The iPhylo suite: an interactive platform for building and annotating biological and chemical taxonomic trees.

Accurate and rapid taxonomic classifications are essential for systematically exploring organisms and metabolites in diverse environments. Many tools have been developed for biological taxonomic trees, but limitations apply, and a streamlined method for constructing chemical taxonomic trees is notably absent. We present the iPhylo suite (https://www.

Exploiting activation radiation from neutron tomography reveals the hidden elemental composition of 3D art objects for free.

Neutron tomography is gaining popularity particularly in cultural heritage research, for non-destructively analysing the inner structure of bulk metal artefacts, such as bronzes, but the induced temporary decay radiation is often considered as a drawback. However, this delayed gamma-emission can be put to good use: by performing gamma spectroscopy after neutron tomography, the interior elemental composition of artefacts can be obtained "for free". Inspired by this, we propose a ray-tracing approach to non-invasively quantify both interior geometry and elemental composition using only a single neutron tomography experiment.

Longitudinal Mapping of Personal Biotic and Abiotic Exposomes and Transcriptome in Underwater Confined Space Using Wearable Passive Samplers.

Silicone-based passive samplers, commonly paired with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, are increasingly utilized for personal exposure assessments. However, its compatibility with the biotic exposome remains underexplored. In this study, we introduce the wearable silicone-based AirPie passive sampler, coupled with nontargeted liquid chromatography with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS), GC-HRMS, and metagenomic shotgun sequencing methods, offering a comprehensive view of personalized airborne biotic and abiotic exposomes.

Charting the landscape of the environmental exposome.

The exposome depicts the total exposures in the lifetime of an organism. Human exposome comprises exposures from environmental and humanistic sources. Biological, chemical, and physical environmental exposures pose potential health threats, especially to susceptible populations.

Improved detection of focal cortical dysplasia in normal-appearing FLAIR images using a Bayesian classifier.

Purpose: Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a malformation of cortical development that often causes pharmacologically intractable epilepsy. However, FCD lesions are frequently characterized by minor structural abnormalities that can easily go unrecognized, making diagnosis difficult. Therefore, many epileptic patients have had pathologically confirmed FCD lesions that appeared normal in pre-surgical fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance (MR) studies.

Automatic localization and segmentation of focal cortical dysplasia in FLAIR-negative patients using a convolutional neural network.

Purpose: Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a common cause of epilepsy; the only treatment is surgery. Therefore, detecting FCD using noninvasive imaging technology can help doctors determine whether surgical intervention is required. Since FCD lesions are small and not obvious, diagnosing FCD through visual evaluations of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans is difficult.