Cytotoxicity of 4 Wild Mushrooms in a Case of Yunnan Sudden Unexplained Death.

Objectives: To explore the cytotoxicity of four wild mushrooms involved in a case of Yunnan sudden unexplained death (YNSUD), to provide the experimental basis for prevention and treatment of YNSUD.

Methods: Four kinds of wild mushrooms that were eaten by family members in this YNSUD incident were collected and identified by expert identification and gene sequencing. Raw extracts from four wild mushrooms were extracted by ultrasonic extraction to intervene HEK293 cells, and the mushrooms with obvious cytotoxicity were screened by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8).

Functional analysis of HADH c.99C>G shows that the variant causes the proliferation of pancreatic islets and leu-sensitive hyperinsulinaemia.

A novel missense variant (NM_005327.7: c.99C>G, p.

Coassembly of hypoxia-sensitive macrocyclic amphiphiles and extracellular vesicles for targeted kidney injury imaging and therapy.

Background: Hypoxia is a major contributor to global kidney diseases. Targeting hypoxia is a promising therapeutic option against both acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease; however, an effective strategy that can achieve simultaneous targeted kidney hypoxia imaging and therapy has yet to be established. Herein, we fabricated a unique nano-sized hypoxia-sensitive coassembly (Pc/C5A@EVs) via molecular recognition and self-assembly, which is composed of the macrocyclic amphiphile C5A, the commercial dye sulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine (Pc) and mesenchymal stem cell-excreted extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs).

Postmortem Analysis of 4 Mutation Hotspots of KCNQ1, KCNH2, and SCN5A Genes in Sudden Unexplained Death in Southwest of China.

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is known to be involved in some sudden unexplained death (SUD) cases. To make clear whether the pathogenic genes of LQTS are involved in SUD in Yunnan province, southwest of China, we examined 4 mutation hotspot segments of KCNQ1, KCNH2, and SCN5A genes in 83 SUD cases using polymerase chain reaction and direct DNA sequencing. Genomic DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tissues in 83 cases of sudden cardiac death.

[The different contraction between rat gastric longitudinal and circular smooth muscle induced by extracellular nucleotides].

Objective: To test the different contrctile responses of extracellular nucleotides, such as ATP, UTP and nucleotide uridine adenosine tetraphosphate (Up4A) in gastric longitudinal muscle (LM) and circular muscle (CM). Examined the effect of P2X and P2Y receptor antagonists (in this study, we used IP5I and suramin) and cyclooxygenase inhibitor (indomethacin) on Up4A induced contractile responses in LM and CM.

Methods: The rats were sacrificed and the stomachs were opened to gain LM and CM.

Clusters of sudden unexplained death associated with the mushroom, Trogia venenata, in rural Yunnan Province, China.

Introduction: Since the late 1970's, time-space clusters of sudden unexplained death (SUD) in northwest Yunnan, China have alarmed the public and health authorities. From 2006-2009, we initiated enhanced surveillance for SUD to identify a cause, and we warned villagers to avoid eating unfamiliar mushrooms.

Methods: We established surveillance for SUD, defined as follows: sudden onset of serious, unexplained physical impairment followed by death in <24 hours.

[Clinical features of unexpected sudden death clustered in 7 families in Yunnan Province].

Objective: To investigate the clinical features of unexpected sudden death (SUD) clustered in families in Yunnan province.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the clinical features of SUD occurred between July to September 2005 in 7 families in Yunnan province.

Results: All 16 SUD patients shared common clinical features such as fatigue and repeated syncope and one group of SUD patients (n = 8 from 4 families) presented with the gastric intestinal tract manifestations including nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea with suspected dietary history and abnormal laboratory enzyme findings (GOT/GPT, CK/CKMB, LDH/LDH1 etc.

[Morphologic features of sudden cardiac death in Yunnan province, with emphasis on myocarditis].

Objectives: To study the pathologic feature of sudden cardiac death in Yunnan province and to investigate the role of myocarditis.

Methods: During the period from 1991 to 2006, there were 29 cases of sudden cardiac death with autopsy performed. Fourteen of these cases were diagnosed to have myocarditis based on Dallas criteria and World Heart Federation's consensus.

[Investigation and analysis on the incidence of "Yunnan unknown-cause sudden cardiac death" during].

Objective: To understand the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of the "Yunnan unknown-cause sudden cardiac death (YUSCD)".

Methods: Cases of YUSCD occurred in 2002-2004 were investigated with cross-sectional study. Clinical manifestation was observed and analyzed.

[Retrospective study on 116 unexpected sudden cardiac deaths in Yunnan, China].

Objective: To identify the epidemiological and clinical features of unexpected sudden cardiac deaths (SUD) in Yunnan.

Methods: Choosing the old SUD cases from Xiangyun, Heqing, Nanjian and Dayao counties and using the standardized verbal autopsy Form, we interviewed the family members of the cases, witnesses and doctors as well as reviewing their medical files to get relative information.

Results: We identified 116 SUDs in 21 villages from 1984 to 2004.

[A microsatellite marker linked to the stripe rust resistance gene YrV23 in the wheat variety Vilmorin23].

Vilmorin23 is an internationally used differential host variety for studies on the interactions between wheat stripe rust and wheat. It contains the stripe rust resistance gene YrV23 and is potentially an important source of stripe rust resistance worldwide. SSR analysis was performed on the wheat NIL Taichuang 29*6/YrV23 carrying the resistant gene YrV23 against stripe rust, Vilmorin 23 and its recurrent parent Taichung 29.