Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract reverses multidrug resistance in HL-60/ADR cells via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Background And Purpose: Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a great challenge and obstacle in cancer treatment. It is a common problem in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Whether grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) could reverse MDR in patients with AML is still unknown.