Publications by authors named "Yuddha Sapkota"
Article Synopsis
- Cataracts are the top cause of blindness worldwide, and effective cataract surgical coverage (eCSC) is crucial to gauge the success of surgical interventions across different populations.
- The World Health Assembly aims to increase eCSC by 30 percentage points by 2030, prompting the analysis of existing survey data to establish a baseline for this metric.
- Findings show significant disparities in eCSC among countries, with high-income nations having better access and outcomes compared to low-income ones, and men generally experiencing higher eCSC than women.
Objective: To estimate prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment and assess cataract surgical coverage and quality of cataract surgery in Kabul.
Methods And Analysis: A total of 3751 adults aged 50 years and above were recruited from 77 randomly selected clusters. Each participant underwent presenting and pinhole visual acuity assessment and lens examination.
Aim: To determine the prevalence and causes of blindness, vision impairment and cataract surgery coverage among Rohingya refugees aged ≥ 50 years residing in camps in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh.
Methods: We used the Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) methodology to select 76 clusters of 50 participants aged ≥ 50 years with probability proportionate to size. Demographic and cataract surgery data were collected using questionnaires, visual acuity was assessed per World Health Organization criteria and examinations were conducted by torch, and with direct ophthalmoscopy in eyes with pinhole-corrected vision <6/12.
Purpose: To estimate the nationwide prevalence of visual impairment and associated refractive error in school children in Bhutan.
Methods: The sample of this prospective cross-sectional national survey comprised of randomly selected classes in levels IV-IX (age 10 to 15 years) from schools throughout Bhutan. The examination included measurement of visual acuity (VA), evaluation of ocular motility, refraction under cycloplegia, examination of the external eye, media and fundus.
Purpose: To assess the influence of distance and near visual impairment on self-reported near visual functioning (VF) in a multinational study.
Design: Population-based cross-sectional study.
Participants: Participants aged 35 years or older were selected randomly with cluster sampling at 7 sites: rural sites in Nepal (Kaski) and India (Madurai), a semirural site in China (Shunyi), semiurban sites in South Africa (Durban) and Niger (Dosso), and urban sites in the United States (Los Angeles) and China (Guangzhou).
Purpose: To obtain new rapid assessment of avoidable blindness (RAAB) data on the prevalence, causes and trends of blindness, visual impairment and cataract surgery; and compare the new 2018 data with the older RAAB 2009 data.
Methodology: The second nationwide RAAB used android based mRAAB technique and technology for data collection. Using the compact segment sampling probability proportionate to size, 5,050 participants from 101 clusters of 50 people aged 50 years and older were enrolled through house-to-house visits.
Purpose: To estimate the prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment, cataract surgical coverage (CSC), visual outcome of cataract surgery, and barriers to uptake cataract surgery in Timor-Leste.
Method: In a nationwide rapid assessment of avoidable blindness (RAAB), the latest population (1,066,409) and household data were used to create a sampling frame which consists of 2,227 population units (study clusters) from all 13 districts, with populations of 450-900 per unit. The sample size of 3,350 was calculated with the assumed prevalence of blindness at 4.
Purpose: A nationwide rapid assessment of avoidable blindness survey was undertaken in the Maldives among people aged 50 years or more to assess the prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment, cataract surgical coverage, cataract surgery outcome, and barriers to uptake of cataract surgical services.
Design: Prospective population-based study.
Methods: In the cluster sampling probability proportionate to size method, 3100 participants in 62 clusters across all 20 atolls were enrolled through house-to-house visits.
Background: The 1981 Nepal Blindness Survey first identified the Narayani Zone as one of the regions with the highest prevalence of blindness in the country. Subseuqently, a 2006 survey of the Rautahat District of the Narayani Zone found it to have the country's highest blindness prevalence. This study examines the impact on blind avoidable and treatable eye conditions in this region after significant increase in eye care services in the past decade.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To estimate the prevalence, potential determinants, and proportion of met need for near vision impairment (NVI) correctable with refraction approximately 2 years after initial examination of a multi-country cohort.
Design: Population-based, prospective cohort study.
Participants: People aged ≥35 years examined at baseline in semi-rural (Shunyi) and urban (Guangzhou) sites in China; rural sites in Nepal (Kaski), India (Madurai), and Niger (Dosso); a semi-urban site (Durban) in South Africa; and an urban site (Los Angeles) in the United States.
Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of near vision impairment and use of corrective spectacles among middle-aged and older adults in different settings and ethnic groups.
Design: Population-based, cross-sectional study.
Methods: People aged ≥ 35 years were randomly selected with cluster sampling in 4 rural settings in Shunyi (China), Kaski (Nepal), Madurai (India), and Dosso (Niger); 1 semi-urban area in Durban (South Africa); and 2 urban settings in Guangzhou (China) and Los Angeles (USA).
Background: The Government of Nepal is interested in preventing congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Surveillance data were analyzed and studies conducted to assess the burden of rubella and CRS and aid in developing a rubella vaccination strategy.
Methods: (1) Analysis of rubella cases reported through measles surveillance, 2004-2009; (2) in 2008, rubella seroprevalence among women 15 to 39 years of age was evaluated; and (3) in 2009, children attending a school for the deaf were examined for ocular defects associated with CRS.
Purpose: To evaluate visual acuity outcome from cataract surgery based on a population-based survey among people aged 50 years and older in Lumbini Zone and Chitwan District of Nepal.
Methods: A randomly selected, population-based cross sectional epidemiological study of blindness, visual impairment and cataract surgical outcome was conducted. All subjects underwent a comprehensive ocular examination by an ophthalmic assistant, while people with visual impairment (visual acuity less than 6/18) after refraction and all cataract surgical cases underwent dilated fundus examination by an ophthalmologist.
Purpose: The Gaur Eye Hospital, which provides eye care services to the people in Rautahat and adjacent districts, completed 9 years of operation in 2006. Over 14,000 cataract surgeries were performed during this period. This study aimed to ascertain the impact of the hospital services by estimating the prevalence of blindness, visual impairment and cataract surgical coverage among the older adult population of the Rautahat district.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Assess visual impairment in school children of upper-middle socioeconomic status in Kathmandu for comparison with rural Jhapa District.
Methods: Random selection of classes from secondary private schools in Kathmandu was used to identify the study sample. Children in 130 classes at 43 schools were enumerated using school records and examined between January-May 2006.