The involvement and possible targeting of cardiolipins degradation and disturbed linoleic acid metabolism in cardiac atrophy under cancer cachexia.

Cardiac atrophy is one of the critical characteristics of cancer cachexia though its mechanisms had not been fully clarified. In the present study, to study the mechanisms of cardiac atrophy in cancer cachexia and search for possible drug targets, cancer cachexia mice bearing C26 colon tumor cells and cultured H9c2 cardiomyocytes induced with simulated cancer cachexia injuries were used as in vivo and in vitro model, respectively. Results of both spatial metabolomics and LC-MS non-targeted metabolomics analysis of heart tissues suggested the disturbance of glycerophospholipid and fatty acid metabolism in the cancer cachexia hearts.

Vagus nerve stimulation as a promising neuroprotection for ischemic stroke via α7nAchR-dependent inactivation of microglial NLRP3 inflammasome.

Ischemic stroke is a major cause of disability and death worldwide, and its management requires urgent attention. Previous studies have shown that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) exerts neuroprotection in ischemic stroke by inhibiting neuroinflammation and apoptosis. In this study, we evaluated the timing for VNS intervention in ischemic stroke, and the underlying mechanisms  of VNS-induced neuroprotection.

Carnosol ameliorated cancer cachexia-associated myotube atrophy by targeting P5CS and its downstream pathways.

Carnosol exhibited ameliorating effects on muscle atrophy of mice developed cancer cachexia in our previous research. Here, the ameliorating effects of carnosol on the C2C12 myotube atrophy result from simulated cancer cachexia injury, the conditioned medium of the C26 tumor cells or the LLC tumor cells, were observed. To clarify the mechanisms of carnosol, the possible direct target proteins of carnosol were searched using DARTS (drug affinity responsive target stability) assay and then confirmed using CETSA (cellular thermal shift assay).

Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor DB02 phosphate derivatives based on water-soluble optimization.

To improve the water solubility of anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) agent DB02, an excellent non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) obtained in our previous efforts, we designed and synthesized four phosphate derivatives of DB02 based on the molecular model of DB02 with RT. Here, the antiviral activity of these four derivatives was detected, leading to the discovery of compound P-2, which possessed a superior potency to the lead compound DB02 against wild-type HIV-1 and a variety of HIV-resistant mutant viruses significantly. Furthermore, the water solubility of P-2 was nearly 17 times higher than that of DB02, and the pharmacokinetic test in rats showed that P-2 demonstrate significantly improved oral bioavailablity of 14.

Identification of 6ω-cyclohexyl-2-(phenylamino carbonylmethylthio)pyrimidin-4(3)-ones targeting the ZIKV NS5 RNA dependent RNA polymerase.

Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, is a global health concern because of its association with severe neurological disorders such as neonatal microcephaly and adult Guillain-Barre syndrome. Although many efforts have been made to combat ZIKV infection, there is currently no approved vaccines or antiviral drugs available and there is an urgent need to develop effective anti-ZIKV agents. In this study, 26 acetylarylamine--DACOs derivatives were prepared, and eight of them were found to have inhibitory activity against Zika virus.

Thermal Analysis of Blood Flow Alterations in Human Hand and Foot Based on Vascular-Porous Media Model.

Microvascular and Macrovascular diseases are serious complications of diabetic mellitus, which significantly affect the life quality of diabetic patients. Quantitative description of the relationship between temperature and blood flow is considerably important for non-invasive detection of blood vessel structural and functional lesions. In this study, thermal analysis has been employed to predict blood flow alterations in a foot and a cubic skin model successively by using a discrete vessel-porous media model and further compared the blood flows in 31 diabetic patients.

C6-structural optimizations of 2-aryl-1H-pyrazole-S-DABOs: From anti-HIV to anti-DENV activity.

Both HIV and DENV are serious threats to human life, health and social economy today. So far, no vaccine for either HIV or DENV has been developed successfully. The research on anti-HIV or DENV drugs is still of great significance.

Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 transported by extracellular vesicles contributes to breast cancer development by sponging microRNA-141-3p and regulating KLF12.

Objective: Breast cancer (BC) remains a public-health issue on a global scale. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play functional roles in BC. This study focuses on effects of NEAT1 on BC cell invasion, migration and chemotherapy resistance via microRNA (miR)-141-3p and KLF12.

[Analysis of mandibular canal in patients with prognathism and its clinical significance].

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the position and course of mandibular canal in patients with prognathism using cone-beam CT(CBCT)，and explore its clinical significance.

Methods: The mandibles of 28 patients with skeletal Class Ⅲ prognathism (10 males and 18 females) and 20 normal people(12 males and 8 females) were analyzed on CBCT. The position and course of mandibular canal from the lowest point of mandibular foramen to the first molar were measured at five specific sections from the mandibular foramen to the mandibular first molar area, including inner and outer diameter, mandibular bone thickness ,distance between mandibular canal and distance to the buccal and lingual bone cortex, and the inferior border of mandible bone.

[Retrospective study on postoperative complications and nursing measure for the oldest old patients receiving free flap reconstruction with head and neck cancers].

Purpose: To analyze the postoperative complications and nursing measures for the oldest old patients with head and neck cancer, who received free flap reconstruction.

Methods: A retrospective study for oldest old patients treated in the department of Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology of our hospital from 2005 to 2015 was conducted. All patients with head and neck cancer received free flap reconstruction with age≥85 years were selected.

[Perioperative nursing of zygomatic implant surgery for patients with severe periodontitis].

Purpose: To analyze the perioperative nursing characteristics about severe periodontitis patients with immediate zygomatic implantation, and to summarize the clinical nursing experience.

Methods: Preoperatively, all patients received psychological counseling, oral hygiene instruction, and periodontal care with necessary means after physical examination. Cooperative procedures were preformed between nurses and surgeon during operation.

[Morphometric analysis of maxillofacial bone in 48 patients with ectodermal dysplasia].

Purpose: The study was performed to analyze the maxillofacial morphology of 48 patients with ectodermal dysplasia (ED) and to provide some reference for implant treatment of ED patients.

Methods: The study collected the clinical data and lateral cephalometric radiographs of 48 patients with ED treated between June 2013 and October 2016. The patients were grouped as follows: group 1, 23 patients, at least with two kinds of ectodermal disorder, besides hypodontia; group 2, 25 patients, only with one kind of ectodermal disorder, besides hypodontia.

Chromosome 13q deletion syndrome involving 13q31‑qter: A case report.

Partial deletions on the long arm of chromosome 13 lead to a number of different phenotypes depending on the size and position of the deleted region. The present study investigated 2 patients with 13q terminal (13qter) deletion syndrome, which manifested as anal atresia with rectoperineal fistula, complex type congenital heart disease, esophageal hiatus hernia with gastroesophageal reflux, facial anomalies and developmental and mental retardation. Array comparative genomic hybridization identified 2 regions of deletion on chromosome 13q31‑qter; 20.

CYP17A1 gene mutations and hypertension variations found in 46, XY females with combined 17α-hydroxylase/17, 20-lyase deficiency.

The aim of this study was to analyze the structural consequences of the mutations in CYP17A1 gene and their relationship with the variations of clinical manifestations in three patients who presented with complete or partial combined 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency (17OHD). DNA sequences of the coding exons and intron/exon boundaries of the CYP17A1 gene were analyzed for mutations. In silico analysis with computational three-dimensional model of human P450c17 and multiple alignments analysis were performed to evaluate the spatial conformational changes by missense mutations.

DB-02, a C-6-cyclohexylmethyl substituted pyrimidinone HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor with nanomolar activity, displays an improved sensitivity against K103N or Y181C than S-DABOs.

6-(cyclohexylmethyl)-5-ethyl-2-((2-oxo-2-phenylethyl)thio)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (DB-02) is a member of the newly reported synthetic anti-HIV-1 compounds dihydro-aryl/alkylsulfanyl-cyclohexylmethyl-oxopyrimidines, S-DACOs. In vitro anti-HIV-1 activity and resistance profile studies have suggested that DB-02 has very low cytotoxicity (CC50>1mM) to cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). It displays potent anti-HIV-1 activity against laboratory adapted strains and primary isolated strains including different subtypes and tropism strains (EC50s range from 2.

Identification of immediate early gene X-1 as a cellular target gene of hcmv-mir-UL148D.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a herpesvirus that causes congenital diseases and opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals. Its functional proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs) facilitate efficient viral propagation by altering host cell behavior. The identification of functional target genes of miRNAs is an important step in the study of HCMV pathogenesis.

N-(4-Bromo-phen-yl)-2-[(1-cyclo-hexyl-meth-yl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]-acetamide.

The title compound, C(17)H(21)BrN(4)OS, was synthesized as a potential reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). In the molecule, there is an N-H⋯S hydrogen bond making a five-membered ring. In the crystal, mol-ecules are connected into centrosymmetric dimers via pairs of N-H⋯N and weak C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds.

Two novel mutations in the BCKDHB gene (R170H, Q346R) cause the classic form of maple syrup urine disease (MSUD).

Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that is caused by mutations in the subunits of the branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKD) complex. BCKD is a mitochondrial complex encoded by four nuclear genes (BCKDHA, BCKDHB, DBT, and DLD) and is involved in the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). In this study, we investigated the DNA sequences of BCKDHA, BCKDHB and DBT genes for mutations in a Chinese newborn with the classic form of MSUD and predicted the associated conformational changes using molecular modeling.

Three novel CYP17A1 gene mutations (A82D, R125X, and C442R) found in combined 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency.

The aim of this study was to analyze the structure and functional consequences of 3 novel mutations (A82D, R125X, and C442R) of the CYP17A1 gene found in 2 patients with combined 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency (17OHD). Two Chinese 46, XY female patients were diagnosed with 17OHD based on clinical findings and biochemical results. The CYP17A1 gene was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction direct sequencing.

The feasibility of facial-submental artery island myocutaneous flaps for reconstructing defects of the oral floor following cancer ablation.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of clinically applying facial-submental artery island flaps on primary reconstruction of oral floor defects following cancer ablation.

Study Design: Facial-submental artery island flaps were used to repair defects in the floor of the mouth after cancer ablation in 7 patients (5 men and 2 women; age range, 43-64 years; average age, 51.2 years).

Reverse facial-submental artery island flap for the reconstruction of maxillary defects after cancer ablation.

This study assessed the reliability of the reverse facial-submental artery island flap for reconstructing maxillary defects. Twelve patients with cancer underwent surgical resection and sequential maxillary reconstruction using a reverse facial-submental artery island flap. There were 9 men and 3 women.

[The investigation of the relationship between the phenotypes of 46, XX males and the SRY gene].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the phenotypes in XX male patients and the sex determining region(SRY) gene.

Methods: Multiple polymerase chain reactions were carried out in 6 male patients with karyotype of 46, XX, and then the PCR products were sequenced directly.

Results: Three cases of male infertility were positive for the SRY gene without evident malformation in their extra genitalia, while 3 cases with testes were negative for the SRY gene, with evident malformation in their extra genitalia.

[Therapeutic effects of microendoscopic discectomy (MED) for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation with a follow-up].

Objective: To evaluate mid-term clinical results of microendoscopic discectomy (MED) for the treatment of lumbar disc hermiation.

Methods: In the study, 117 patients were reviewed,including 63 male and 54 female, ranging in age from 24 to 72 years,with an average of 50.6 years.