Increased splicing of CXCR3 isoform B (CXCR3B) by impaired NRF2 signaling leads to melanocyte apoptosis in active vitiligo.

Apoptotic melanocytes (MCs) may release neoantigenic epitopes preceding epidermal infiltration by autoreactive CD8 T cells in early vitiligo. However, the mechanism by which vitiligo MCs are prone to apoptosis under oxidative stress remains elusive. Pro-apoptotic receptor C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 isoform B (CXCR3B) is critical for inducing MC apoptosis in the inflammatory microenvironment of lesional vitiligo skin.

Trophic Transfer of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in the Tomato- Food Chain: Effects on Phyllosphere Microbiota, Insect Oxidative Stress, and Gut Microbiome.

Understanding the trophic transfer and ecological cascade effects of nanofertilizers and nanopesticides in terrestrial food chains is crucial for assessing their nanotoxicity and environmental risks. Herein, the trophic transfer of LaO (nLaO) and CuO (nCuO) nanoparticles from tomato leaves to (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) caterpillars and their subsequent effects on caterpillar growth and intestinal health were investigated. We found that 50 mg/L foliar nLaO and nCuO were transferred from tomato leaves to , with particulate trophic transfer factors of 1.

The emerging role of nuclear receptor coactivator 4 in health and disease: a novel bridge between iron metabolism and immunity.

Nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4) has recently been recognized as a selective cargo receptor of ferritinophagy participating in ferroptosis. However, NCOA4 is also a coactivator that modulates the transcriptional activity of many vital nuclear receptors. Recent novel studies have documented the role of NCOA4 in healthy and pathogenic conditions via its modulation of iron- and non-iron-dependent metabolic pathways.

Selenium Nanomaterials Enhance Sheath Blight Resistance and Nutritional Quality of Rice: Mechanisms of Action and Human Health Benefit.

In the current work, the foliar application of selenium nanomaterials (Se NMs) suppressed sheath blight in rice (). The beneficial effects were nanoscale specific and concentration dependent. Specifically, foliar amendment of 5 mg/L Se NMs decreased the disease severity by 68.

Selenium Nanomaterials Enhance the Nutrients and Functional Components of Fuding Dabai Tea.

Theanine, polyphenols, and caffeine not only affect the flavor of tea, but also play an important role in human health benefits. However, the specific regulatory mechanism of Se NMs on fat-reducing components is still unclear. In this study, the synthesis of fat-reducing components in Fuding Dabai (FDDB) tea was investigated.

Toxic mechanism in Daphnia magna due to phthalic acid esters and CuO nanoparticles co-exposure: The insight of physiological, microbiomic and metabolomic profiles.

Various phthalic acid esters (PAEs) such as dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) co-exist with nanopollutants in aquatic environment. In this study, Daphnia magna was exposed to nano-CuO and DBP or BBP at environmental relevant concentrations for 21-days to investigate these combined toxic effects. Acute EC values (48 h) of nano-CuO, DBP, and BBP were 12.

Nano-CeO activates physical and chemical defenses of garlic (Allium sativum L.) for reducing antibiotic resistance genes in plant endosphere.

The transmission of manure- and wastewater-borne antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) to plants contributes to the proliferation of antimicrobial resistance in agriculture, necessitating effective strategies for preventing the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from ARB in the environment to humans. Nanomaterials are potential candidates for efficiently controlling the dissemination of ARGs. The present study investigated the abundance of ARGs in hydroponically grown garlic (Allium sativum L.

Both nanoplastic and iron mineral types determine their heteroaggregation: Aggregation kinetics and interface process.

Nanoplastics (NPs) inevitably interact with iron minerals (IMs) after being released into aquatic environments, changing their transport and fate. In this study, batch heteroaggregation kinetics of four types of NPs, i.e.

Signaling pathways and potential therapeutic targets in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common condition associated with critically ill patients, characterized by bilateral chest radiographical opacities with refractory hypoxemia due to noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. Despite significant advances, the mortality of ARDS remains unacceptably high, and there are still no effective targeted pharmacotherapeutic agents. With the outbreak of coronavirus disease 19 worldwide, the mortality of ARDS has increased correspondingly.

Size-dependent photocatalytic inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa and degradation of microcystin by a copper metal organic framework.

Water eutrophication has led to increasingly serious algal blooms (HABs) that pose significant threats to aquatic environmental and human health. Differently sized copper metal organic frameworks (Cu-MOFs), including Cu-MOF-1 (30 nm), Cu-MOF-2, (40 nm), Cu-MOF-3 (50 nm), and Cu-MOF-4 (1 µm×100 nm), were synthesized. Their performance in inactivating Microcystis aeruginosa and degrading microcystin was assessed at the concentration of 0-60 mg/L under visible light irradiation for 6 h.

Selenium nanomaterials alleviate Brassica chinensis L cadmium stress: Reducing accumulation, regulating microorganisms and activating glutathione metabolism.

Agricultural heavy metal contamination can cause significant crop damage, highlighting the urgent need to mitigate its negative effects. Under Cd stress, selenium nanomaterials (Se NMs, 2 mg kg) can significantly improve Brassica chinensis L. root growth and vigor, enhance photosynthesis (31.

Lanthanum Silicate Nanomaterials Enhance Sheath Blight Resistance in Rice: Mechanisms of Action and Soil Health Evaluation.

In the current study, foliar spray with lanthanum (La) based nanomaterials (LaSiO nanorods, LaSiO nanoparticle, La(OH) nanorods, and LaO nanoparticle) suppressed the occurrence of sheath blight () in rice. The beneficial effects were morphology-, composition-, and concentration-dependent. Foliar application of LaSiO nanorods (100 mg/L) yielded the greatest disease suppression, significantly decreasing the disease severity by 62.

Biomass-derived carbon dots with light conversion and nutrient provisioning capabilities facilitate plant photosynthesis.

Carbon dots (CDs)-enabled agriculture has been developing rapidly, but small-scale synthesis and high costs hinder the agricultural application of CDs. Herein, biomass-derived carbon dots (B-CDs) were prepared on a gram-level with low cost, and these B-CDs significantly improved crop photosynthesis. The B-CDs, exhibiting small size and blue fluorescence, were absorbed by crops and enhanced photosynthesis via light-harvesting.

The Mechanism of Manganese Ferrite Nanomaterials Promoting Drought Resistance in Rice.

Strategies to reduce the risk of drought damage are urgently needed as intensified climate change threatens agricultural production. One potential strategy was using nanomaterials (NMs) to enhance plant resistance by regulating various physiological and biochemical processes. In the present study, 10 mg kg manganese ferrite (MnFeO) NMs had the optimal enhancement to elevate the levels of biomass, photosynthesis, nutrient elements, and polysaccharide in rice by 10.

Mechanistic investigation of enhanced bacterial soft rot resistance in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) with elemental sulfur nanomaterials.

Crop diseases significantly threaten global food security and will worsen with a changing climate. Elemental sulfur nanomaterials (S NMs) were used to suppress bacterial pathogen Pectobacterium carotovorum on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.).

Crosstalk between in situ root exudates and rhizobacteria to promote rice growth by selenium nanomaterials.

Maximizing the potential of plant-microbe systems offers great opportunities to confront sustainability issues in agroecosystems. However, the dialog between root exudates and rhizobacteria remains largely unknown. As a novel nanofertilizer, nanomaterials (NMs) have significant potential to improve agricultural productivity due to their unique properties.

CeO Nanoparticles-Regulated Plasmid Uptake and Bioavailability for Reducing Transformation of Extracellular Antibiotic Resistance Genes.

The direct uptake of extracellular DNA (eDNA) via transformation facilitates the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment. CeO nanoparticles (NPs) have potential in the regulation of conjugation-dominated ARGs propagation, whereas their effects on ARGs transformation remain largely unknown. Here, CeO NPs at concentrations lower than 50 mg L have been applied to regulate the transformation of plasmid-borne ARGs to competent () cells.

Nanomaterial Size and Surface Modification Mediate Disease Resistance Activation in Cucumber ().

Crop disease represents a serious and increasing threat to global food security. Lanthanum oxide nanomaterials (LaO NMs) with different sizes (10 and 20 nm) and surface modifications (citrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone [PVP], and poly(ethylene glycol)) were investigated for their control of the fungal pathogen f. sp on six-week-old cucumber () in soil.

Acceleration of melanocyte senescence by the proinflammatory cytokines IFNγ and TNFα impairs the repigmentation response of vitiligo patients to narrowband ultraviolet B (NBUVB) phototherapy.

Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the T helper 1 (Th1) cytokine-driven immune destruction of melanocytes (MCs). Although narrowband ultraviolet B (NBUVB) phototherapy has been proven to be an effective therapeutic option, the repigmentation response to that phototherapy varies greatly in different vitiligo patients. Here, we demonstrate that there is an increase of NBUVB-induced cellular senescence in vitiligo MCs exposed to Th1 cytokine interferon γ (IFNγ) and/or tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) in lesional vitiligo skin from poor responders who had undergone NBUVB phototherapy.