Mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandland holistic protection and restoration engineering and landscape ecology.

Theoretical researches and practices on the life community of mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandland mosaic and its protection and restoration have been gradually developed in China, which demands the support of a systematic disciplinary theory. Landscape ecology, as an interdisciplinary science of geography and ecology, can meet such demand thanks to its macroscopic spatial theory and technical system. Here, landscape ecology is taken as the supporting discipline of holistic protection and restoration for mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-sandland mosaic.

Atomic-scale probing of heterointerface phonon bridges in nitride semiconductor.

Interface phonon modes that are generated by several atomic layers at the heterointerface play a major role in the interface thermal conductance for nanoscale high-power devices such as nitride-based high-electron-mobility transistors and light-emitting diodes. Here we measure the local phonon spectra across AlN/Si and AlN/Al interfaces using atomically resolved vibrational electron energy-loss spectroscopy in a scanning transmission electron microscope. At the AlN/Si interface, we observe various interface phonon modes, of which the extended and localized modes act as bridges to connect the bulk AlN modes and bulk Si modes and are expected to boost the phonon transport, thus substantially contributing to interface thermal conductance.

Role of Adsorption Orientation in Surface Plasmon-Driven Coupling Reactions Studied by Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

In the field of surface plasmon-mediated photocatalysis, the coupling reactions of p-aminothiophenol (PATP) and p-nitrothiophenol (PNTP) to produce p, p'-dimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB) are the most widely investigated systems. However, a clear understanding of the structure-function relationship is still required. Here, we used tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) to study the coupling reactions of PATP and PNTP on well-defined Ag(111) and Au(111) surfaces using 632.

[Landscape pattern change and simulation in the SanJiang Plain based on the CLUE-S model.].

The SanJiang Plain is one of the most concentrated and contiGuous area of marshes, which plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining regional ecological security. Based on the 3S technology, we examined the changes in land use and landscape pattern of the SanJiang Plain from 1980 to 2010. The results showed that marshland area lost 7135 km, with a loss rate of 59.

High lncRNA H19 expression as prognostic indicator: data mining in female cancers and polling analysis in non-female cancers.

Upregulation of lncRNA H19 expression is associated with an unfavorable prognosis in some cancers. However, the prognostic value of H19 in female-specific cancers has remained uncharacterized. In this study, the prognostic power of high H19 expression in female cancer patients from the TCGA datasets was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox's proportional hazard modeling.

[Spatial distribution of human activities and their influences on landscape patterns in Daqingshan Nature Reserve].

Based on forest inventory data and field survey information, and by using GIS spatial analysis technique and landscape indices, this paper studied the spatial distribution of three categories of human activities (settlement, roads, and other sources of disturbances) and their impacts on landscape patterns in three sub-divided regions, i. e., the west, central and east regions of the Daqingshan Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia.

Alpha-lipoic acid protects against methylmercury-induced neurotoxic effects via inhibition of oxidative stress in rat cerebral cortex.

MeHg is one of the environmental pollutants that lead to oxidative stress and an indirect excitotoxicity caused by altered glutamate (Glu) concentration. However, little was known of the interaction. Therefore, we developed a rat model of MeHg poisoning to explore its neurotoxic effects, and whether LA could attenuate MeHg-induced neurotoxicity.

Anti-hepatoma human single-chain Fv antibody and adriamycin conjugates with potent antitumor activity.

To construct an improved biological missile, an immunoconjugate ADM-Dex-ScFv-SA3 was synthesized, which was composed of a hepatocellular carcinoma-specific, single-chain Fv antibody (ScFv-SA3) and a highly potent cytotoxic drug, adriamycin (ADM), as the warhead. Oxidized Dextran T10 (Dex-T10) was used as a linker to connect these two moieties. The 40 KD soluble anti-hepatoma human Trx-ScFv-SA3 protein was expressed in E.

[Effects of forest ownership regime on landscape pattern and animal habitat: a review].

In some European and North American countries where forestry is highly developed, both public and private forest ownership regimes have being existed for a long time. Currently, the researches about both the dynamics of forest landscape and habitat pattern and the relationship between habitat pattern and biological conservation in multi-ownership forest landscape are increasingly becoming important. This paper reviewed the effects of multi-ownership regime on forest landscape pattern and animal habitat and emphasized on the ecological consequences of forest parcelization and land divestiture, including the provision of diverse habitats and fragmentation of the existing large-area habitat.

A monoclonal antibody against the extracellular domain of p75 neurotrophin receptor.

The aim of this study was to prepare and identify a monoclonal antibody against the extracellular domain of p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR-ECD), which will be used in diagnostics, therapeutics, and as a tool in understanding the role of P75NTR in pathogenesis of neuronal degenerative diseases and cancers. In this study, hybridoma technique was used for production of anti-p75NTR-ECD monoclonal antibody. BALB/c mice were immunized with p75NTR-ECD recombinant protein.

[Impacts of road network on forest landscape pattern in Great Xing' an Mountains of Northeast China].

By characterizing the composition of road network in the Huzhong Forestry Bureau in Great Xing' an Mountains, Northeast China, we investigated the effects of road networks on landscape pattern by quantifying 1989 landscape pattern for each of the 17 forestry farms on maps with and without roads by principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that road networks, including the main and secondary timber-transport roads, were distributed evenly among the observed 17 forestry farms with a density of 2.3 m x hm(-2) and spread along the river networks throughout each farm.

Construction and development of a mammalian cell-based full-length antibody display library for targeting hepatocellular carcinoma.

We present a detailed method for constructing a mammalian cell-based full-length antibody display library for targeting hepatocellular carcinoma. Two novel mammalian library vectors pcDNA3-CHm and pcDNA3-CLm were constructed that contained restriction enzyme sites NheI, ClaI and antibody constant domain. Mammalian expression vector pcDNA3-CHm contains IgG heavy-chain (HC) constant region and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor (GPI) that could be anchored full-length antibodies on the surface of mammalian cells.

GABA stimulates human hepatocellular carcinoma growth through overexpressed GABAA receptor theta subunit.

Aim: To investigate the function of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor θ subunit (GABRQ) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction was used for detecting the expression of GABRQ receptor among HCC cell line HepG2, normal liver cell line L-02, non-malignant Chang's liver cells, 8 samples of HCC tissues and paired non-cancerous tissues. HepG2 cells were treated with GABA at serial concentrations (0, 1, 10, 20, 40 and 60 μmol/L), and their proliferating abilities were analyzed with the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, cell cycle analysis and tumor implanted in nude mice.

Preparation of human scFv antibody against nasopharyngeal carcinoma and identification of its specificity.

Unlabelled: Abstract Conclusion: The selected scFv antibody could specifically recognize and target nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and could be applied to clinical diagnosis and therapy.

Objective: The aim was to construct and screen fully human anti-NPC single chain Fv fusion phage libraries, and to identify the specificity of the scFv antibody.

Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with NPC were immunized in vitro by NPC cells and transformed by Epstein-Barr virus.

Spaceflight alters the gene expression profile of cervical cancer cells.

Our previous study revealed that spaceflight induced biological changes in human cervical carcinoma Caski cells. Here, we report that 48A9 cells, which were subcloned from Caski cells, experienced significant growth suppression and exhibited low tumorigenic ability after spaceflight. To further understand the potential mechanism at the transcriptional level, we compared gene expression between 48A9 cells and ground control Caski cells with suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and reverse Northern blotting methods, and analyzed the relative gene network and molecular functions with the Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) program.

[Management modes of different ownership forests and their ecological effects: a review].

China is in a critical period for the ownership reform of state-owned and collectively owned forests, which desiderates theoretical support and practical experience. However, the researches on the management modes of these forests and their ecological effects are scarce. In Europe and America, manifold ownership forest management has a long history, and relevant experts have made many researches on the ownership management contents and modes, as well as their effects on forest timber productivity, biodiversity, and landscape feature.

[Application of small remote sensing satellite constellations for environmental hazards in wetland landscape mapping: taking Liaohe Delta, Liaoning Province of Northeast China as a case].

To timely and accurately acquire the spatial distribution pattern of wetlands is of significance for the dynamic monitoring, conservation, and sustainable utilization of wetlands. The small remote sensing satellite constellations A/B stars (HJ-1A/1B stars) for environmental hazards were launched by China for monitoring terrestrial resources, which could provide a new data source of remote sensing image acquisition for retrieving wetland types. Taking Liaohe Delta as a case, this paper compared the accuracy of wetland classification map and the area of each wetland type retrieved from CCD data (HJ CCD data) and TM5 data, and validated and explored the applicability and the applied potential of HJ CCD data in wetland resources dynamic monitoring.

[Interaction between pest and fire disturbances in Huzhong area of Great Xing' an Mountains: long-term simulation].

Forest pest and forest fire are the two major disturbances of forest ecosystem, and there exists definite interaction between the disturbances at large spatial and temporal scales. In this paper, the spatially intuitional landscape model (LANDIS) was adopted to simulate the long-term (300 years) interaction between forest pest and forest fire in Huzhong area of Great Xing' an Mountains. The results showed that pest disturbance decreased the fine fuel load, increased the coarse fuel load at the early (0-100 a) and middle (100-200 a) stages of simulation course, and decreased the fire frequency at the early and middle stages.

[Spatiotemporal differentiation of construction land expansion in a typical town of south Jiangsu Province].

Choosing Xinzhuang Town in south Jiangsu Province as study area, and by using 1980, 1991, 2001, and 2009 high-resolution remote sensing images and GIS spatial analysis technology, an integrated expansion degree index model was established based on the existing indicators of construction land expansion, and the general and spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics of construction land expansion in the Town in three time periods of 1980-2009 were quantitatively analyzed. In 1980-2009, with the acceleration of rural urbanization and industrialization, the area of construction land in the Town increased significantly by 19.24 km2, and especially in 2001-2009, the expanded area, expanded contribution rate, and expansion intensity reached the maximum.

Modulatory effects of tumor-derived heat shock protein in DNA vaccination against nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Use of anti-idiotype antibody vaccines is a promising strategy against tumor, however, their immunogenicity still need to be improved. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) have been shown to act as adjuvants when coadministered with peptides or given as fusion proteins and enhance the vaccination efficiency. To evaluate the enhancement of the potency of anti-idiotype antibody immunogenicity by heat shock protein gp96, C57BL/6 mice were immunized with three intramuscular inoculations of the G22 DNA and/or gp96 DNA vaccine.

[Effect of acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid on proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of human acute myeloid leukemia cell line HL-60].

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) on the proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell line HL-60. HL-60 cells were treated by AKBA at various concentrations. The inhibitory effects of AKBA on the proliferation of HL-60 were analyzed by MTT assay.

[Historical range of variability in forest ecosystem management: applications and prospects].

Historical range of variability (HRV) characterizes the fluctuations of ecosystem structure and processes under natural disturbances, and is helpful in understanding the causes and consequences of ecosystem change, providing the researchers and managers a reference to evaluate the present status of ecosystems and guiding managers to develop effective management strategies to ultimately drive ecosystems to a sustainable state. In recent years, HRV has played an increasingly important role in forest ecosystem management, and has been successfully used in indicating the causes of ecosystem change, conservation of biological diversity and endangered species, and restoration of ecosystem function, etc. This paper outlined the concept of HRV, and discussed the applications, limitations (lack of data, environmental change, and human impacts, etc.

[Effect zone of forest road on plant species diversity in Great Hing 'an Mountains].

Forest road has far-reaching effects on plant species diversity across varying scales, and the estimation of its effect distance and effect zone is a key issue to integrate the road effect and ecological processes in forest area. In this paper, ten transects, 2 m wide and extending 50 m from varying grade roads including main road, main line for wood transportation, and secondary line for wood transportation in Huzhong forest area of Great Hing' an Mountains were set. The plant composition was investigated in twenty-five 2 m x 2 m plots of each transect.