Burden, Trends, and Inequality of Dental Caries in the U.S., 1990-2019.

Introduction: Over the past 2 decades in the U.S., the reduced burden and narrowed inequality in oral health among children are in stark contrast with the high burden and widening inequality in adult oral health.

Artificial Intelligence Algorithm-Based Feature Extraction of Computed Tomography Images and Analysis of Benign and Malignant Pulmonary Nodules.

This study was aimed to explore the effect of CT image feature extraction of pulmonary nodules based on an artificial intelligence algorithm and the image performance of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules. In this study, the CT images of pulmonary nodules were collected as the research object, and the lung nodule feature extraction model based on expectation maximization (EM) was used to extract the image features. The Dice similarity coefficient, accuracy, benign and malignant nodule edges, internal signs, and adjacent structures were compared and analyzed to obtain the extraction effect of this feature extraction model and the image performance of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.

Stress Distribution and Fracture Resistance of repairing Cracked Tooth with Fiber-reinforced Composites and Onlay.

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of fibre-reinforced composites and onlay restorations on the fracture resistance of the cracked teeth. The experiments were grouped as follows: intact teeth, cracked teeth, crown; onlay; annular ribbond + onlay, laminated ribbond + onlay and fibre post + onlay; annular ribbond + crown, laminated ribbond + crown and fibre post + crown. The maximal Von Mises stress of dentin, the maximal Von Mises stress at the crack, the fracture resistance and fracture pattern under static loading were analysed by single-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-test by LSD.

Spinal 5-HT receptor contributes to somatic hyperalgesia induced by sub-chronic stress.

Stress facilitates pain perception and sensitizes pain pathways, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the activation of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) subtype-3 receptor in the spinal cord contributes to somatic hyperalgesia induced by repeated three-day forced swim in the estradiol replacement rats after ovariectomy. Somatic sensitivity was assessed by thermal withdrawal latency to radiant heat and mechanical withdrawal threshold to von Frey filaments.

Fracture resistance and stress distribution of repairing endodontically treated maxillary first premolars with severe non-carious cervical lesions.

This study was to compare the influence of glass fiber post placement and crown restoration on endodontically treated maxillary first premolars with severe NCCLs using three-dimensional finite element analysis and fracture resistance testing. G1, intact teeth. G2, teeth with artificial defect.

Fracture resistance of palatal cusps defective premolars restored with polyethylene fiber and composite resin.

The aim of the study was to compare the fracture resistance of the palatal cusps of defective and endodontically treated premolars after restoration with various restorative techniques. Fifty premolars were assigned to five groups. The first group comprised intact teeth as control (G1), while the other experimental groups (G2, G3, G4 and G5) comprised endodontically-treated teeth, whose palatal cusps were cut and reduced the buccal cusps by 2 mm.

Silencing P12CDK²AP¹ with a lentivirus promotes HaCaT cell proliferation.

The tumor suppressor P12CDK2AP1 negatively regulates cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) activities and suppresses DNA replication. Notably, P12CDK2AP1 is known to be downregulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Silencing of specific gene expression by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) using expression vectors and retroviruses has become a powerful tool for the genetic analysis of mammalian cells.

miR-21 downregulates the tumor suppressor P12 CDK2AP1 and stimulates cell proliferation and invasion.

The present study was undertaken to investigate the regulation of P12(CDK2AP1) by miRNAs. A conserved target site for miR-21 within the CDK2AP1-3'-UTR at nt 349-370 was predicted by bioinformatics software and an inverse correlation of miR-21 and CDK2AP1 protein was observed. Highly specific amplification and quantification of miR-21 was achieved using real-time RT-PCR.

Gene expression profile of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma associated with perineural invasion.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a common salivary gland malignancy characterized by slow but progressive clinical course, proclivity for hematogenous spread and perineural invasion (PNI) that exhibits inherent resistance to complete surgical resection, systemic chemotherapy and conventional radiotherapy. The molecular alterations that underlie its PNI are poorly characterized. We report the combined use of laser capture microdissection (LCM) and high-throughput cDNA microarray to monitor in vivo gene expression profile of salivary ACC and to correlate the profile with PNI.

Nerve growth factor and tyrosine kinase A in human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma: expression patterns and effects on in vitro invasive behavior.

Purpose: Perineural invasion is a frequent occurrence in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and may prevent complete surgical resection. Studies have indicated that nerve growth factor (NGF) and its high-affinity receptor tyrosine kinase A (TrkA) may play a role in perineural invasion in several malignancies in which perineural invasion is observed. The present study was conducted to investigate the expression of NGF and TrkA in salivary ACC and to examine the effects of NGF on adhesion, migration and invasion capacities of a salivary ACC cell line (SACC-83) in vitro.

[Clinical studies on apexification with demineralized dentin matrix].

Objective: To study the clinical effects of demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) as a apexificating agent.

Methods: Human teeth were crushed into fragments and were deflated, demineralized, lyophilized to produce DDM. The DDM was used as an apexificating agent to treat 57 teeth compared with calcium hydroxide.