Effect of dapagliflozin on renal haemodynamics in hyperfiltering T2D patients.

Aims: To investigate the effect of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor [SGLT-2i] therapy on renal haemodynamics in T2D patients with glomerular hyperfiltration.

Materials And Methods: Sixty T2D patients with elevated [HYPER] and normal [NORMO] GFR were randomized to dapagliflozin 10 mg/day [DAPA/HYPER, n = 15; DAPA/NORMO, n = 15] or to metformin/glipizide [CONTROL/HYPER, n = 15; CONTROL/NORMO, n = 15] to reach similar glycaemic control after 4 months. GFR was measured with Iohexol and hyperfiltration was empirically defined as >125 mL/min/1.

Anion- and Solvent-Induced Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal Transformation within an Iron(II) Triazole System: a Promising Luminescent Probe for CrO and Cyano-Containing Molecules.

Anion- and solvent-induced single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation within an iron(II) triazole system has been generated from {[Fe(TPPT)Cl]·CHCl} (1a) to [Fe(TPPT)(CO)Cl(HO)] (1b). Luminescence studies indicated that the resultant 1b can be considered as a promising luminescent probe for CrO and cyano molecules.

[Osteoprotegerin gene polymorphism and therapeutic response to alendronate in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis].

Objective: To investigate whether the polymorphism of osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene is associated with the change of BMD (bone mineral density) after alendronate therapy in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and determine the correlation between genotypes and therapeutic effect.

Methods: Eighty postmenopausal osteoporotic patients were recruited with an average age of (64.2 +/- 7.

Age-related changes of serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b and the relationship with bone mineral density in Chinese women.

Aim: Osteoclastic activity is mainly assessed by measurement of urinary markers (eg C-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen, N-terminal crosslinked telopeptides of type I collagen, etc), the levels of which could often be affected by renal clearance. Recently, serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP5b) has been used as an alternative serum marker to evaluate osteoclastic activity. We investigated the age-related changes of TRACP5b level and its association with bone mineral density (BMD) in Chinese women.

[Development of a simple predicting tool for low bone mass of postmenopausal women: a study in Shanghai].

Objective: To develop a simple screening tool for low bone mass of postmenopausal women.

Methods: 405 postmenopausal women in Shanghai who visited the department of osteoporosis consecutively, aged 62.8 +/- 8.

Association between SNP and haplotypes in PPARGC1 and adiponectin genes and bone mineral density in Chinese nuclear families.

Aim: To assess the contribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and haplotypes in the peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-gamma co-activator-1 (PPARGC1) and adiponectin genes to normal bone mineral density (BMD) variation in healthy Chinese women and men.

Methods: We performed population-based (ANOVA) and family-based (quantitative trait locus transmission disequilibrium test) association studies of PPARGC1 and adiponectin genes. SNP in the 2 genes were genotyped.

A20 overexpression under control of mouse osteocalcin promoter in MC3T3-E1 cells inhibited tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis.

Aim: To construct an A20 expression vector under the control of mouse osteocalcin promoter (OC-A20), and investigate osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell line, which stably overexpresses A20 protein prevented tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced apoptosis.

Methods: OC-A20 vector was constructed by fusing a fragment of the mouse osteocalcin gene-2 promoter with human A20 complementary DNA. Then the mouse MC3T3-E1 cell line, stably transfected by A20, was established.

[Relationship between the polymorphism of start codon and CDX2 site in vitamin D receptor gene and the effect of calcium supplementation on bone mineral density of postmenopausal women].

Objective: To investigate the association of polymorphisms of start codon (Fok I site) and CDX2 binding site in vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) concerned with the effect of calcium supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers of postmenopausal women.

Methods: Two hundreds unrelated postmenopausal women of Han ethnicity in Shanghai were randomly divided into 2 groups of 100 women: high calcium group (1000 mg element calcium and 400 units of vitamin D were given daily for 12 months) and low calcium group (300 mg element calcium and 300 units of vitamin D were given daily for 12 months). BMD and bone turnover markers were measured at baseline and 12 months after calcium supplementation.

Bone mineral density of the spine and femur in healthy Chinese men.

Aim: To establish bone mineral density (BMD) reference database in healthy Chinese men of Han ethnicity, and to estimate the prevalence of osteoporosis in the population.

Methods: The BMD in the lumbar spine 1-4 (L1-4) and proximal femur was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in a total of 1 385 healthy Chinese men of Han ethnicity aged 20-89 years old in Shanghai.

Results: The highly significant negative correlation between age and BMD at any sites of proximal femur was found in the studied population, wheras no correlation between age and BMD at lumbar spine was observed.

[Do the premenopausal daughters of women with postmenopausal osteoporosis have lower peak bone mass?].

Objective: To determine whether premenopausal daughters of women with postmenopausal osteoporosis have lower peak bone mass than the daughters of normal women the same age, and to analyze the related risk factors affecting bone mass variation.

Methods: 126 pairs of mother with postmenopausal osteoporosis and her premenopausal daughter, and 136 pairs of normal postmenopausal mother and her premenopausal daughter selected for 410 core families including one healthy premenopausal daughter aged 20 - 40, all of Han ethnicity living in Shanghai recruited by advertisement and lectures. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate their dietary custom, Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at lumber spine 1 - 4 (L(1 - 4)) and proximal femur was conducted to measure the values of bone mineral density (BMD).

Association of bone metabolism related genes polymorphisms with the effect of raloxifene hydrochloride on bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Objective: To investigate the association of bone metabolism related genes polymorphisms with the effect of raloxifene hydrochloride(RLX) on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Methods: A total of 68 unrelated postmenopausal women with osteoporosis of Han ethnicity aged 47-74 years were randomly divided into 2 groups of 34 women: RLX group (60 mg were given daily for 12 months) and placebo group. BMD and bone turnover markers were measured at baseline, 6 and 12 months after treatment.

Association of polymorphisms in low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 gene with bone mineral density in postmenopausal Chinese women.

Aim: To investigate the possible association of Q89R, N740N and A1330V polymorphisms in low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) gene with bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal Chinese women.

Methods: Q89R, N740N and A1330V genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 647 unrelated healthy postmenopausal Han Chinese women aged 43-76 years in Shanghai. BMD at lumbar spine 1-4 and the left proximal femur including the femoral neck, trochanter and Ward's triangle were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptionmetry in all subjects.

[Association of Xba I, Pvu II, and Bst U I polymorphisms of estrogen receptor-alpha gene with bone mass in men].

Objective: To investigate the association of polymorphism in estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-alpha ) gene with bone mineral density(BMD) in men.

Methods: The ER-alpha Xba I, Pvu II and Bst UI genotypes were determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in 388 unrelated healthy men who were 46-80 years old and were of Han nationalities in Shanghai city. Bone mineral densities (BMD, g/cm(2)) at lumbar spines 1-4 (L(1-4)) and at any sites of proximal femur, including femoral neck (Neck), trochanter (Troch) and Ward's triangle (Ward's) were measured by duel-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

No major effect of the insulin-like growth factor I gene on bone mineral density in premenopausal Chinese women.

Osteoporosis is a major public health problem, mainly characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD). BMD is a complex trait that is determined by multiple genes. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is an important growth factor of bone and thus IGF-I gene has been considered as an attractive candidate gene for osteoporosis.

Lack of evidence for a major gene in the Mendelian transmission of BMI in Chinese.

Objectives: To determine the heritability of BMI and to examine the mode of inheritance of BMI variation in Chinese.

Research Methods And Procedures: Familial correlation and complex segregation analyses for BMI were undertaken in a Chinese sample composed of 392 nuclear families, with 1190 total individuals.

Results: A moderate heritability was found for BMI (h2 = 0.

[Relationship of msp AI polymorphism in cytochrome P450c 17alpha gene with bone mass and bone size in Shanghai men of Han nationality].

Objective: To investigate the relationship of Msp AI polymorphism in the promoter region of cytochrome P450c 17alpha (CYP17) gene with bone mass and bone size in Shanghai men of Han nationality.

Methods: The CYP17 Msp AI genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in 397 unrelated men (324 healthy men, 73 osteoporosis patients) aged 46-80 years of Han nationality in Shanghai. Bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and bone cross-section area (CSA) at lumber spine 1-4 and at any sites of proximal femur, including femoral neck, trochanter and Ward's triangle were measured by duel-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Association of estrogen receptor-alpha and vitamin D receptor genotypes with therapeutic response to calcium in postmenopausal Chinese women.

Aim: To investigate the correlation between calcium treatment in postmenopausal women and estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-alpha) Xba I and Pvu II genotype and vitamin D receptor (VDR) Apa I genotype.

Methods: One hundred fifteen postmenopausal Chinese women of Han population were enrolled and treated with calcichew-D3 (1000 mg calcium and 400 U vitamin D3) daily for 1 year. At entry and after 1 year treatment, the bone mineral density (BMD), serum and urinary bone turnover biochemical markers were evaluated.

Effects of raloxifene hydrochloride on bone mineral density, bone metabolism and serum lipids in Chinese postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: a multi-center, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Background: Raloxifene has been approved for prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in Caucasian women. It also has some positive effects on serum lipids in Caucasians. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of raloxifene hydrochloride on lumbar spine and total hip bone mineral density (BMD), bone metabolism, and serum lipids in Chinese postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Lack of association between the HindIII RFLP of the osteocalcin (BGP) gene and bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy pre- and postmenopausal Chinese women.

In Caucasian populations, the polymorphic restriction endonuclease HindIII marker of the osteocalcin (also known as BGP, for bone Gla protein) gene has recently been reported to be associated with bone mass, a major risk determinant of osteoporosis. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the BGP HindIII polymorphism and bone mineral density (BMD) in 388 premenopausal (31.18 +/- 5.

Association of vitamin D receptor and estrogen receptor-alpha gene polymorphism with peak bone mass and bone size in Chinese women.

Aim: To investigate if vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene Apa I polymorphism and estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-alpha) gene Pvu II, Xba I polymorphisms are related to bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and bone size in premenopausal Chinese women.

Methods: The VDR Apa I genotype and ER-alpha Pvu II, Xba I genotype were determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in 493 unrelated healthy women aged 20-40 years of Han nationality in Shanghai city. BMD (g/cm(2)), BMC (g), and bone areal size (BAS, cm(2) ) at lumbar spine 1-4 (L(1-4)) and proximal femur (femoral neck, trochanter and Ward's triangle) were measured by duel-energy X-ray absorptionmetry.

[Effect of raloxifene hydrochloride on bone mineral density, bone metabolism and serum lipids in Chinese postmenopausal women with osteoporosis].

Objective: To determine the effect of raloxifene hydrochloride (RLX) on the lumbar spine and total hip bone mineral density (BMD), bone metabolism and serum lipids in Chinese postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Methods: 204 Chinese postmenopausal women with osteoporosis from 3 hospitals in Beijing and Shanghai were randomly divided into 2 groups of 102 women: RLX group (RLX of the dosage of 60 mg/day was given for 12 months) and placebo group. In addition, 500 mg of elemental calcium and 200 units of vitamin D were given daily to all women.

A major gene model of adult height is suggested in Chinese.

Adult height (stature), as a complex quantitative trait, has been studied in different populations. However, few genetic studies on height were performed on the Chinese, the largest population in the world. In this study, familial correlation and segregation analyses were carried out for adult height in a Chinese sample composed of 385 nuclear families with a total of 1,169 informative individuals.

Evidence for a major gene underlying bone size variation in the Chinese.

Osteoporosis is a major public health problem defined as a loss of bone strength, of which bone size is an important determinant. In the present study, familial correlation and segregation analyses for the spine and hip bone sizes were performed for the first time in a Chinese sample composed of 393 nuclear families with a total of 1,193 individuals. The results indicate a major gene of codominant inheritance for spine bone size; however, there is no evidence of a major gene influencing hip bone size.

[Association of Apa I polymorphism of vitamin D receptor gene with bone mass in men].

Objective: To investigate the association of Apa I polymorphism in vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene with bone mass in men.

Methods: The VDR Apa I genotype was determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in 388 unrelated healthy men aged 46-80 years of Han nationality in Shanghai city. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) at lumber spine 1-4 (L1-4) and at any sites of proximal femur including to femoral neck (Neck), trochanter (Troch) and Ward's striangle (Ward's) were measured by duel-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

Parathyroid hormone gene with bone phenotypes in Chinese.

Osteoporosis is a common disorder afflicting old people. The parathyroid hormone (PTH) gene is involved in bone remodeling and calcium homeostasis, and has been considered as an important candidate gene for osteoporosis. In this study, we simultaneously tested linkage and/or association of PTH gene with bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC), two important risk factors for osteoporosis.