A New Birthweight Reference by Gestational Age: A Population Study Based on the Generalized Additive Model for Location, Scale, and Shape Method.

Background: It is important to choose a suitable birthweight reference to assess newborns, especially those that are small for gestational age (SGA). Currently, there is no regional standard reference for the north of China or for Shandong province.

Methods: A total of 130,911 data records of singleton, live neonates born at 24-42 weeks of gestation were collected from 2016 to 2018 in Shandong province.

Advanced bone age as an indicator facilitates the diagnosis of precocious puberty.

Objective: Diagnosis of central precocious puberty has always been challenging in clinical practice. As an important method in the diagnosis of central precocious puberty, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone stimulation test is complex and time-consuming. In many cases, clinical traits are inconsistent with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone stimulation test results, therefore not reliable for diagnosis.

[Relationship between serum HBV DNA level and follicular helper T lymphocyte in patients with chronic hepatitis B and its significance].

Objective: To explore relationship between HBV DNA level and peripheral blood follicular helper T lymphocyte (Tfh) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and its significance.

Methods: HBV DNA levels of 179 cases of CHB patients with positive HBV DNA, positive HBeAg and positive human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-A2 were tested with real time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Tfh and HBV specific CTL were tested with flow cytometry.

[Effect of kurarinol on peripheral blood CTL surface PD-1 expression of patients with chronic hepatitis B].

Objective: To explore the anti-viral mechanism of kurarinol through studying its influence on cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) surface program death receptor-1 (PD-1) expression of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

Methods: 69 cases of CHB, HBV DNA > or = 10(4) copies/ml, HBeAg positive, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 positive, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) > 2 x upper limit of normal value(ULN).69 cases were randomly divided into two groups:34 cases in treatment group,600 mg of kurarinol glucose injection was used for intravenous dripping, once a day, one month later, 200 mg of kurarinol capsule was used orally,three times a day and 200 mg of silybin meglumine tablet was used orally, three times a day.

[Association of serum HBV DNA level with cytotoxic T lymphocytes in patients with HBV-induced hepatic cirrhosis].

Objective: To explore the association of serum HBV DNA level with HBV-specific and nonspecific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in patients with HBV-induced hepatic cirrhosis.

Methods: 120 patients with HBV-induced hepatic cirrhosis who were positive for HBV DNA, HBeAg and human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 were enrolled in this study. The level of HBV DNA was determined by real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Effect of medical ozone therapy on renal blood flow and renal function of patients with chronic severe hepatitis.

Background: Medical ozone therapy system was reported to have certain effects on the treatment of severe hepatitis, but its mechanism is not very clear. One of the causes of death of severe hepatitis is complication of renal damage or hepatorenal syndrome. The present study aimed to observe effects of medical ozone therapy system on plasma renin activity (PRA), angiotensin II (AII), aldosterone (ALD), renal blood flow and renal function of patients with chronic severe hepatitis and explore mechanisms of medical ozone therapy in the treatment of severe hepatitis.

[Relations between ALT level and count of HBV special CTL and non-specific CTL in patients with chronic hepatitis B].

Objective: To explore relations between ALT level and hepatitis B virus (HBV) specific CTL and non-specific CTL in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

Methods: 148 cases of CHB were divided into three groups according to ALT level. 35 cases in group A, ALT > or =2 x upper limit of normal value (ULN)--5 x ULN (100-250 IU/L); 53 cases in group B, ALT > 5 x ULN-- < or =10 x ULN (251-500 IU/L); 60 cases in group C, ALT > 10 x ULN ( > 500 IU/L).

[Influence of Kurarinol on specific and non-specific cell immunity in patients with chronic hepatitis B].

Objective: To explore influence of Kurarinol on specific and non-specific cell immunity in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Methods: 74 cases of CHB were randomly divided into two groups, 36 cases in treatment group, treated with 600 mg Kurarinol glucose injection, IV, once a day. After one month, Kurarinol capsule was used orally, three times a day for 2 months, 200 mg Silybin Meglumine Tablets orally, three times a day for 3 months.

Relationship between serum HBV DNA level and HBV-specific, nonspecific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Background: The response of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) to antiviral therapy against hepatitis B virus (HBV) is related to the base line level of HBV DNA, but the mechanism is not clear. The present study aimed to understand the possible relationship between the level of HBV DNA and HBV-specific, nonspecific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells of CHB patients and the mechanism how the HBV DNA level influences the antiviral therapeutic effect.

Methods: Totally 100 adult patients with CHB who were positive for HBV DNA, HBeAg and (HLA)-A2 were enrolled into this study.

Comparison and significance of specific and non-specific cellular immunity in patients with chronic hepatitis B caused by infection with genotypes B or C of hepatitis B virus.

The present study was designed to investigate possible relationships between the genotypes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the HBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. HBV genotypes, HBV specific CTL HBV DNA and other markers of HBV infection were determined in 138 patients with chronic hepatitis B. The results showed that the patients infected with genotype C (n=62) had a significantly lower HBV-specific CTL response than those who were infected with HBV genotype B (P<0.