Transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveal the mechanisms by which HS improves energy and nitrogen metabolism in tall fescue under low-light stress.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) functions as a signaling molecule affecting plant growth, development, and stress adaptation. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), a bioenergy crop, encounters significant challenges in agricultural production owing to low light by shading.

Exploring the association between regional fat distribution and atrial fibrillation risks: a comprehensive cohort study.

Background: The contribution of total fat mass and regional fat distribution to the risk of AF has rarely been studied.

Methods: This prospective cohort study(N=494,063) evaluated the association of total fat mass measured by fat percentage (FP) and regional fat measured by arm fat percentage (AFP), trunk fat percentage (TFP), and leg fat percentage (LFP) with incident AF. A subgroup (N = 25,581) underwent MRI, which allowed us to further assess whether visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (ASAT) of the trunk fat exert different effects on AF incidence.

Photosynthesis, Water Status and K/Na Homeostasis of Responding to Salinity.

Soil salinization is one of the most serious abiotic stresses restricting plant growth. Buffalograss is a C perennial turfgrass and forage with an excellent resistance to harsh environments. To clarify the adaptative mechanisms of buffalograss in response to salinity, we investigated the effects of NaCl treatments on photosynthesis, water status and K/Na homeostasis of this species, then analyzed the expression of key genes involved in these processes using the qRT-PCR method.

Integrated bioinformatic and physiological analyses reveal the pivotal role of hydrogen sulfide in enhancing low-temperature tolerance in alfalfa.

Hydrogen sulfide (H S) is an important gaseous signal molecule that regulates plant growth and stress resistance. However, research on the H S synthase (HSase) genes is still limited in the model legume plant Medicago truncatula Gaertn. In the present study, a total of 40 HSase family members were first identified and analyzed in the M.

Exploratory application of an integrated topic-based curriculum in biochemistry experimental teaching.

Biochemistry, a complicated basic course in health sciences, plays a fundamental role in describing pathogenic mechanism of illness in molecular terms, and is required to be learned for all medical students. Due to various obstacles to biochemistry learning and teaching, there is a pressing issue of curriculum reform to arouse the student's enthusiasm in biochemistry learning. In this study, an integrated topic-based biochemistry training program (TBBTP) combining the traditional lectures, question-based learning and experimental practices, was introduced in biochemistry teaching.

Paclobutrazol Ameliorates Low-Light-Induced Damage by Improving Photosynthesis, Antioxidant Defense System, and Regulating Hormone Levels in Tall Fescue.

Paclobutrazol (PBZ) is a plant-growth regulator (PGR) in the triazole family that enhances plant tolerance to environmental stresses. Low-light (LL) intensity is a critical factor adversely affecting the growth of tall fescue ( Schreb.).

OPN N-glycosylation promoted bone destruction.

Objectives: Exploring the role of OPN N-glycosylation in osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of OPN in mice with apical periodontitis. The asparagine at position 79 of the OPN protein was mutated to glutamine, and the above plasmids were transfected into osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

miR-30a targets STOX2 to increase cell proliferation and metastasis in hydatidiform moles via ERK, AKT, and P38 signaling pathways.

Background: A hydatidiform mole is a condition caused by abnormal proliferation of trophoblastic cells. MicroRNA miR-30a acts as a tumor suppressor gene in most tumors and participates in the development of various cancers. However, its role in hydatidiform moles is not clear.

Hydrogen sulfide improves tall fescue photosynthesis response to low-light stress by regulating chlorophyll and carotenoid metabolisms.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS), as a gaseous messenger molecule, plays critical roles in signal transduction and biological modulation. In the present study, the roles of HS in regulating chlorophyll (Chl) and carotenoid (Car) contents to improve photosynthesis in tall fescue were investigated under low-light (LL) stress. Compared to control conditions, LL stress significantly reduced total biomass, net photosynthetic rate (P), maximal quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry (F/F), and the contents of Chl and Car.

Paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 2 affects endometrial cell function and embryo implantation through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

The successful implantation of embryos is crucial for pregnancy in mammals. This complex process is inevitably dependent on the development of the endometrium. The paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 2 (PITX2) is involved in a variety of biological processes, but whether it is involved in embryo implantation has not been reported.

Ginsenoside protects against AKI via activation of HIF‑1α and VEGF‑A in the kidney‑brain axis.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by abrupt kidney dysfunction. It results in remote organ dysfunction, including the brain. The underlying mechanism of the kidney‑brain axis in AKI and effective protective approaches remain unknown.

O‑GlcNAc modification influences endometrial receptivity by promoting endometrial cell proliferation, migration and invasion.

O‑linked β‑N‑acetylglucosamine (O‑GlcNAc) modification is a dynamic post‑translational modification process that is involved in many crucial biological processes, including cell cycle regulation, nutrient metabolism and extracellular signaling. This dynamic modification is dependent on the ambient glucose concentration and is catalyzed and removed by O‑GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O‑GlcNAcase (OGA), respectively. The present study aimed to determine the role of O‑GlcNAcylation during embryo implantation by inhibiting or enhancing its function and expression.

Proteomic and Morphologic Evidence for Taurine-5-Bromosalicylaldehyde Schiff Base as an Efficient Anti-Mycobacterial Drug.

, a causative pathogen of tuberculosis (TB), still threatens human health worldwide. To find a novel drug to eradicate this pathogen, we tested taurine-5- bromosalicylaldehyde Schiff base (TBSSB) as an innovative anti-mycobacterial drug using as a surrogate model for . We investigated the antimicrobial activity of TBSSB against by plotting growth curves, examined the effect of TBSSB on biofilm formation, observed morphological changes by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, and detected differentially expressed proteins using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry.

Role of microtubule-associated protein 6 glycosylated with Gal-(β-1,3)-GalNAc in Parkinson's disease.

Aberrant glycosylation of proteins has major implications for human diseases. To determine whether protein glycosylation contributes to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), a mouse model of PD was established by injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Induction of PD-like features was verified by assessing motor impairment and confirming reductions in biological markers, including dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and tyrosine hydroxylase, as well as the aggregation of α-synuclein.

Identification of a novel carboxypeptidase encoded by Rv3627c that plays a potential role in mycobacteria morphology and cell division.

Functionally uncharacterized gene Rv3627c is predicted to encode a carboxypeptidase in the pathogen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), which remains a major threat to human health. Here, we sought to reveal the function of Rv3627c and to elucidate its effects on mycobacterial growth.

Overexpression of ribonuclease inhibitor induces autophagy in human colorectal cancer cells via the Akt/mTOR/ULK1 pathway.

Ribonuclease inhibitor (RI), also termed angiogenin inhibitor, acts as the inhibitor of ribonucleolytic activity of RNase A and angiogenin. The expression of RI has been investigated in melanoma and bladder cancer cells. However, the precise role of RI in tumorigenesis, in addition to RI‑induced autophagy, remains poorly understood.

miR-196b inhibits cell migration and invasion through targeting MAP3K1 in hydatidiform mole.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that are closely associated with carcinogenesis. Accumulating data indicate that miR-196b participates in the development of various types of cancers. However, the role of miR-196b in the formation of hydatidiform mole (HM) is still unclear.

Deficiency of D-alanyl-D-alanine ligase A attenuated cell division and greatly altered the proteome of Mycobacterium smegmatis.

D-Alanyl-D-alanine ligase A (DdlA) catalyses the dimerization of two D-alanines yielding D-alanyl-D-alanine required for mycobacterial peptidoglycan biosynthesis, and is a promising antimycobacterial drug target. To better understand the roles of DdlA in mycobacteria in vivo, we established a cell model in which DdlA expression was specifically downregulated by ddlA antisense RNA by introducing a 380 bp ddlA fragment into pMind followed by transforming the construct into nonpathogenic Mycobacterium smegmatis. The M.