The ameliorative mechanism of NJAU-01 against D-galactose induced oxidative stress: a hepatic proteomics and gut microbiota analysis.

Probiotic intervention is an effective strategy to alleviate oxidative stress-related diseases. Our previous studies found that NJAU-01 (NJAU-01) exhibited antioxidant effects in a D-galactose (D-gal)-induced aging mouse model. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be unveiled.

How well do neural signatures of resting-state EEG detect consciousness? A large-scale clinical study.

The assessment of consciousness states, especially distinguishing minimally conscious states (MCS) from unresponsive wakefulness states (UWS), constitutes a pivotal role in clinical therapies. Despite that numerous neural signatures of consciousness have been proposed, the effectiveness and reliability of such signatures for clinical consciousness assessment still remains an intense debate. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, inconsistent findings are observed about the effectiveness of diverse neural signatures.

Accelerated osteogenesis of bone graft by optimizing the bone microenvironment formed by electrical signals dependent on driving micro vibration stimulation.

The strategy of coupling the micro-vibration mechanical field with Ca/P ceramics to optimize the osteogenic microenvironment and enhance the functional activity of the cells can significantly improve the bone regeneration of the graft. However, the regulation mode and mechanism of this coupling strategy are not fully understood at present. This study investigated the influence of different waveforms of the electrical signals driving Microvibration Stimulation (MVS) on this coupling effect.

Neuromodulatory therapies for patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness.

Background: Reviving patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness (DOCs) has always been focused and challenging in medical research. Owing to the limited effectiveness of available medicine, recent research has increasingly turned towards neuromodulatory therapies, involving the stimulation of neural circuits. We summarised the progression of research regarding neuromodulatory therapies in the field of DOCs, compared the differences among different studies, in an attempt to explore optimal stimulation patterns and parameters, and analyzed the major limitations of the relevant studies to facilitate future research.

A multi-domain prognostic model of disorder of consciousness using resting-state fMRI and laboratory parameters.

Objectives: Although laboratory parameters have long been recognized as indicators of outcome of traumatic brain injury (TBI), it remains a challenge to predict the recovery of disorder of consciousness (DOC) in severe brain injury including TBI. Recent advances have shown an association between alterations in brain connectivity and recovery from DOC. In the present study, we developed a prognostic model of DOC recovery via a combination of laboratory parameters and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Impaired Frontoparietal Connectivity in Traumatic Individuals with Disorders of Consciousness: A Dynamic Brain Network Analysis.

Recent advances in neuroimaging have demonstrated that patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) may retain residual consciousness through activation of a complex functional brain network. However, an understanding of the hierarchy of residual consciousness and dynamic network connectivity in DOC patients is lacking. This study aimed to investigate residual consciousness and the dynamics of neural processing in DOC patients.

[Early stage mechanical adaptability and osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell under micro-vibration stimulation environment].

This study investigated the early mechanical adaptability and osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (M-BMSCs) under micro-vibration stimulation (MVS). M-BMSCs were stimulated by MVS , cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, and cytoskeleton were measured, and cell apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry. Early osteoblast-associated genes, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Collagen Ⅰ (Col-Ⅰ) and ALP, were observed by RT-PCR and the activation of extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) was determined by Western blotting.

Efficiency of Repetitive Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Disorders of Consciousness: A Randomized Sham-Controlled Study.

Conventional transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) could improve arousal in disorders of consciousness (DOC). However, the comparative effectiveness of anodal stimulation of the left DLPFC and the electrophysiological effect of tDCS are yet to be determined. In this randomized sham-controlled design, patients were separated into three groups (left/right anodal tDCS, sham).

Emotional consciousness preserved in patients with disorders of consciousness?

Increasing evidence from studies of brain responses to subject's own name (SON) indicates that residual consciousness is preserved in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) and that specific network activation might provide evidence of consciousness. However, it remains unclear whether SON is suitable for detection of emotional consciousness; moreover, the particular aspects of brain network organization that are critical for consciousness are unknown. The present study used an innovative approach to explore affective consciousness in patients with DOC during emotional stimuli.

A unique insight into the MiRNA profile during genital chlamydial infection.

Background: Genital C. trachomatis infection may cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) that can lead to tubal factor infertility (TFI). Understanding the pathogenesis of chlamydial complications including the pathophysiological processes within the female host genital tract is important in preventing adverse pathology.

In Situ Confined Growth Based on a Self-Templating Reduction Strategy of Highly Dispersed Ni Nanoparticles in Hierarchical Yolk-Shell Fe@SiO Structures as Efficient Catalysts.

Ni-based magnetic catalysts exhibit moderate activity, low cost, and magnetic reusability in hydrogenation reactions. However, Ni nanoparticles anchored on magnetic supports commonly suffer from undesirable agglomeration during catalytic reactions due to the relatively weak affinity of the magnetic support for the Ni nanoparticles. A hierarchical yolk-shell Fe@SiO /Ni catalyst, with an inner movable Fe core and an ultrathin SiO /Ni shell composed of nanosheets, was synthesized in a self-templating reduction strategy with a hierarchical yolk-shell Fe O @nickel silicate nanocomposite as the precursor.

UV-Triggered Self-Healing of a Single Robust SiO2 Microcapsule Based on Cationic Polymerization for Potential Application in Aerospace Coatings.

UV-triggered self-healing of single microcapsules has been a good candidate to enhance the life of polymer-based aerospace coatings because of its rapid healing process and healing chemistry based on an accurate stoichiometric ratio. However, free radical photoinitiators used in single microcapsules commonly suffer from possible deactivation due to the presence of oxygen in the space environment. Moreover, entrapment of polymeric microcapsules into coatings often involves elevated temperature or a strong solvent, probably leading to swelling or degradation of polymer shell, and ultimately the loss of active healing species into the host matrix.

Fabrication and characterization of multimaterial chalcogenide glass fiber tapers with high numerical apertures.

This paper reports on the fabrication and characterization of multimaterial chalcogenide fiber tapers that have high numerical apertures (NAs). We first fabricated multimaterial As(2)Se(3)-As(2)S(3) chalcogenide fiber preforms via a modified one-step coextrusion process. The preforms were drawn into multi- and single-mode fibers with high NAs (≈1.

Novel Ge-Ga-Te-CsBr glass system with ultrahigh resolvability of halide.

CO2 molecule, one of the main molecules to create new life, should be probed accurately to detect the existence of life in exoplanets. The primary signature of CO2 molecule is approximately 15 μm, and traditional S- and Se-based glass fibers are unsuitable. Thus, Te-based glass is the only ideal candidate glass for far-infrared detection.

Cloning, expression and characterization of glycerol dehydrogenase involved in 2,3-butanediol formation in Serratia marcescens H30.

The meso-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase (meso-BDH) from S. marcescens H30 is responsible for converting acetoin into 2,3-butanediol during sugar fermentation. Inactivation of the meso-BDH encoded by budC gene does not completely abolish 2,3-butanediol production, which suggests that another similar enzyme involved in 2,3-butanediol formation exists in S.

Higher-order computational model for coded aperture spectral imaging.

Coded aperture snapshot spectral imaging systems (CASSI) sense the three-dimensional spatio-spectral information of a scene using a single two-dimensional focal plane array snapshot. The compressive CASSI measurements are often modeled as the summation of coded and shifted versions of the spectral voxels of the underlying scene. This coarse approximation of the analog CASSI sensing phenomena is then compensated by calibration preprocessing prior to signal reconstruction.

Comprehensively surveying structure and function of RING domains from Drosophila melanogaster.

Using a complete set of RING domains from Drosophila melanogaster, all the solved RING domains and cocrystal structures of RING-containing ubiquitin-ligases (RING-E3) and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) pairs, we analyzed RING domains structures from their primary to quarternary structures. The results showed that: i) putative orthologs of RING domains between Drosophila melanogaster and the human largely occur (118/139, 84.9%); ii) of the 118 orthologous pairs from Drosophila melanogaster and the human, 117 pairs (117/118, 99.

Development of a digital-micromirror-device-based multishot snapshot spectral imaging system.

We report on the development of a digital-micromirror-device (DMD)-based multishot snapshot spectral imaging (DMD-SSI) system as an alternative to current piezostage-based multishot coded aperture snapshot spectral imager (CASSI) systems. In this system, a DMD is used to implement compressive sensing (CS) measurement patterns for reconstructing the spatial/spectral information of an imaging scene. Based on the CS measurement results, we demonstrated the concurrent reconstruction of 24 spectral images.

Experimental demonstration of an optical-sectioning compressive sensing microscope (CSM).

In this paper we present the design and implementation of a Compressive Sensing Microscopy (CSM) imaging system, which uses the Compressive Sensing (CS) method to realize optical-sectioning imaging. The theoretical aspect of the proposed system is investigated using the mathematical model of the CS method and an experimental prototype is constructed to verify the CSM design. Compared to conventional optical-sectioning microscopes (such as Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopes (LSCMs) or Programmable Array Microscopes (PAMs)), the CSM system realizes optical-sectioning imaging using a single-pixel photo detector and without any mechanical scanning process.