Publications by authors named "Yudai Yano"
Renal impairment is reported in 20%-50% of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma and is known as a poor prognostic factor. Although several studies have demonstrated that treatment with novel antimyeloma agents improves renal impairment and myeloma itself, the time-dependent clinical course of recovery of renal function has not been extensively studied. We retrospectively collected the data of characteristics and outcomes in consecutive unselected patients diagnosed with and treated for symptomatic multiple myeloma between January 2015 and December 2022, and extracted and analyzed the cases with renal impairment.
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- Frailty is common among patients with aortic stenosis (AS), but the study aimed to understand how the severity of AS affects frailty levels in hospitalized patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).
- The study included 137 patients and found no significant difference in frailty prevalence, gait speed, or nutritional risk between those with severe and very severe AS; however, NT-proBNP levels were higher in the very severe group.
- The analysis indicated that AS severity itself didn't correlate with frailty, but low gait speed and poor nutritional status were linked to increased frailty, suggesting that exercise and nutritional support could benefit these patients alongside AS treatment.
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- Pediatric pure discoligamentous Chance-type injuries are uncommon and there is no established surgical consensus on fixation with or without fusion.
- A 10-year-old boy experienced this type of injury from a car accident and had posterior spinal fixation without fusion, but the kyphotic deformity returned four months post-surgery.
- The case indicates that fixation without fusion may not be suitable for kids with this injury, and suggests that spinal fixation with fusion could provide better stabilization and prevent deformity recurrence.
A 33-year-old hospitalized patient felt itching around his anus. Tiny white thread-like worms were observed around his perinatal region. Microscopic examination revealed the presence of elongated, one-sided, flattened eggs inside the worm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe report two the cases of patients with imported Plasmodium falciparum malaria during the COVID-19 pandemic. One was coinfected with COVID-19 and the other was misdiagnosed with COVID-19; either way, the diagnosis of malaria was delayed. These cases suggest that physicians should beware of cognitive biases during pandemics and carefully evaluate febrile patients.
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- Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy is a severe condition where tumor cells block small blood vessels in the lungs, leading to symptoms like difficulty breathing and heart failure, often seen in advanced cancer cases.
- A 68-year-old woman with non-small cell lung cancer, who was responding well to treatment, suddenly experienced worsening breathlessness and fatigue, despite no signs of tumor progression on imaging.
- An autopsy revealed that while her primary tumor had shrunk, tumor clusters still caused significant blockage in lung vessels, highlighting that this condition can occur even with effective cancer treatment.
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- Dynapenia, an age-related decline in muscle strength, negatively impacts cardiovascular patients and may indicate complications after cardiac surgery.
- A study with 125 patients found that those with decline in skeletal muscle strength (DS) had higher postoperative pulmonary complications and longer ICU stays.
- Results show that preoperative DS is a significant risk factor for these complications, with an odds ratio of 4.26, meaning patients with DS are more likely to face issues post-surgery.
International medical evacuation, which is an option to receive better medical care for travelers with emergencies staying in low- and middle-income countries, has been more challenging during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We herein discuss our experience with four Japanese patients with COVID-19 who required medical evacuation from Asian countries during the pandemic. Of these, none of the patients had received a COVID-19 vaccine; three patients needed oxygen therapy on admission to our hospital; and one patient died due to respiratory failure on day 50 after hospitalization.
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- The study is a retrospective cohort analysis aimed at developing a self-reported questionnaire to screen for low bone mineral density (BMD) in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.
- It reviewed the medical records of 198 women and identified key variables—age, BMI, lower back pain, height loss, and menopause—that effectively predict low BMD.
- The scoring tool showed promising results with an area under the curve of 0.738, sensitivity of 82.8%, and specificity of 52%, indicating it could be a useful screening method for low BMD in this demographic.
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- Physical deconditioning is common after cardiovascular surgery, and independent walking is crucial for recovery and preventing future cardiac issues.
- A study involving 567 patients analyzed how different types of surgeries (CABG, heart valve, and aortic surgery) affect the ability to walk independently and the factors influencing rehabilitation.
- Findings revealed that patients who had aortic surgery needed significantly longer time for cardiac rehabilitation compared to those who had CABG and heart valve surgeries, highlighting the need for new intervention strategies for those with extended ICU stays.
The quantitative antigen test based on the chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay for SARS-CoV-2 has been used in international airports for quarantine in Japan. While cases of false-positive rapid antigen tests for SARS-CoV-2 were reported, false-positive cases of the quantitative antigen test with clinical information are rare. Here, we report a case of acute respiratory infection whose quantitative antigen test for SARS-CoV-2 was suspected to be false positive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Japanese Government has implemented quarantine measures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Individuals testing positive at the airport's quarantine office were lodged either in a designated hotel or hospital under the Quarantine Act. The aim of this study is to describe the management of patients with COVID-19 admitted under the Quarantine Act and to evaluate its impact on medical resources.
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- - The study aimed to examine how factors like sarcopenia (muscle loss) impact the recovery process, hospital stay duration, and discharge plans for patients post-cardiovascular surgery.
- - Out of 67 patients undergoing open-heart surgery, those with sarcopenia experienced delays in starting rehabilitation and showed a significant difference in discharge rates compared to those without sarcopenia, although their physical and psychiatric functions remained stable post-surgery.
- - The research suggests that while cardiac rehabilitation helps improve functions in patients with sarcopenia, enhancing balance could lead to quicker discharges home.
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- Atrial fibrillation (AF) may impair baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and this study investigates the difference in BRS between patients with persistent AF (PeAF) and paroxysmal AF (PAF).
- The research included 67 patients who underwent catheter ablation, finding that those with PeAF had significantly lower baseline BRS compared to those with PAF.
- Catheter ablation was shown to reduce BRS in all patients, but the reduction was less severe in PeAF patients, with some showing no BRS depression post-procedure.
We herein report the first case of a fever induced by favipiravir, a potential coronavirus disease 2019 therapeutic drug. An 82-year-old man diagnosed with bilateral pneumonia was transferred to our hospital following a positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 polymerase chain reaction test. He was treated with compassionate use of favipiravir.
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- * Seventy patients were analyzed, focusing on physical tests like the five-repetition sit-to-stand test, nutritional status, and medication usage.
- * Results indicated that muscle strength and nutritional status significantly influence lower extremity function, suggesting that monitoring these factors could help prevent falls in these patients.
A 35-year-old woman presented with fever and mild diarrhoea without any respiratory symptoms 9 days after travelling to Japan from Wuhan, China. Her computed tomography scan revealed pneumonia. The first polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test on throat swab for the novel corona virus upon admission was negative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndotracheal metastasis, a critical complication of primary lung cancer, is an extremely rare lesion. A 73-year-old woman who had previously received treatment for lung cancer presented to our emergency department with dyspnea. A chest computed tomography and nasopharyngolaryngoscopy showed an endotracheal mass below the epiglottis, obstructing the trachea almost completely.
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- Epistaxis is a common condition that can sometimes be mistaken for other serious issues, such as hematemesis (vomiting blood) and melena (black, tarry stools).
- A 78-year-old man presented to the emergency room with symptoms of melena and shock, initially diagnosed with a bleeding gastric ulcer, but ongoing bleeding was later traced to nasal polyps causing epistaxis.
- The case highlights the importance of recognizing that epistaxis can mimic upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and it stresses the need for medical professionals to consider this in their differential diagnoses to avoid misdiagnosis.
Objective Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are associated with heart failure (HF) as well as coronary artery disease. However, little is known about the relationships between PUFAs and the exercise responses of patients with HF. We evaluated the relationships between PUFAs and the parameters of cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPETs) in patients with non-ischemic HF.
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- The study aimed to investigate changes in vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) in patients treated for sepsis using abdominal computed tomography.
- Researchers conducted a retrospective analysis on 52 patients from a hospital in Japan and found that significant decreases in BMD were noted, particularly in non-osteoporotic individuals.
- Despite the observed loss of BMD after critical care, there was no significant difference in survival rates between patients with and without osteoporosis.
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- - Tracheo-innominate artery fistula (TIF) is a serious and rare complication that can occur after a tracheostomy, as seen in a 44-year-old man with a history of tracheostomy who faced massive hemoptysis and cardiac arrest.
- - The patient had a hyperinflated tracheostomy tube cuff, yet even minor movements of the tube triggered significant bleeding.
- - The treatment involved placing an endovascular stent graft, highlighting that early signs of bleeding can occur before TIF and that this procedure can be a critical temporary solution when other methods fail.
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- Post-operative respiratory failure and infections are common complications that increase the risk of morbidity and mortality after surgery, although their exact risk factors remain debated.
- A study at Nagasaki University Hospital examined adult cardiovascular surgery patients from June 2013 to May 2015, finding that 12.5% developed respiratory complications.
- Key risk factors identified were related to the surgery itself, including long operative time, post-operative water balance, and emergency surgery, rather than pre-operative conditions.