Hybrid rice has achieved high grain yield and greatly contributes to food security, but the manual-labour-intensive hybrid seed production process limits fully mechanized hybrid rice breeding. For next-generation hybrid seed production, the use of small-grain male sterile lines to mechanically separate small hybrid seeds from mixed harvest is promising. However, it is difficult to find ideal grain-size genes for breeding ideal small-grain male sterile lines without penalties in the number of hybrid seeds and hybrid rice yield.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFis a traditional folk medicine in China used for eliminating stasis to subdue swelling. Several compounds from have been proved to show anti-inflammatory, haemostasis, hepatitis, and anti-proliferative effects. Tumor endothelial cells play crucial roles in tumor-induced angiogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSalt stress negatively affects rice growth, development and yield. Metabolic adjustments contribute to the adaptation of rice under salt stress. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are three essential amino acids that cannot be synthesized by humans or animals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSalinity is an important environmental factor influencing crop growth and yield. Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) catalyses the reversible conversion of oxaloacetate (OAA) to malate. While many MDHs have been identified in various plants, the biochemical function of MDH in rice remains uncharacterised, and its role in growth and salt stress response is largely unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground & Aims: The effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection can be more complex and severe in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as compared to other cancers. This is due to several factors, including pre-existing conditions such as viral hepatitis and cirrhosis, which are commonly associated with HCC.
Methods: We conducted an analysis of epigenomics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and HCC patients, and identified common pathogenic mechanisms using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and other analyses.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor harmful to human health. Ganji Fang (GJF) has good clinical efficacy in the treatment of HCC, but its mechanism is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of action of GJF in the treatment of HCC through network pharmacology, molecular docking and experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo further understand, detect and treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it is urgent to conduct more in-depth research on the mechanism of sex-associated differences. We established a ceRNA triple regulatory axis associated with in HCC and performed expression, survival and nuclear-cytoplasmic localization analyses. In addition to this, we performed methylation analysis and immune infiltration analysis of the ceRNA axis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGrain essential amino acid (EAA) levels contribute to rice nutritional quality. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying EAA accumulation and natural variation in rice grains remain unclear. Here we report the identification of a previously unrecognized auxin influx carrier subfamily gene, OsAUX5, which encodes an amino acid transporter that functions in uptake of multiple amino acids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Fufang Xianzhuli (FXZL) Ye, a classical formula of traditional Chinese medicine, is composed of Succus Bambusae, Houttuyniae herba, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Eriobotryae Folium, Platycodonis Radix, and peppermint oil. For many years, FXZL has been primarily utilised in China to treat cough and phlegm. The chemical composition of FXZL has not been reported, which seriously affects the safety of the clinical application.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have raised serious public health concerns because of their potential adverse effects in humans as revealed by toxicological and epidemiological research. However, routine monitoring of PFASs is still challenging due to their trace levels in various environmental and biological matrices. In this study, magnetic composite materials based on iron (II, III) oxide (FeO with surface functionalization by cucurbit(n)uril (CB(n)) (FeO@CB(n)) (n = 6, 7, 8), were prepared and evaluated as new adsorbents for the magnetic solid-phase extraction of nine PFASs in lake water, tap water and fish muscle samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHerein, a one-pot protocol for constructing the disubstituted isoquinolinone derivatives via the three-component reactions of 3-haloisoquinolines, alkyl halides, and indoles under transition-metal-free conditions is described. The reaction realized the trifunctionalization of isoquinoline via a dearomatization strategy, which displayed high chemical selectivity, excellent functional group tolerance, and a wide range of substrates, and is environmentally friendly. The three-component coupling involves the construction of new C-N, C═O, and C-C bonds in one step.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChanges in ambient temperature influence crop fertility and production. Understanding of how crops sense and respond to temperature is thus crucial for sustainable agriculture. The thermosensitive genic male-sterile (TGMS) lines are widely used for hybrid rice breeding and also provide a good system to investigate the mechanisms underlying temperature sensing and responses in crops.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSerotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) plays an important role in many developmental processes and biotic/abiotic stress responses in plants. Although serotonin biosynthetic pathways in plants have been uncovered, knowledge of the mechanisms of serotonin accumulation is still limited, and no regulators have been identified to date. Here, we identified the basic leucine zipper transcription factor OsbZIP18 as a positive regulator of serotonin biosynthesis in rice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood and human biological samples analysis are of great importance for human health. However, due to the complexity of sample matrices and low concentrations of target analytes, sample preparation is essentially critical for these samples through the whole analytical workflow. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of synthesized functional nanomaterial, have been well recognized as novel adsorbents to enhance the sensitivity of current analytical methods and greatly assist the determination of potentially harmful substances present in food and biological samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), a class of persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals, are widely used in consumer products due to their unique amphiphilic properties. Previous epidemiological studies suggest association of maternal PFASs exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes, while evidences about the association are inconsistent. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the relationship of maternal PFASs exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPanicle size and grain number are important agronomic traits and influence grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa), but the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying panicle size and grain number control remain largely unknown in crops. Here we report that LARGE2 encodes a HECT-domain E3 ubiquitin ligase OsUPL2 and regulates panicle size and grain number in rice. The loss of function large2 mutants produce large panicles with increased grain number, wide grains and leaves, and thick culms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent organic pollutants and widespread throughout the environment. Although exposure to PFASs may contribute to the development of allergic diseases in children, evidence about this association remains inconclusive.
Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between PFASs exposure and allergic diseases in children based on current evidence.
Two new iridoid glycosides, callicoside E () and callicoside F (), were isolated from the leaves of . Their structures were established by one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. In an bioassay, compounds and showed an pronounced hepatoprotective activity against d-galactosamine-induced toxicity in WB-F344 rat hepatic epithelial stem-like cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe SpAHA1 gene, encoding a plasma membrane (PM) H-ATPase (AHA) in Sesuvium portulacastrum, was transformed into Arabidopsis plants, and its expression increased salinity tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis plants: seed germination ratio, root growth, and biomass of transgenic plants were greater compared to wild-type plants under NaCl treatment condition. Upon salinity stress, both Na and H effluxes in the roots of SpAHA1 expressing plants were faster than those of untransformed plants. Transformed plants with SpAHA1 had lower Na and higher K contents relative to wild-type plants when treated with NaCl, resulting in greater K/Na ratio in transgenic plants than in wild-type plants under salt stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlatelet activation and subsequent accumulation at sites of vascular injury are central to thrombus formation, which is considered to be a trigger of several cardiovascular diseases. Callicarpa nudiflora (C. nudiflora) Hook is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb for promoting blood circulation by removing blood stasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoil salinity is a significant threat to sustainable agricultural production worldwide. Plants must adjust their developmental and physiological processes to cope with salt stress. Although the capacity for adaptation ultimately depends on the genome, the exceptional versatility in gene regulation provided by the spliceosome-mediated alternative splicing (AS) is essential in these adaptive processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Platelet activation and subsequent accumulation at sites of vascular injury perform a central role in thrombus formation, which is believed to be the trigger of several cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and strokes. In this sense, the search for agents that are capable of blocking platelets aggregation has important implications for these diseases. Callicarpa nudiflora (C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo new iridoid glycosides, callicoside C (1) and callicoside D (2), together with three known compounds (3-5), were isolated from the leaves of Callicarpa nudiflora. Their structures were established by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. In an in vitro bioassay, compound 1 showed pronounced hepatoprotective activity against d-galactosamine-induced toxicity in WB-F344 rat hepatic epithelial stem-like cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpotted-leaf mutants form spots in leaves or leaf sheaths under normal condition. The spotted-leaf phenotypes are similar to hypersensitive reaction of plants attacked by pathogen. Identification and characterization of the spotted-leaf mutants are helpful for understanding the mechanisms of resistance to plant diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWheat SOS1 (TaSOS1) activity could be relieved upon deletion of the C-terminal 168 residues (the auto-inhibitory domain). This truncated form of wheat SOS1 (TaSOS1-974) was shown to increase compensation (compared to wild-type TaSOS1) for the salt sensitivity of a yeast mutant strain, AXT3K, via increased Na transportation out of cells during salinity stress. Expression of the plasma membrane proteins TaSOS1-974 or TaSOS1 improved the growth of transgenic tobacco plants compared with wild-type plants under normal conditions.
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