Engineering source-sink relations by prime editing confers heat-stress resilience in tomato and rice.

A 2°C climate-warming scenario is expected to further exacerbate average crop losses by 3%-13%, yet few heat-tolerant staple-crop varieties are available toward meeting future food demands. Here, we develop high-efficiency prime-editing tools to precisely knockin a 10-bp heat-shock element (HSE) into promoters of cell-wall-invertase genes (CWINs) in elite rice and tomato cultivars. HSE insertion endows CWINs with heat-responsive upregulation in both controlled and field environments to enhance carbon partitioning to grain and fruits, resulting in per-plot yield increases of 25% in rice cultivar Zhonghua11 and 33% in tomato cultivar Ailsa Craig over heat-stressed controls, without fruit quality penalties.

LYRM2 Promotes the Growth and Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Enhancing HIF-1α-Dependent Glucose Metabolic Reprogramming.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a foetal malignancy with dismal overall survival. The molecular mechanism underlying the progression of HCC remain largely unknown. LYR motif containing 2 (LYRM2) has been identified as an oncogene in colorectal cancer; however, its expression, functions and molecular mechanism in the context of HCC has not been investigated.

Effects of resveratrol-loaded dendrimer nanomedicine on hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Resveratrol (Res), a Chinese herbal extract, has demonstrated a remarkable and distinct antitumor effect, characterized by prolonged efficacy and minimal adverse reactions. However, the bioavailability of Res in animals is hindered by limited absorption rates. Therefore, it is crucial to enhance the tumor-targeting ability of resveratrol to optimize cancer treatment outcomes by improving its bioavailability.

Synthesis of Pt-MoS with enhanced photothermal and peroxidase-like properties and its antibacterial application.

Despite tremendous efforts, bacterial infection and contamination remain a major clinical challenge to modern humans. Nanozyme materials with stimuli-responsive properties are expected to be powerful tools for the next generation of antibacterial therapy. Here, MoS nanosheet was firstly prepared by liquid phase exfoliation method, and Pt-MoS hybrid biomaterial was then successfully synthesized by a simple self-reduction method.

Divergence in regulatory mechanisms of GR-RBP genes in different plants under abiotic stress.

The IVa subfamily of glycine-rich proteins (GRPs) comprises a group of glycine-rich RNA binding proteins referred to as GR-RBPa here. Previous studies have demonstrated functions of GR-RBPa proteins in regulating stress response in plants. However, the mechanisms responsible for the differential regulatory functions of GR-RBPa proteins in different plant species have not been fully elucidated.

The effects of Micro/Nano-plastics exposure on plants and their toxic mechanisms: A review from multi-omics perspectives.

In recent years, plastic pollution has become a global environmental problem, posing a potential threat to agricultural ecosystems and human health, and may further exacerbate global food security problems. Studies have revealed that exposure to micro/nano-plastics (MPs/NPs) might cause various aspects of physiological toxicities, including plant biomass reduction, intracellular oxidative stress burst, photosynthesis inhibition, water and nutrient absorption reduction, cellular and genotoxicity, seed germination retardation, and that the effects were closely related to MP/NP properties (type, particle size, functional groups), exposure concentration, exposure duration and plant characteristics (species, tissue, growth stage). Based on a brief review of the physiological toxicity of MPs/NPs to plant growth, this paper comprehensively reviews the potential molecular mechanism of MPs/NPs on plant growth from perspectives of multi-omics, including transcriptome, metabolome, proteome and microbiome, thus to reveal the role of MPs/NPs in plant transcriptional regulation, metabolic pathway reprogramming, protein translational and post-translational modification, as well as rhizosphere microbial remodeling at multiple levels.

Luteolin inhibits angiogenesis and enhances radiotherapy sensitivity of laryngeal cancer via downregulating Integrin β1.

Aim: To demonstrate the role and mechanism of luteolin in radio-sensitization and angiogenesis of laryngeal cancer.

Methods: Firstly, we analyzed the cytotoxicity of Luteolin and radiation sensitive cytotoxicity through CCK8, and selected subsequent radiation doses and Luteolin concentrations. Next, we further analyzed the effects of Luteolin on radiation sensitivity and neovascularization of laryngeal cancer, and conducted CCK8, plate cloning, and angiogenesis experiments, respectively.

S1P/S1PR signaling pathway advancements in autoimmune diseases.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a versatile sphingolipid that is generated through the phosphorylation of sphingosine by sphingosine kinase (SPHK). S1P exerts its functional effects by binding to the G protein-coupled S1P receptor (S1PR). This lipid mediator plays a pivotal role in various cellular activities.

Comparison of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To compare the performance of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) with that of Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) in diagnosing neonatal sepsis (NS).

Methods: PubMed and Embase were searched for relevant studies from the inception of the databases to May, 2022. The pooled sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), and area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) were measured.

Structural characterization and transformation of nitrogen compounds in waste tire pyrolysis oils.

The waste tire pyrolysis oil (WTPO) has been widely concerned because it's a promising recycling method of waste tires. However, the high content of nitrogen in WTPO is unfavorable to its application. In this work, nitrogen compounds in the full distillation range of a waste tire pyrolysis oil were characterized by gas chromatograph-nitrogen chemiluminescence detector (GC-NCD), gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS).

Variety-Specific Transcriptional and Alternative Splicing Regulations Modulate Salt Tolerance in Rice from Early Stage of Stress.

Salt stress poses physiological drought, ionic toxicity and oxidative stress to plants, which causes premature senescence and death of the leaves if the stress sustained. Salt tolerance varied between different rice varieties, but how different rice varieties respond at the early stage of salt stress has been seldom studied comprehensively. By employing third generation sequencing technology, we compared gene expressional changes in leaves of three rice varieties that varied in their level of tolerance after salt stress treatment for 6 h.

Separation of false-positive microplastics and analysis of microplastics via a two-phase system combined with confocal Raman spectroscopy.

In the field of microplastics research, more accurate standardised methods and analytical techniques still need to be explored. In this study, a new method for the microplastics quantitatively and qualitatively analysis by two-phase (ethyl acetate-water) system combined with confocal Raman spectroscopy was developed. Microplastics can be separated from false-positive microplastics in beach sand and marine sediment, attributing to the hydrophobic-lipophilic interaction (HLI) of the two-phase system.

Silencing PLOD2 attenuates cancer stem cell-like characteristics and cisplatin-resistant through Integrin β1 in laryngeal cancer.

Laryngeal cancer (LC) is an aggressive malignancy resistant to drug treatments. It has been postulated that cancer stem cells (CSCs) persist in a unique population of cancer cells involved in tumor progression and drug-resistance. In the present study, the effects of PLOD2 expression on ordinary and Cisplatin (DDP)-resistance (R) cells were investigated in TU686 and TU138 cells and Xenograft model.

Impact of the surrounding environment on antibiotic resistance genes carried by microplastics in mangroves.

The pollution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) carried by microplastics (MPs) is a growing concern. Mangroves are located at the intersection of land and sea and are seriously affected by MP pollution. However, few studies have systematic research evaluating the transmission risk of ARGs carried by MPs in mangroves.

Heterotypic transcriptional condensates formed by prion-like paralogous proteins canalize flowering transition in tomato.

Background: Paralogs that arise from gene duplications during genome evolution enable genetic redundancy and phenotypic robustness. Variation in the coding or regulatory sequence of paralogous transcriptional regulators diversifies their functions and relationships, which provides developmental robustness against genetic or environmental perturbation. The fate transition of plant shoot stem cells for flowering and reproductive success requires a robust transcriptional control.

ROS regulated reversible protein phase separation synchronizes plant flowering.

How aerobic organisms exploit inevitably generated but potentially dangerous reactive oxygen species (ROS) to benefit normal life is a fundamental biological question. Locally accumulated ROS have been reported to prime stem cell differentiation. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear.

Chemotaxis-selective colonization of mangrove rhizosphere microbes on nine different microplastics.

Microplastics pollution poses a new threat to the environment of intertidal zone. The sea forest, mangrove, has been polluted by a large number of plastic debris worldwide. To fill the gaps in knowledge of mangrove rhizosphere microbes connected with the 'plasticsphere', a semi-controlled in situ exposure experiment for nine different types of microplastics were conducted in mangrove ecosystem.

Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty with cross-linked acellular porcine corneal stroma to manage fungal keratitis.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) with cross-linked acellular porcine corneal stroma (APCS) and post-operative topical tacrolimus treatment in patients with fungal keratitis.

Methods: This multicenter prospective study involved 25 cases of fungal keratitis that were treated by DALK with cross-linked APCSs and post-operative topical tacrolimus from December 2013 to November 2014 at the Wenzhou Eye Hospital and the Henan provincial Eye Hospital. Signs of post-operative inflammation, corneal reepithelialization, corneal neovascularization, and graft rejection were assessed, and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and APCS graft transparency were monitored for the 12-month follow-up period.

Case report of a patient with suspected COVID-19 with depression and fever in an epidemic stress environment.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of suspected cases, confirmed cases and those who passed away from the virus has been reported in major media and the internet, and has caused a high degree of tension. In addition, people's outdoor activities have been limited, making it more difficult to find outlets for releasing stress. Under this situation, some people began to experience emotions of anxiety and depression.

The Complex Toxicity of Tetracycline with Polystyrene Spheres on Gastric Cancer Cells.

Nowadays, microplastics (MPs) exist widely in the marine. The surface has strong adsorption capacity for antibiotics in natural environments, and the cytotoxicity of complex are poorly understood. In the study, 500 nm polystyrene (PS-MPs) and 60 nm nanoplastics (PS-NPs) were synthesized.

Traditional rice landraces in Lei-Qiong area of South China tolerate salt stress with strong antioxidant activity.

Salt stress, causing serious loss on crop productions, is one of the most important environmental stresses throughout the world. The aim of this study is to select salt-tolerant traditional rice resources collected from Lei-Qiong area of South China and investigate their physiological performances and biochemical regulations during salt stress response, together with two well-known international varieties, Nona Bokra (salt-tolerant sample) and IR29 (salt-sensitive sample). After comprehensive analyses, we discovered that two Lei-Qiong traditional salt-tolerant rice samples showed less growth inhibition by salt stress during both germination and seedling stage, in comparison with other rice samples.

Significant Impacts of Both Total Amount and Availability of Heavy Metals on the Functions and Assembly of Soil Microbial Communities in Different Land Use Patterns.

Land use change alters the accumulation of heavy metals (HMs) in soils and might have significant influence on the assembly and functions of soil microbial community. Although numerous studies have discussed the impacts of either total amounts or availability of metals on soil microbes in land change, there is still limited understanding on which one is more critical. In the present study, soils from three land use types (forest, mining field, and operating factory) located in Shaoguan city (Guangdong Province, China) were collected to investigate the impacts of soil HMs on soil enzyme activities and bacterial community structures.

[Qualitative analysis of compositions of anthraquinone series working solution by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry].

A method for the qualitative analysis of compositions of anthraquinone working solution (WS)/hydrogenated working solution (HWS) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed. The composition of ethylanthraquinone (eAQ) WS/HWS was identified by GC-MS. Then the samples of amylanthraquinone (AAQ) WS/HWS were analyzed by GC-MS.