Dietary Carbohydrates, Genetic Susceptibility, and Gout Risk: A Prospective Cohort Study in the UK.

This study aimed to investigate the associations between carbohydrate intake and gout risk, along with interactions between genetic susceptibility and carbohydrates, and the mediating roles of biomarkers. We included 187,387 participants who were free of gout at baseline and completed at least one dietary assessment in the UK Biobank. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the associations between carbohydrate intake and gout risk.

A Comprehensive Investigation of Dietary Micronutrient Intakes and Risk of Alcoholic Liver Disease.

Background: The investigation of dietary micronutrient intakes and risk of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) based on observational studies was limited.

Objectives: Our study aimed to explore the associations of 30 dietary micronutrients intakes with risk of ALD, interactions between dietary micronutrients and genetic variation, and mediation effects of blood and urinary biomarkers on the associations between dietary micronutrients and risk of ALD.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted within the UK Biobank cohort, with 231 incident ALD cases and 1386 controls.

S100A4/NF-κB axis mediates the anticancer effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.

Resistance to cisplatin (-dichlorodiamineplatinum, DDP) in ovarian cancer is a significant clinical challenge. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has shown promise in cancer therapy. However, its effects on DDP-resistant ovarian cancer remain understudied.

Air pollutants, genetic susceptibility, and the risk of incident gastrointestinal diseases: A large prospective cohort study.

A comprehensive overview of the associations between air pollution and the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases has been lacking. We aimed to examine the relationships of long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM), 2.

Serum cytokines and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as predictive biomarkers of benefit from PD-1 inhibitors in gastric cancer.

Background: Immunotherapy is significantly revolutionizing cancer treatment and demonstrating promising efficacy in gastric cancer (GC) patients. However, only a subset of patients could derive benefits from targeted monoclonal antibody therapy against programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1). This study aims to identify suitable serum cytokines and blood cell ratios as predictive biomarkers to aid in the selection of GC patients likely to benefit from PD-1 inhibitors.

Research on partially coherent spatial light interference microscopy.

Based on partial coherence theory, this study rigorously deduces the principle of spatial light interference microscopy (SLIM) and improves the calculation method of SLIM. The main problem we found with SLIM is that it simply defaults the phase of the direct light to 0. To address this problem, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a double four-step phase shift method.

Organic Small Molecule Contrast Agent for Targeted Photoacoustic Imaging of Patient-Derived Brain Tumors.

Traditional glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines do not maintain the heterogeneity of the original tumor, cell interactions, and therapy response, thus limiting their investigation in GBM theranostics. Herein, a kind of GBM tumor-targeting nanoparticles (NPs) TCFNP@iRGD are designed and constructed, which are generated by photoacoustic (PA) contrast agent 2-(3-cyano-4,5,5-trimethylfuran-2(5H)-ylidene) malononitrile (TCF)-OH through facile nanoprecipitation and decorated with an active targeting ligand iRGD. Their potential in GBM detection via PA imaging on glioma patient-derived cells intracranial xenograft models is evaluated for the first time.

Inactivation of MrSir2 in Monascus ruber Influenced the Developmental Process and the Production of Monascus Azaphilone Pigments.

Monascus species are the producers of Monascus azaphilone pigments (MonAzPs) and lipid-lowering component Monacolin K, which have been widely used as food colorant and health products. In this study, silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) homolog (MrSir2) was characterized, and its impacts on the development and MonAzPs production of Monascus ruber were evaluated. Enzyme activity test in vitro showed that MrSir2 was an NAD-dependent histone deacetylase.

Degradable Magnetic Nanoplatform with Hydroxide Ions Triggered Photoacoustic, MR Imaging, and Photothermal Conversion for Precise Cancer Theranostic.

Theranostic agents based on inorganic nanomaterials are still suffered from the nonbiodegradable substances with long-term retention in body and unavoidable biological toxicity, as well as nonspecificity biodistribution with potential damage toward normal tissues. Here, we develop magnetic ions (Fe, Fe, Gd, Mn, and Mn) coordinated nanoplatform (MICN) with framework structure and modify them with PEG (MICN-PEG). Notably, MICN-PEG demonstrates hydroxide ions (OH) triggered the structure collapse along with responsive near-infrared photoacoustic (PA) signal, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and photothermal therapy (PTT) performances.

TRPM2-AS promotes the malignancy of osteosarcoma cells by targeting miR-15b-5p/PPM1D axis.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant tumor with a low survival rate and a high incidence rate worldwide. Although research has reported the involvement of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathogenesis of OS cells, the role of TRPM2-AS, miR-15b-5p, and PPM1D in OS progression remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the interaction of the TRPM2-AS/miR-15b-5p/PPM1D axis in OS cells to gain new insights into the molecular mechanism and pathogenesis of OS.

LncRNA HCP5 Induces Gastric Cancer Cell Proliferation, Invasion, and EMT Processes Through the miR-186-5p/WNT5A Axis Under Hypoxia.

Objective: To experimentally determine the involvement and mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HCP5 in the development of gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: Detection of HCP5, miR-186-5p, and WNT5A expression in clinical GC tissues and adjacent healthy tissues was performed, followed by Pearson correlation analysis. BGC-823 and AGS cells, with interferences of HCP5, miR-186-5p, and WNT5A, were cultured under hypoxia.

LncRNA CTBP1-AS2 Facilitates Gastric Cancer Progression via Regulating the miR-139-3p/MMP11 Axis.

Background: This study aimed at probing into the effect of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) C-terminal binding protein 1 antisense RNA 2 (CTBP1-AS2) on gastric cancer (GC) cell proliferation and apoptosis, and its regulatory function on miR-139-3p and .

Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed to examine the expressions of CTBP1-AS2, miR-139-3p and mRNA in GC cell lines and clinical specimens. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry and EdU assay were conducted to examine the effects of CTBP1-AS2 and miR-139-3p on GC cell proliferation and apoptosis.

Detection of Prorocentrum minimum by hyperbranched rolling circle amplification coupled with lateral flow dipstick.

A novel method referred to as hyperbranched rolling circle amplification (HRCA) coupled with lateral flow dipstick (LFD) (HRCA-LFD) here was developed for specific, sensitive, rapid, and simple detection of Prorocentrum minimum. HRCA-LFD relies on a padlock probe (PLP) consisting of a common ligation sequence, two terminal sequences that complement the target DNA, and a manually designed detection probe (LFD probe). The two terminal sequences of the PLP were designed against the species-specific sites of the large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU rDNA) D1-D2 region of P.

Long Non-Coding RNA NEAT1 Serves as Sponge for miR-365a-3p to Promote Gastric Cancer Progression via Regulating ABCC4.

Introduction: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) was reported to be a crucial regulator in cancer. In this work, our purpose is to explore the biological roles of nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) in gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect NEAT1 expression in GC cells and normal cells.

Noninvasive temperature monitoring for dual-modal tumor therapy based on lanthanide-doped up-conversion nanocomposites.

Accurate treatment of photothermal therapy (PTT) is crucial to avoid the unnecessary injury of normal cells and tissues. Therefore the real-time temperature monitoring in the PTT process has drawn more and more attention in recent years. Herein, we designed and prepared one kind of lanthanide (Ln)-doped up-conversion nanocomposites with multi-functions, which can not only provide temperature feedback in PTT process, but also play the photodynamic therapy (PDT) function for the synergistic effect of tumor therapy.

The Effect of Photothermal Therapy on Osteosarcoma With Polyacrylic Acid-Coated Gold Nanorods.

Background: Polyacrylic acid (PAA)-coated gold nanorods (GNRs) were prepared in this research, and then the structure, stability, temperature increment efficiency, and biocompatibility of GNRs@PAA were detected.

Methods: It was demonstrated that GNRs@PAA coupled with an 808 nm laser had superior efficiency of hyperthermia therapy for MG63 human osteosarcoma cell.

Results: The mechanism of photothermal therapy of GNRs@PAA was explored, and it was proved that damaged cell membrane and DNA integration caused cell apoptosis and death, and the cell apoptosis rate had been obviously promoted by in vitro photothermal therapy which exhibited time-dose dependence.

Design of efficient bifunctional catalysts for direct conversion of syngas into lower olefins methanol/dimethyl ether intermediates.

The direct conversion of syngas into lower olefins is a highly attractive route for the synthesis of lower olefins. The selectivity of lower olefins the conventional Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis is restricted to ∼60% with high CH selectivity due to the limitation by the Anderson-Schulz-Flory (ASF) distribution. Here, we report the design of bifunctional catalysts for the direct conversion of syngas into lower olefins with selectivity significantly breaking the ASF distribution.

Three-Dimensional Inverse Opal Photonic Crystal Substrates toward Efficient Capture of Circulating Tumor Cells.

Artificial fractal structures have attracted considerable scientific interest in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detection and capture, which plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. Herein, we designed a bionic TiO inverse opal photonic crystal (IOPC) structure for highly efficient immunocapture of CTCs by combination of a magnetic FeO@C6@silane nanoparticles with anti-EpCAM (antiepithelial cell adhesion molecule) and microchannel structure. Porous structure and dimension of IOPC TiO can be precisely controlled for mimicking cellular components, and anti-EpCAM antibody was further modified on IOPC interface by conjugating with polydopamine (PDA).

The Synergistic Effect of Microwave Radiation and Hypergravity on Rats and the Intervention Effect of Rana Sylvatica Le Conte Oil.

Aim: The phenomena of hypergravity and microwave radiation are widespread, which cause more and more concern for the hazards to human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect of microwave radiation and hypergravity on rats and observe the protective effect of Rana sylvatica Le conte oil.

Methods: Rats were exposed to microwave radiation and hypergravity, and the rat weight, the climbing pole height, serum enzyme activities, blood urea nitrogen concentration, and total antioxidant capacity were detected.

High purity microfluidic sorting and in situ inactivation of circulating tumor cells based on multifunctional magnetic composites.

Detection and isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a pivotal role in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer, while the high capture efficiency and purity of CTCs are difficult to achieve simultaneously among the various isolation methods. In this work, we designed an inverted microchip integrating silicon nanowires (SiNWs) and multifunctional magnetic nanocomposites (FeO@C6/Ce6@silane, Coumarin 6 (C6), Chlorin e6 (Ce6)) for enhanced capture efficiency and purity of CTCs. The FeO@C6/Ce6@silane conjugated with antibody can label the CTCs and pull them to the upside SiNWs capture surface by the upward magnetic field with high purity.

Photoelectrochemical detection of alpha-fetoprotein based on ZnO inverse opals structure electrodes modified by AgS nanoparticles.

In this work, a new photoelectrochemical biosensor based on AgS nanoparticles (NPs) modified macroporous ZnO inverse opals structure (IOs) was developed for sensitive and rapid detection of alpha fetal protein (AFP). Small size and uniformly dispersed AgS NPs were prepared using the Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption And Reaction (SILAR) method, which were adsorbed on ZnO IOs surface and frame work as matrix for immobilization of AFP. The composite structure of ZnO/AgS expanded the scope of light absorption to long wavelength, which can make full use of the light energy.

Characterization of multidrug‑resistant osteosarcoma sublines and the molecular mechanisms of resistance.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a challenge for the treatment of cancer and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. The current study exposed MG63 osteosarcoma cells to increasing concentrations of vincristine (VCR) to establish four VCR‑resistant MG63/VCR cell sublines (MG63/VCR1, 2, 3 and 4). The drug resistance indices (RI) of these sublines was detected with the CCK‑8 assay and determined to be163, 476, 1,247, and 2,707‑fold higher than that of parental cells, respectively.