Unusual presentation of esophageal tuberculosis: a case study.

Background: Esophageal ulcers can arise not only from malignant lesions but also from benign diseases, such as tuberculosis. These ulcers may mimic the radiological features of esophageal malignancy or tuberculosis on PET/CT, leading to diagnostic challenges.

Case Presentation: A 59-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a month-long history of progressive painful swallowing, fatigue, and loss of appetite.

Chemotherapy- and Immune-Related Gene Panel in Prognosis Prediction and Immune Microenvironment of SCLC.

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly proliferative, invasive lung cancer with poor prognosis. Chemotherapy is still the standard first-line treatment for SCLC, but many patients relapse due to chemoresistance. Along with advances in immunology, it is essential to investigate potential indicators of the immune response and the prognosis of SCLC.

Pseudoprogression in lung cancer patients treated with immunotherapy.

Lung cancer has attracted much attention because of its high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The advent of immunotherapy approaches, especially the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has dramatically changed the treatment of lung cancer, but a novel and unexpected pattern of treatment response-- pseudoprogression, has been observed simultaneously which complicates the routine clinical evaluation and management. However, manifestations of pseudoprogression vary and there are many disputes on immune-related response assessment and corresponding treatments for lung cancer.

Corrigendum: Decreased DUSP26 Expression Promotes Malignant Behavior in Glioblastoma Cells Deregulation of MAPK and Akt Signaling Pathway.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.

Decreased DUSP26 Expression Promotes Malignant Behavior in Glioblastoma Cells Deregulation of MAPK and Akt Signaling Pathway.

Purpose: Dual-specificity protein phosphatases 26 (DUSP26) is a recently identified phosphatase enzyme that regulates MAPK and Akt signaling pathways. The role of DUSP26 in the development and prognosis of high-grade gliomas (HGGs) and primary glioblastoma (GBM) has remained unclear and was the focus of this study.

Materials And Methods: The prognostic value of DUSP26 was assessed using retrospective analyses using online data sets and tissue microarray of HGGs.

Combination therapy: Future directions of immunotherapy in small cell lung cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), an aggressive and devastating malignancy, is characterized by rapid growth and early metastasis. Although most patients respond to first-line chemotherapy, the majority of patients rapidly relapse and have a relatively poor prognosis. Fortunately, immunotherapy, mainly including antibodies that target the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), checkpoints programmed death-1 (PD-1), and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) to block immune regulatory checkpoints on tumor cells, immune cells, fibroblasts cells and endothelial cells, has achieved the milestone in several solid tumors, such as melanoma and non-small-cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC).

Bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation of TTK as a biomarker for prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Despite the prominent development of medical technology in recent years, the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still not optimistic. It is crucial to identify more reliable diagnostic biomarkers for the early diagnosis and personalized therapy of NSCLC and clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying NSCLC progression.

Methods: In the present study, bioinformatics analysis was performed on three datasets obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus to identify the NSCLC-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Fibrous sheath interacting protein 1 overexpression is associated with unfavorable prognosis in bladder cancer: a potential therapeutic target.

The study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of fibrous sheath interacting protein 1 (FSIP1) in bladder cancer, and its potential relevance to the survival of patients with bladder cancer. A total of 225 surgical excised-bladder cancer tissues were collected from the patients with the follow-up data >5 years. The FSIP1 expressions were assayed using immunohistochemistry.

Gankyrin promotes the proliferation of gastric cancer and is associated with chemosensitivity.

Although gankyrin is involved in the tumorigenicity and metastasis of some malignancies, the role of gankyrin in gastric cancer is not clear. In this study, we evaluated the function and mechanism of gankyrin in gastric cancer. The effects of gankyrin on gastric cancer growth, proliferation, and chemosensitivity were determined.

MDMX is a prognostic factor for non-small cell lung cancer and regulates its sensitivity to cisplatin.

Purpose: Chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment modality for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, drug and radiation resistance remain major factors influencing its clinical outcome. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether MDMX can affect the chemosensitivity and clinical outcome of NSCLC.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation improves radiation-induced heart injury through DNA damage repair in rat model.

Radiotherapy is an effective form of therapy for most thoracic malignant tumors. However, myocardial injury resulting from the high doses of radiation is a severe complication. Here we aimed to study the possibility of reducing radiation-induced myocardial injury with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation.

Proton therapy posterior beam approach with pencil beam scanning for esophageal cancer : Clinical outcome, dosimetry, and feasibility.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to present the dosimetry, feasibility, and preliminary clinical results of a novel pencil beam scanning (PBS) posterior beam technique of proton treatment for esophageal cancer in the setting of trimodality therapy.

Methods: From February 2014 to June 2015, 13 patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer (T3-4N0-2M0; 11 adenocarcinoma, 2 squamous cell carcinoma) were treated with trimodality therapy (neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by esophagectomy). Eight patients were treated with uniform scanning (US) and 5 patients were treated with a single posterior-anterior (PA) beam PBS technique with volumetric rescanning for motion mitigation.

RBX1 expression is an unfavorable prognostic factor in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic value of RBX1 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Quantitative real-time (RT-PCR) and western blot were used to evaluate the mRNA and protein expression of RBX1 in NSCLC and corresponding non-cancerous tissues. Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine the expression of RBX1 in 192 NSCLC tissue samples.

Sestrin2 expression is a favorable prognostic factor in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of Sestirn2 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Quantitative real-time ( RT-PCR) and western blot were performed to investigate the mRNA and protein expression of Sestirn2 in NSCLC and corresponding non-cancerous tissues. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Sestirn2 in 210 NSCLC tissue samples.

Sestrin2 protects the myocardium against radiation-induced damage.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of Sestrin2 in response to radiation-induced injury to the heart and on the cardiomyopathy development in the mouse. Mice with genetic deletion of the Sestrin2 (Sestrin2 knockout mice [Sestrin2 KO]) and treatment with irradiation (22 or 15 Gy) were used as independent approaches to determine the role of Sestrin2. Echocardiography (before and after isoproterenol challenge) and left ventricular (LV) catheterization were performed to evaluate changes in LV dimensions and function.

Pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts prognosis in patients with locoregionally advanced laryngeal carcinoma treated with chemoradiotherapy.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio on the prognosis of patients with locoregionally advanced laryngeal carcinoma treated with chemoradiotherapy.

Methods: One hundred and twenty-five patients with locoregionally advanced laryngeal carcinoma (cT3-4 N0-3M0) treated with chemoradiotherapy were reviewed retrospectively. Chemoradiotherapy comprised external beam radiotherapy to the larynx (70 Gy) with three cycles of cisplatin at 3 week intervals.

Sodium glycididazole enhances the radiosensitivity of laryngeal cancer cells through downregulation of ATM signaling pathway.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiation-enhancing effect of sodium glycididazole, and the corresponding mechanisms of action on laryngeal cancer cells. Two laryngeal cancer cell lines (Hep-2 and UT-SCC-19A) were irradiated with X-rays in the presence or absence of sodium glycididazole. Cell survival, DNA damage and repair, cell apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, expression of proteins related to cell cycle checkpoint, and apoptosis were measured.

Radiation enhancing effects of sanazole and gemcitabine in hypoxic breast and cervical cancer cells in vitro.

Aim Of The Study: Sanazole and gemcitabine have been proven clinically as hypoxic cell radiosensitisers. This study was conducted to determine the radiation enhancing effects of sanazole and gemcitabine when administered together at relevant concentrations into hypoxic human MCF-7 and HeLa cells.

Material And Methods: A 3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to evaluate the number of surviving cells.

Diagnosis of pancreatic cancer using ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT and CA19-9 with SUVmax association to clinical characteristics.

Purpose: To assess the ability of 18F-FDG PET/CT alone or combined with CA19-9 to diagnose pancreatic cancer and to analyze the correlation between maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and clinical characteristics.

Methods: Ninety-one patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer using 18F-FDG PET/CT before treatment were analyzed. Definite diagnosis was by histology or cytology.

Serum CA125 level predicts prognosis in patients with multiple brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer before and after treatment of whole-brain radiotherapy.

This study was to evaluate the effect of serum CA125 level on the prognosis of patients with multiple brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer before and after treatment of whole-brain radiotherapy. Sixty-six patients with multiple brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer before and after treatment of radiotherapy were reviewed retrospectively. Radiotherapy was given to the whole brain using opposed 6MV lateral beams with a dose of 30 Gy in 15 fractions in 3 weeks.

Radiation enhancing effects with the combination of sanazole and irinotecan in hypoxic HeLa human cervical cancer cell line.

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the synergistic radiation sensitizing effects of the combination of sanazole and irinotecan in hypoxic cervical cancer HeLa human tumor cell line.

Methods: The 3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to evaluate the number of surviving cells. Cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry.

Post-diagnosis soy food intake and breast cancer survival: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Background And Objectives: Data on associations between soy food intake after cancer diagnosis with breast cancer survival are conflicting, so we conducted this meta-analysis for more accurate evaluation.

Methods: Comprehensive searches were conducted to find cohort studies of the relationship between soy food intake after cancer diagnosis and breast cancer survival. Data were analyzed with comprehensive meta-analysis software.

Circulation insulin-like growth factor peptides and colorectal cancer risk: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Insulin-like growth factor peptides, play an important role in regulating cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, which has been demonstrated to promote the development of cancer. The purpose of our study is to assess the association between circulation insulin-like growth factor peptides and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. We searched Medline, EMBASE, OVID and Web of Science and picked up epidemiological studies that satisfied our inclusion criteria.