and feasible modification of architectures. Here, the endogenous glutathione (GSH)-responsive polycyclodextrin supramolecular nanocages (PDOP NCs) are constructed by covalent crosslinking of multiple β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) molecules. The polycyclodextrin provide sites for conjugation of chemotherapeutic doxorubicin (DOX).

Immunomodulatory-Photodynamic Nanostimulators for Invoking Pyroptosis to Augment Tumor Immunotherapy.

Cancer immunotherapy is restricted to immune resistance caused by immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Pyroptosis involved in antitumor immunotherapy as a new schedule is prospective to reverse immunosuppression. Herein, acidic tumor microenvironment (TME)-evoked MRC nanoparticles (MRC NPs) co-delivering immune agonist RGX-104 and photosensitizer chlorine e6 (Ce6) are reported for pyroptosis-mediated immunotherapy.

Zirconia-Platinum Nanohybrids for Ultrasound-Activated Sonodynamic-Thermodynamic Bimodal Therapy by Inducing Intense Intracellular Oxidative Stress.

The therapeutic exploration of nano-zirconia semiconductor largely remains untouched in the field of fundamental science to date. Here, a robust nano-sonosensitizer of ZrO @Pt is strategically formulated by in situ growth of Pt nanocrystal onto the surface of oxygen-deficient ZrO . Compared to 3.

Platinum-Titania Schottky Junction as Nanosonosensitizer, Glucose Scavenger, and Tumor Microenvironment-Modulator for Promoted Cancer Treatment.

To date, the construction of heterogeneous interfaces between sonosensitizers and other semiconductors or noble metals has aroused increasing attention, owing to an enhanced interface charge transfer, augmented spin-flip, and attenuated activation energy of oxygen. Here, a smart therapeutic nanoplatform is constructed by surface immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) onto a TiO@Pt Schottky junction. The sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and starvation therapy (ST) mediated by TiO@Pt/GOx (TPG) promote systemic tumor suppression upon hypoxia alleviation in tumor microenvironment.

Stepwise Size Shrinkage Cascade-Activated Supramolecular Prodrug Boosts Antitumor Immunity by Eliciting Pyroptosis.

Effective pyroptosis induction is a promising approach to potentiate cancer immunotherapy. However, the actual efficacy of the present pyroptosis inducers can be weakened by successive biological barriers. Here, a cascaded pH-activated supramolecular nanoprodrug (PDNP) with a stepwise size shrinkage property is developed as a pyroptosis inducer to boost antitumor immune response.

The co-influence of hyaluronic acid and collagen on the development of an engineered annulus tissue model with bone marrow stromal cells.

Inveterbral disc degeneration is a significant musculoskeletal disease that brings huge burden of pain, disability, psychological and social consequences to the affected population worldwide with treatments that only alleviate the pain but does not address the underlying biological problems. For the past decades, tissue engineering of the disc has been investigated with annulus fibrosus (AF) been one of the complicated disc component to be engineered. With the limited source of annulus cells, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have been frequently investigated as a potental cell candidate to develop an AF-like tissue which often require a multi-disciplinary effort to achieve.

Emerging Biomaterials Imaging Antitumor Immune Response.

Immunotherapy is one of the most promising clinical modalities for the treatment of malignant tumors and has shown excellent therapeutic outcomes in clinical settings. However, it continues to face several challenges, including long treatment cycles, high costs, immune-related adverse events, and low response rates. Thus, it is critical to predict the response rate to immunotherapy by using imaging technology in the preoperative and intraoperative.

Bioengineered nanogels for cancer immunotherapy.

Recent years have witnessed increasingly rapid advances in nanocarrier-based biomedicine aimed at improving treatment paradigms for cancer. Nanogels serve as multipurpose and constructed vectors formed intramolecular cross-linking to generate drug delivery systems, which is attributed predominantly to their satisfactory biocompatibility, bio-responsiveness, high stability, and low toxicity. Recently, immunotherapy has experienced unprecedented growth and has become the preferred strategy for cancer treatment, and mainly involves the mobilisation of the immune system and an enhanced anti-tumour immunity of the tumour microenvironment.