Ameliorative effects of wine-steamed Songaria Cynomorium Herb: Chemical characterization by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and modulation of pathophysiology and JAK/STAT signaling pathway in kidney-Yang deficient rats.

Songaria Cynomorium Herb (SCH), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, is recognized for its dual role as both a dietary supplement and a therapeutic agent. It is traditionally reputed to have kidney-tonifying and Yang-strengthening effects, which have made it a common ingredient in nutritious food supplements and health products. This study investigates the underlying mechanisms by which wine-steamed SCH, enhances kidney aphrodisiac qualities, focusing on the tyrosine kinase/signal transduction and transcriptional activation factor (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway.

Associations between exposure to brominated flame retardants and hyperlipidemia risk in U.S. Adults.

Background: Environmental exposure to toxic brominated flame retardants (BFRs) has been confirmed to have detrimental effects on human health. The impact of serum BFRs on hyperlipidemia risk has not been sufficiently examined. Our objective is to identify both the individual and combined effects of serum BFRs on hyperlipidemia and to further investigate the most influential chemicals.

Aerobic exercise improves inflammation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle by regulating miR-221-3p via JAK/STAT signaling pathway.

Background: Exercise improves insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism while the mechanisms remain unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been linked to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and served as a potential therapeutic target. The study aimed to explore how aerobic exercise prevents chronic inflammation and insulin resistance (IR) in skeletal muscle.

Characterization of Cd transport in a typical Tibetan Plateau watershed and an analysis of its climatic drivers.

Under the current global climate change background, the response of soil heavy metals in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau basin to the intensification of climate change is still unclear, leading to the intensification of heavy metal migration in the watershed. We selected cadmium (Cd) in soils of the Taohe River Basin on the Tibetan Plateau as the study object, and established a heavy metal migration simulation model based on the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to estimate the impact of climate change on Cd migration in the basin. The results indicated that the drought indexes and precipitation were the main determinants of the changes in Cd migration in the basin.

Bifunctional transition-metal catalysts for energy-saving hydrogen generation from nitrogenous wastewater.

Wastewater from industrial chemical synthesis, agricultural activities, and domestic sewage usually contains high levels of nitrogenous compounds, endangering environmental health and human well-being. Nitrogenous wastewater electrolysis (NWE), despite its ecological merits, is inherently hampered by sluggish kinetics. To improve process efficiency, lower costs, and avoid cross-contamination between the anode and cathode, a range of bifunctional transition-metal catalysts capable of efficient operation at both electrodes have recently been developed.

Second-Harmonic Generation in Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Cadmium Thiocyanates Containing Terminal Amino Acids.

Using chiral amino acids as terminal ligands, colorless crystals of Cd(SCN)(l-CHNO)(HO)·0.5CHOH () and Cd(SCN)(l-CHNO) () were obtained by a solvent evaporation method. Compound has a layered structure with a moderate second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency (0.

Classifying metro drivers' cognitive distractions during manual operations using machine learning and random forest-recursive feature elimination.

Metro drivers are more likely to trigger accidents if they suffer from cognitive distractions during manual driving. However, identifying metro drivers' cognitive distractions faces challenges as generally no obvious behavior can be found during the distractions. To address the challenge, this paper identifies metro drivers' cognitive distractions based on Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals collected by wearable devices in simulated driving experiments.

Pathogen-derived glyoxylate inhibits Tet2 DNA dioxygenase to facilitate bacterial persister formation.

Pathogenic bacterial persistence enables survival during antibiotic treatment, leading to treatment failure and recurrent infections, yet its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we reveal that glyoxylate, a metabolite originally evolved for alternative carbon utilization, functions as a signaling molecule to reprogram the host transcriptome and promote persister formation. Glyoxylate inhibits the DNA dioxygenase TET2, suppressing pro-inflammatory gene expression and attenuating host immune defense.

The burden of rheumatoid arthritis in China from 1990 to 2019 and projections to 2030.

Objectives: This study investigates the independent effects of age, period, and cohort on RA in China from 1990 to 2019, with a comparative analysis by gender, and projects the future burden of RA over the next decade.

Study Design: A comprehensive analysis was performed using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019.

Methods: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study in 2019.

ATG6 interacting with NPR1 increases resistance to DC3000/ by increasing its nuclear accumulation and stability.

Autophagy-related gene 6 (ATG6) plays a crucial role in plant immunity. Nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related genes 1 (NPR1) acts as a signaling hub of plant immunity. However, the relationship between ATG6 and NPR1 is unclear.

Synthesis of Multisubstituted Arylnitriles TfO-Mediated Benzannulation of Enaminones with Acylacetonitriles.

A novel and efficient method for the synthesis of multisubstituted arylnitriles TfO-mediated [3 + 2 + 1] benzannulation of enaminones and acylacetonitriles has been developed. This reaction proceeds under mild conditions with excellent functional group compatibility. Mechanistic studies have revealed that the cyclization involves two consecutive nucleophilic additions, followed by a cascade Knoevenagel condensation and aromatization.

Stress Response Kinase MK2 Induces Non-canonical Activation of EphA2 in EML4-ALK Lung Cancer Cells.

The non-canonical phosphorylation of the receptor tyrosine kinase ephrin type-A receptor 2 (EphA2) at Ser-897 plays crucial roles in tumor progression in a tyrosine kinase-independent manner. This phosphorylation is catalyzed by p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK), a kinase downstream of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). We recently reported that stress-responsive kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2), instead of ERK, regulates RSK under cellular stress conditions; however, the function of MK2 in ERK-activated cells is still unknown.

Stiffness regulates extracellular matrix synthesis in fibroblasts by DDR1-TGF-β/STAT3 mechanotransduction axis.

For a long time, research on atherosclerosis (AS) has mainly focused on endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in blood vessels. Fibroblasts, however, being the major component in adventitia, little is known about their role. Fibroblasts are highly plastic cells, capable of undergoing phenotypic changes in response to various extracellular signals.

Association of weekend catch-up sleep with depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Weekend catch-up sleep (WCS) may alleviate weekday sleep deprivation, but its relationship with depression risk remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to explore the association between WCS and depression risk.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus for observational studies published up to June 1, 2024.

Primary aldosteronism classification with 18-oxocortisol and Ga-pentixafor PET/CT.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the non-invasive and accurate evaluation methods of primary aldosteronism (PA) classification.

Methods: There were 99 patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and 61 with idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA) recruited in this study. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and Ga-pentixafor PET/CT were performed in this cohort.

The mixed auto-/allooctoploid genome of Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica) provides insights into its polyploid origin and invasiveness.

Reynoutria japonica Houtt. (Polygonaceae), a traditional Chinese medicine, is one of the top 100 most destructive invasive species worldwide due to its aggressive growth and strong adaptability. Here, we report an 8.

A novel biosensor for highly sensitive DNA damage detection using TdT and CRISPR-Cas12a.

This study presents a highly sensitive fluorescence biosensor integrating TdT enzyme and CRISPR-Cas12a for precise detection of sperm DNA damage, achieving a detection limit of 0.99 pM and a linear range of 0.001-0.

Effect of vestibular rehabilitation treatment (VRT) on patients with unsteadiness after intratympanic gentamicin in Menière's disease: protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Menière's disease (MD) is a multifactorial disease characterised by recurring vertigo, tinnitus and fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss as typical clinical symptoms. For patients with MD with poor response to non-invasive treatments, it is recommended to use intratympanic gentamicin treatment. The destruction of vestibular organs by gentamicin may cause residual vestibular symptoms, notably unsteadiness.

The lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2-macroautophagy pathway is involved in the regulatory effects of hippocampal aromatase on Aβ accumulation and AD-like behavior.

Aims: Hippocampal aromatase (AROM) knockdown induces Aβ accumulation and Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like spatial learning and memory impairment, and early hippocampal AROM overexpression in APP/PS1 mice prevents Aβ deposition and memory loss later in life. The aim of this study was to elucidate the underlying mechanism and provide novel prevention and treatment targets for AD.

Materials And Methods: AROM-inhibiting viral vectors were constructed and injected into the hippocampi of adult female mice, after which label-free LC-MS/MS proteomics and bioinformatics analysis were conducted.

Biotic and abiotic transformations of aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF)-derived emerging polyfluoroalkyl substances in aerobic soil slurry.

The severe contamination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF)-affected soil and groundwater has raised global concerns. Although extensive studies on the transformation of electrochemical fluorination (ECF)-based PFAS in soil exist, limited research on AFFF-derived emerging fluorotelomer (FT) compounds has been conducted. Herein, a total of 38 PFAS were identified in a composite AFFF formulation through suspect and nontarget screening using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), and emerging 6:2 FT compounds were particularly prominent.

Irisin alleviates hepatic steatosis by activating the autophagic SIRT3 pathway.

Background: Disruption of hepatic lipid homeostasis leads to excessive hepatic triglyceride accumulation and the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Autophagy, a critical process in liver lipid metabolism, is impaired in MASLD pathogenesis. Irisin, a skeletal muscle-driven myokine, regulates lipid metabolism, but its impact on hepatic lipid metabolism is not well understood.

Distinct binding affinity of perfluoroalkyl acids to plant and animal proteins revealed by dialysis experiments, fluorescence spectroscopy, and QSAR modeling.

Understanding the binding dynamics between perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) and proteins is crucial for risk assessment, as protein binding plays a vital role in the bioaccumulation of PFAAs. This study employed dialysis experiments to measure the protein-water partition coefficient of PFAAs with representative plant and animal proteins, including standard bovine serum albumin, soy protein isolate, and C-phycocyanin. Fluorescence spectroscopy was investigated to elucidate the binding affinity of PFAAs on bovine serum albumin (BSA).

LINC01235 Promotes Clonal Evolution through DNA Replication Licensing-Induced Chromosomal Instability in Breast Cancer.

Despite the development of HER2-targeting drugs such as trastuzumab and T-DXd, treatment resistance is a substantial challenge, often leading to relapse and distant metastasis. Tumor heterogeneity in HER2-positive breast cancer drives the evolution of resistant clones following therapeutic stress. However, the targetable drivers of anti-HER2 treatment resistance are not thoroughly identified.

Coffee intake, plasma caffeine levels, and diabetic microvascular complications: A Mendelian randomization study.

Background And Aim: Diabetic microvascular complications pose significant health challenges for individuals. The influence of modifiable lifestyle factors, such as coffee intake, on these complications has not been conclusively determined, highlighting the need for a causality assessment.

Methods And Results: Utilizing Mendelian randomization (MR), this study explored the causal links between coffee intake, plasma caffeine levels, and diabetic microvascular complications using data from FinnGen.