Maternal high glucose and fat diet exposure impaired vascular constriction via miR-325-3P/SHIP2/NOX2 pathway axis in offspring vessels.

Background And Objectives: Maternal western-style diets that are high in glucose and fat have well-known cardiovascular effects on offspring, yet the combined influence of such diets during pregnancy is relatively less comprehended. This study investigates the impact of maternal high glucose and fat diet (HGF) on vascular constriction in offspring and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods And Results: Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were provided with either HGF or control diets.

Association between night shift work and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cohort-based meta-analysis.

Background: The impact of night shift work on the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is not well understood. This meta-analysis assesses the association between night shift work and the risk of developing T2DM and explores this relationship across various subgroups.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, and the Cochrane Library from their inception until February 2024.

The efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in gastric cancer, adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction, and esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis.

Background: Neoadjuvant immunotherapy holds promise in managing resectable locally advanced gastric cancer (GC), adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG), and esophageal cancer (EC). However, consensus is lacking regarding the efficacy of programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (NICT). This study aims to assess the added benefit of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) for these malignancies.

Neonatal maternal separation impairs cognitive function and synaptic plasticity in adult male CD-1 mice.

Maternal separation (MS) increases the risk of occurrence of anxiety, depression, and learning and memory impairment in offspring. However, the underlying molecular biological mechanisms remain unclear. In the current study, offspring CD-1 mice were separated from their mothers from postnatal day 4 to postnatal day 21.

The effect of vitamin D supplementation on antibiotic use: a meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.

Objective: This meta-analysis explores the impact of vitamin D supplementation on antibiotic utilization.

Methods: We systematically searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Science Direct from inception to April 2024. These trials compared antibiotic use rates between groups receiving vitamin D supplements and placebo.

The impact of insomnia on prefrontal activation during a verbal fluency task in patients with major depressive disorder: A preliminary fNIRS study.

Background: Insomnia often co-occurs with major depressive disorder (MDD) and significantly affects patient recovery and prognosis. However, how insomnia affects prefrontal cortex activation in MDD patients and its association with both subjective and objective sleep quality remains unclear. This study combined functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) with polysomnography (PSG) to investigate differences in prefrontal activation during a verbal fluency task (VFT) in patients with MDD, with and without insomnia.

Melatonin attenuates intermittent hypoxia-induced cognitive impairment in aged mice: The role of inflammation and synaptic plasticity.

Intermittent hypoxia (IH), a major pathophysiologic alteration in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), is an important contributor to cognitive impairment. Increasing research suggests that melatonin has anti-inflammatory properties and improves functions related to synaptic plasticity. However, it is unclear whether melatonin has a protective effect against OSAS-induced cognitive dysfunction in aged individuals and the involved mechanisms are also unclear.

Retrospective study on endoscopic treatment of recurrent esophageal cancer patients after radiotherapy.

Background: Esophageal cancer poses a significant health burden globally. Endoscopic treatment has emerged as a viable option for patient ineligible for surgery or experiencing disease recurrence post-radiotherapy.

Methods: Patients visiting the Department of Endoscopy at the Cancer Hospital of China Academy of Medical Sciences between March 2009 and March 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.

Experiences and needs of Chinese women after a stillbirth: a qualitative phenomenological study.

Objectives: We aimed to explore the lived experiences and needs of women after a recent stillbirth event.

Design: Qualitative phenomenological study.

Setting: The current study was conducted in a tertiary obstetric hospital in East China between 25 January 2024 and 29 March 2024.

Maize, Peanut, and Millet Rotations Improve Crop Yields by Altering the Microbial Community and Chemistry of Sandy Saline-Alkaline Soils.

Crop rotation increases crop yield, improves soil health, and reduces plant disease. However, few studies were conducted on the use of intensive cropping patterns to improve the microenvironment of saline soils. The present study thoroughly evaluated the impact of a three-year maize-peanut-millet crop rotation pattern on the crop yield.

Imbalance polarization of M1/M2 macrophages in miscarried uterus.

Background: Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) is well known to manifest a miscarriage-inducing effector during early pregnancy and activate macrophage to induce M1 macrophage polarization. However, the role of macrophage polarization in LPS-related miscarriage-inducing effect is not apparent.

Methods: In this work, gene expression changes and the percentage of M1/M2 macrophages and monocytes in LPS-induced miscarried uterus were firstly analyzed by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and Flow Cytometry.

Treatment outcomes of endoscopic resection for nonampullary duodenal neuroendocrine tumors.

Background: The incidence rate of duodenal neuroendocrine tumors has been increasing in recent years. Endoscopic resection [ER; endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)] is recommended for nonampullary duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (NAD-NETs) ≤10 mm in diameter that are confined to the submucosal layer and without lymph node or distant metastasis. However, the efficacy and safety of and indications for EMR/ESD remain unclear.

Subsequent maternal sleep deprivation aggravates cognitive impairment by modulating hippocampal neuroinflammatory responses and synaptic function in maternal isoflurane-exposed offspring mice.

Introduction: Pregnant women may need to undergo non-obstetric surgery under general anesthesia owing to medical needs, and pregnant women frequently experience sleep disturbances during late gestation. Preclinical studies demonstrated that maternal isoflurane exposure (MISO) or maternal sleep deprivation (MSD) contributed to cognitive impairments in offspring. Research studies in mice have revealed that SD can aggravate isoflurane-induced cognitive deficits.

Establishing and Validating an Innovative Focal Adhesion-Linked Gene Signature for Enhanced Prognostic Assessment in Endometrial Cancer.

Studies have highlighted the significant role of focal adhesion signaling in cancer. Nevertheless, its specific involvement in the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer and its clinical significance remains uncertain. We analyzed TCGA-UCEC and GSE119041 datasets with corresponding clinical data to investigate focal adhesion-related gene expression and their clinical significance.

Enhanced Piezoelectricity of MAPbI by the Introduction of MXene and Its Utilization in Boosting High-Performance Photodetectors.

Recently, perovskite photodetectors (PDs) are risen to prominence due to substantial research interest. Beyond merely tweaking the composition of materials, a cutting-edge advancement lies in leveraging the innate piezoelectric polarization properties of perovskites themselves. Here, the investigation shows utilizing TiCT, a typical MXene, as an intermediate layer for significantly boosting the piezoelectric property of MAPbI thin films.

Resveratrol prevents cognitive deficits induced by sleep deprivation via modulating sirtuin 1 associated pathways in the hippocampus.

Accumulating evidence confirms that sleep insufficiency is a high risk factor for cognitive impairment, which involves inflammation and synaptic dysfunction. Resveratrol, an agonist of the Sirt1, has demonstrated anti-inflammation and neuroprotective effects in models of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia. However, the beneficial effects of resveratrol on sleep deprivation-induced cognitive deficits and its underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear.

Effects of sigmoidoscopy screening (including colonoscopy) on colorectal cancer: A -analysis based on randomized controlled trials.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the role of endoscopy screening in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: Up to January 2023, databases were searched for studies related to sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy screening. The incidence of CRC, and/or CRC mortality were the main observation outcomes.

The cardiac-related adverse events of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in advanced or metastatic lung cancer: a RCT-based meta-analysis.

Background: This study aims to investigate the effect of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy on cardiac-related adverse events in patients with advanced or metastatic lung cancer.

Methods: We conducted a detailed search in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochran, and Embase for articles on the application of immunotherapy for lung cancer and report cardiac-related adverse events with respect to myocardial ischemia, pericardial effusion, myocarditis, and electrophysiology. The dichotomous variables were assessed by relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Long-term outcomes of endoscopic or surgical resection in T1 colorectal cancer patients: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The personalized treatments of T1 colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial. We compared the long-term outcomes of T1 CRC patients after endoscopic resection (ER) and surgery, and evaluated the risk factors for the long-term prognosis.

Methods: T1 CRCs after resection at the Cancer Hospital, Chines Academy of Medical Sciences from June 2011 to November 2021 were reviewed.

HMGB1 promotes chemoresistance in small cell lung cancer by inducing PARP1-related nucleophagy.

Introduction: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is prone to chemoresistance, which is closely related to genome homeostasis-related processes, such as DNA damage and repair. Nucleophagy is the elimination of specific nuclear substances by cells themselves and is responsible for maintaining genome and chromosome stability. However, the roles of nucleophagy in tumour chemoresistance have not been investigated.

Sleep deprivation aggravates lipopolysaccharide-induced anxiety, depression and cognitive impairment: The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines and synaptic plasticity-associated proteins.

Growing evidence indicates that neuroinflammation plays a critical role in anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment. Sleep loss disrupts the host's immune balance and increases neuroinflammation. This study explored whether chronic sleep deprivation aggravates lipopolysaccharide-induced anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment and assessed the underlying mechanisms.