Effects of γ-ray irradiation on insect pests, physicochemical properties, and microbial community of strong-flavor Daqu during maturation.

Daqu is the fermentation starter of Chinese Baijiu, which is one of the six major types of liquor in the world. However, the incubation and maturation processes of Daqu are prone to infestation by pests, resulting in compromised quality and decreased grade. Irradiation technology, as an effective insecticide, has been applied to the insecticide treatment of grain.

Regulation of the immune microenvironment by SUMO in diabetes mellitus.

Post-translational modifications such as SUMOylation are crucial for the functionality and signal transduction of a diverse array of proteins. Analogous to ubiquitination, SUMOylation has garnered significant attention from researchers and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various human diseases in recent years, such as cancer, neurological lesions, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and so on. The pathogenesis of diabetes, particularly type 1 and type 2 diabetes, has been closely associated with immune dysfunction, which constitutes the primary focus of this review.

Identification of Antemortem and Postmortem Injuries in Nude Mice Based on Microbial Communities.

Objectives: To establish antemortem and postmortem injury models in nude mice, observe the morphological changes of the wounds and the changes of the microbial communities in the wounds at different time points after the injury, and analyze the differences between antemortem and postmortem wounds.

Methods: Abdominal injury models were established in 48 BALB/c nude mice, which were classified into antemortem injury, 4 h and 72 h postmortem injury groups, and the gross manifestations and histopathological changes were observed on days 1, 3, 5, 8, 11 and 15 after injury. The microbial communities in the wounds were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing technology.

Guideline-based bismuth quadruple therapy for helicobacter pylori infection in China: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Currently, quadruple therapy is unanimously recommended as the current first-line treatment option for Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) eradication. However, the drug composition of quadruple therapy is very complex, and the efficacy and safety between them is not clear.

Characterization of the Expression and Role of Striatin-Interacting Protein 2 in Mouse Cochlea.

Hypothesis: In this study, we aimed to examine the cochlear expression pattern and function of Striatin-interacting protein 2 (STRIP2) by using animal models.

Background: Sensorineural hearing loss often results from genetic defects in hair cell (HC) development and function. STRIP2 is a part of the striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complex, which plays important regulatory roles in cell fate determination, proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, and cell morphology.

The Relationship Between Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis of 22 Cases of Tubular Breast Carcinoma.

Breast tubular carcinoma is a special pathological type of invasive breast cancer, accounting for about 0.8% to 10.0% of breast cancer cases, and it is a rare type of breast cancer.

Unexpected HBsAg decrease after nucleoside analogues retreatment among HBeAg positive postpartum women: a pilot study.

Background: Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is one of the main routes of transmission of HBV, and previous studies focused on the efficacy and safety of nucleoside analogues (NAs) in preventing MTCT. There are limited data on virologic changes of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients after discontinuing treatment postpartum and the efficacy of retreatment.

Methods: A retrospective-prospective real-world pilot cohort study on pregnant women with CHB was conducted.

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals molecular mechanisms of resistance in Chinese cabbage to pathotype 11.

Background And Aims: Clubroot caused by the soilborne obligate parasite , is a devastating disease of Chinese cabbage and other crucifers. The innate diversity and adaptability of this pathogen pose significant challenges to effective control measures. However, the varied response mechanisms exhibited by hosts to pathotype 11 at a molecular level are still unclear.

Effect of Eurotium cristatum fermentation on chemical composition and hypoglycemic and sedative activities of Anji Baicha (Camellia sinensis).

Anji Baicha (Camellia sinensis), one of the top 10 teas in China, possesses old leaves rich in bioactive ingredients yet is frequently discarded due to inferior taste. This study evaluated the effects of fermentation with Eurotium cristatum, a probiotic known to enhance bioactivity, on the primary nutrients and on the hypoglycemic and sedative properties of old leaves of Anji Baicha. Results indicated a considerable reduction in free amino acids and tea polyphenols post-fermentation.

Oxytocin lipidation expanding therapeutics for long-term reversal of autistic behaviors in rats.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in social interaction and repetitive, stereotyped behaviors. There is no universally effective pharmacological treatment targeting its core symptoms.Oxytocin, an endogenous polypeptide known as the "social hormone", has shown potential in improving emotional recognition and social interactions in individuals with ASD.

Association between heavy metals and risk of cardiovascular diseases in US adults with prediabetes from NHANES 2011-2018.

Background: The association of plasma metals on the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in adults with prediabetes remains poorly investigated. To assess the association between plasma metal exposure and the risk of CVD in prediabetic adults in the United States using five plasma metals.

Methods: Five cycles of data (2011-2012, 2013-2014, 2015-2016, and 2017-2018) from the NHANES were adopted in this study.

Hepatitis B core-related antigen as a promising serological marker for monitoring hepatitis B virus cure.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health concern. The current sequential endpoints for the treatment of HBV infection include viral suppression, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion, functional cure, and covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) clearance. Serum hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) is an emerging HBV marker comprising three components: HBeAg, hepatitis B core antigen, and p22cr.

Clinical Characteristics During and After COVID-19 Infection Among Healthcare Workers During the First Wave of Omicron in Chongqing, China.

Background: Revealing the clinical manifestations and associations of COVID-19 before and after negative transition remains an area of significant uncertainty. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics observed during and after Omicron infection among a specific population, namely healthcare workers (HCWs).

Methods: From November 4, 2022, to January 15, 2023, HCWs in our hospital were enrolled to document clinical symptoms, prevention, and treatment for COVID-19 using a structured questionnaire.

A Comprehensive Analysis of a Social Intelligence Dataset and Response Tendencies Between Large Language Models (LLMs) and Humans.

In recent years, advancements in the interaction and collaboration between humans and have garnered significant attention. Social intelligence plays a crucial role in facilitating natural interactions and seamless communication between humans and Artificial Intelligence (AI). To assess AI's ability to understand human interactions and the components necessary for such comprehension, datasets like Social-IQ have been developed.

DynamicVLN: Incorporating Dynamics into Vision-and-Language Navigation Scenarios.

Traditional Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) tasks require an agent to navigate static environments using natural language instructions. However, real-world road conditions such as vehicle movements, traffic signal fluctuations, pedestrian activity, and weather variations are dynamic and continually changing. These factors significantly impact an agent's decision-making ability, underscoring the limitations of current VLN models, which do not accurately reflect the complexities of real-world navigation.

Identification of characteristic flavor compounds in steamed and baked Hu sheep mutton.

The advancement in heat treatment technology has spurred the innovation of various smart cooking appliances, including the steam roaster. Consequently, the technique of synchronized steaming and baking has emerged as a novel form of thermal processing. Therefore, the effects of baking, steaming, steaming-baking heating modes on the flavor of Hu sheep mutton were evaluated.

Artesunate-multiple pharmacological effects beyond treating malaria.

Artesunate, a semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin, is not only recommended as the first-line drug for treating severe malaria but is also a significant member of Artemisinin-based Combination Therapies (ACTs), used in combination with other artemisinin derivatives for treating uncomplicated malaria. Beyond its potent anti-malarial activity, artesunate has garnered considerable attention for its pharmacological effects, which encompass broad-spectrum anti-tumor, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory properties. It has collectively demonstrated superior drug tolerance, low toxicity, and mild side effects in cell line experiments in vitro, experimental animal models, and clinical drug researches, as a monotherapy or in combination with other agents.

Tea polyphenol-loaded chitosan/pectin nanoparticle as a nucleating agent for slurry ice production and its application in preservation of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea).

Slurry ice preparation experiences considerable supercooling, which can be mitigated by nano-nucleating agents. A nano-nucleating agent (CH/PE-TP NPs) was prepared by ultrasonication-assistant self-assembly of chitosan (CH) and pectin (PE), encapsulated with tea polyphenols (TP). Ultrasonication for 10 min downsized self-assembled aggregates from 5.

Odor-induced saltiness enhancement of volatile compounds screened from duck stewed with chili pepper.

Odor-induced saltiness enhancement (OISE) is thought to be a unique salt reduction technique which capitalizes on olfactory-gustatory interaction. Volatile compounds of stewed duck obtained from orthonasal (no-treatment) and retronasal (saliva-treatment) pathways and their capacity on OISE were analyzed by GC-O-MS and molecular simulation in order to ascertain the role of odors in duck stewed with chili pepper on saltiness enhancement. Totally 17 unique volatile compounds were identified in retronasal pathways.

Combined pollution of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in non-ferrous metal smelting wastewater treatment plant: Distribution profiles, removal efficiency, and ecological risks to receiving river.

Combined pollution status of heavy metals (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from non-ferrous metal smelting (NFMS) industry is crucial but has not been explored. Herein, the co-distribution of HMs and PAHs in a NFMS wastewater treatment plant and the impacts on the receiving river were investigated. Cu, As, and Ni were found to be the characteristic HMs, while Acenaphthylene was the characteristic PAHs in the NFMS wastewater.

Numerical assessment of portal pressure gradient (PPG) based on clinically measured hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) for liver cirrhosis patients.

Portal hypertension (PH) is the initial and main consequence of liver cirrhosis. Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement has been widely used to estimate portal pressure gradient (PPG) and detect portal hypertension. However, some clinical studies have found poor correlation between HVPG and PPG, which may lead to the misdiagnosis of portal hypertension.

Recent advances of antibody-drug conjugates in treating breast cancer with different HER2 status.

Despite the availability of multiple treatment options for breast cancer, challenges such as adverse events, drug resistance, and disease progression persist for patients. The identification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) as an oncogenic driver in a subset of breast cancers, alongside the development of HER2-targeted therapies, has significantly improved the prognosis of HER2-amplified breast cancers. However, therapeutic options remain limited for HER2-overexpressing or HER2-negative breast cancers.

Label credibility correction based on cell morphological differences for cervical cells classification.

Cervical cancer is one of the deadliest cancers that pose a significant threat to women's health. Early detection and treatment are commonly used methods to prevent cervical cancer. The use of pathological image analysis techniques for the automatic interpretation of cervical cells in pathological slides is a prominent area of research in the field of digital medicine.

Viral-Mediated Connexin 26 Expression Combined with Dexamethasone Rescues Hearing in a Conditional Gjb2 Null Mice Model.

GJB2 encodes connexin 26 (Cx26), the most commonly mutated gene causing hereditary non-syndromic hearing loss. Cx26 is mainly expressed in supporting cells (SCs) and fibrocytes in the mammalian cochlea. Gene therapy is currently considered the most promising strategy for eradicating genetic diseases.