Urine collection by sodium alginate/CMC composite self-calibrating aerogel SERS platform for accurate screening and staging of chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD), characterized by structural or functional renal abnormalities, poses substantial health risks. With a global prevalence nearing 13 %, fewer than 10 % of affected individuals are aware of their condition. Early-stage CKD frequently goes undetected due to the lack of specific symptoms and the high costs and logistical challenges associated with traditional blood testing.

pH-Adjusted Liquid SERS Approach: Toward a Reliable Plasma-Based Early Stage Lung Cancer Detection.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) provides a rapid and nondestructive method for biological plasma analysis, offering unparalleled sensitivity and specificity. However, most current studies predominantly employ the drop-cast method, where liquid samples are dried on the SERS substrate for spectral recording. While effective, this method is both time-consuming and inconsistent.

Chemical characteristics and evolution of groundwater in northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, China.

With the excellent water quality, abundant water quantity and convenient and economical exploitation conditions, groundwater has become an important water source for the social and economic development and people's livelihood in the northeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau in China. This study employed geostatistics, mineral saturation index, Gibbs diagram, ion ratio coefficient, chloralkali index and other methods to reveal the chemical distribution characteristics, evolution law and hydrogeochemical formation mechanism of groundwater in the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. The results showed that the contents of main chemical components of groundwater in Beichuan increased continuously from 1980 to 2020 complicating the types of hydrochemistry due to intensive groundwater exploitation and potential pollution from chemical plants.

Preparation of carboxymethyl cellulose membrane flexible SERS substrate and its application in the detection of metabolites and pH in urine.

Uric acid, urea, and other metabolites in urine after exercise often reflect chronic injury syndrome in athletes. However, traditional urine detection methods have issues such as high costs and low detection sensitivity. SERS can rapidly, continuously, and sensitively monitor metabolites in human urine.

Cationic cellulose dispersed Ag NCs/C-CNF paper-based SERS substrate with high homogeneity for creatinine and uric acid detection.

To overcome the problems of easy aggregation, poor reproducibility and homogeneity of metal nanosols, a SERS substrate with good sensitivity, homogeneity and reproducibility was designed and prepared for the detection of disease markers in urine. Silver nanocubes (Ag NCs) were firstly prepared and then dispersed in cationic cellulose (C-CNF) to form a homogeneous gel, which was dropped on a filter paper to develop a substrate with good SERS activity. This substrate combines the superior SERS properties of Ag NCs with the stability of C-CNF and has a minimum detection concentration of 10 M for R6G.

Preparation of 3D flexible SERS substrates by mixing gold nanorods in hydrogels for the detection of malachite green and crystal violet.

A simple and cost-effective fabrication method of gold nanorods (AuNRs) nanoparticles hybridized with polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel (AuNR/PVA) for SERS substrate is described. The AuNR/PVA achieves the control of inter-particle nanogap by modulating the density of gold nanorods, and inter-particle nanogap by the spatial deformation of the hydrogel, and the reduction of the gap between the AuNRs deposited on hydrogel makes the SERS enhancement. In addition, the AuNR/PVA substrate maintains high SERS activity after more than 100 cycles of bending and storage in air for 30 days, and the substrate possesses high sensitivity and high reproducibility.

Ultra-sensitive detection of tumor necrosis factor alpha based on silver-coated gold core shell and magnetically separated recognition of SERS aptamer sensors.

A highly sensitive tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) detection method based on a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) magnetic patch sensor is reported. Magnetic beads (MNPs) and core shells were used as the capture matrix and signaling probe, respectively. For this purpose, antibodies were immobilized on the surface of magnetic beads, and then Au@4-MBN@Ag core-shell structures coupled with aptamers and TNF-α antigen were added sequentially to form a sandwich immune complex.

Determination of HO and its antioxidant activity by BCM@Au NPs ratiometric SERS sensor.

As a reactive oxygen species (ROS), excessive production of HO contributes to the development of several diseases such as, inflammation, cancer, and respiratory diseases. Supplementation with endogenous or exogenous antioxidants can scavenge ROS and reduce the oxidation of cellular molecules, thus alleviating the generation of diseases. Therefore, the determination of HO content and its antioxidant activity is of great importance in disease diagnosis and treatment.

Preparation of SERS base membrane with cellulose compound dopamine and determination of hypochlorite.

Flexible silver substrates were made by in situ reduction of silver nanoparticles in bacterial cellulose membranes using the unique advantage of dopamine. Subsequently, we modified the substrate with 4-mercaptophenol (4-MP), a molecule capable of specifically recognizing ClO, and its corresponding SERS signal changes with the concentration of hypochlorite, thus allowing the quantitative detection of ClO content. The method showed a negative linear correlation (R = 0.

A study on the collapse characteristics of loess based on energy spectrum superposition method.

Mineral types form the basis for studying the structural stability of loess, and identifying mineral types at the microscopic scale has always been a difficult task. Identifying mineral types at the microscopic scale is very helpful in understanding the differential role that different minerals play in the structural stability of loess, and it can also clarify the specific mineral changes that occur during the process of humidification and dehumidification. Using an innovative energy spectrum superposition method, this article combines backscattered electron imaging and X-ray energy spectrum analysis results to achieve direct identification of the eight main minerals in loess, including quartz, illite, and chlorite, within SEM images.

Green in situ immobilisation of gold nanoparticles on bacterial nanocellulose membranes using Tannic acid and its detection of Fe.

Oxidative stress is one of the factors that promote melanogenesis. Trivalent iron ions play a key role in regulating the iron-catalysed oxidative stress response. A novel SERS flexible membrane sensor based on tannic acid with good sensitivity and uniformity was prepared by green in situ reduction of gold nanoparticles on bacterial cellulose membrane（BCM）with a simple and highly selective method to detect Fe.

Two-dimensional substrate assisted SERS immunosensor for accurate detection of carcinoembryonic antigen.

Accurate and sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is essential for the detection of various diseases in healthcare and the medical field. Currently, due to the high false negative rate of CEA assay in clinical setting and its use as a common indicator for early cancer screening, a novel CEA detection method with high sensitivity, increased specificity and the lower cost has become a clinical challenge. Here, a facile sandwich type immunosensor based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was presented including 4-mercaptobenzonitrile (4MBN) labeled gold core-silver shell nanoparticles (Au@4MBN@Ag NPs) as SERS tag and 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid (4-MPBA) functionalized two-dimensional (2D) silver nanoparticle film (Ag FM) as SERS capture substrate for CEA detection.

Bacterial cellulose loaded with silver nanoparticles as a flexible, stable and sensitive SERS-active substrate for detection of the shellfish toxin DTX-1.

Diarrheal shellfish toxins are considered one of the most lethal red tide algae toxins in the worldwide. In this work, we propose an Ag NPs-loaded bacterial cellulose membrane (BCM) surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor based on an aptamer (Apt) for the ultrasensitive detection of dinophysistoxin (DTX-1), a type of diarrheal shellfish toxin. During drying, Ag NPs can be further densified on "gel-like" BCM to form high-density SERS "hot spots".

A novel "on-off" SERS nanoprobe based on sulfonated cellulose nanofiber-Ag composite for selective determination of NADH in human serum.

A novel S-CNF-based nanocomposite was created using sulfonated cellulose nanofiber (S-CNF) to enable the detection of NADH in serum by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The numerous hydroxyl and sulfonic acid groups on the S-CNF surface absorbed silver ions and converted them to silver seeds, which formed the load fulcrum. After adding a reducing agent, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were firmly adhered to the S-CNF surface to form stable 1D "hot spots.

Preparation and Application of Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Plasmonic SERS Composite Nanoparticles.

Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) are used as artificial antibody materials. MMIPs have attracted a great deal of interest because of their low cost, wide practicality, predetermination, stability and their ability to achieve rapid separation from complex sample environments by the action of external magnetic field. MMIPs can simulate the natural recognition of entities.

Machine learning-assisted global DNA methylation fingerprint analysis for differentiating early-stage lung cancer from benign lung diseases.

DNA methylation plays a critical role in the development of human tumors. However, routine characterization of DNA methylation can be time-consuming and labor-intensive. We herein describe a sensitive, simple surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) approach for identifying the DNA methylation pattern in early-stage lung cancer (LC) patients.

Two-dimensional glass/p-ATP/Ag NPs as multifunctional SERS substrates for label-free quantification of uric acid in sweat.

Abnormal uric acid (UA) content in body fluids can fully reflect the status of metabolism and immunity in the body. We have developed a simple, efficient and label-free surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) method for UA detection. Briefly, p-aminothiophenol (p-ATP) was used as the internal standard molecule and linking molecule to prepare a glass/p-ATP/Ag NPs SERS substrate.