Robotic versus open radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: evaluation of complications, survival, and opioid prescribing patterns.

We aim to compare complications, readmission, survival, and prescribing patterns of opioids for post-operative pain management for Robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy (RARC) as compared to open radical cystectomy (ORC). Patients that underwent RARC or ORC for bladder cancer at a tertiary care center from 2005 to 2021 were included. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated with Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models.

The rising incidence of ductal adenocarcinoma and intraductal carcinoma of the prostate: Diagnostic accuracy of biopsy, MRI-visibility, and outcomes.

Introduction: Ductal adenocarcinoma (DA) and intraductal carcinoma (IDC) of the prostate are associated with higher stage disease at radical prostatectomy (RP). We evaluated diagnostic accuracy of biopsy, MRI-visibility, and outcomes for patients undergoing RP with DA/IDC histology compared to pure acinar adenocarcinoma (AA) of the prostate.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study of men receiving RP between 2014 and 2021 revealing AA, DA, or IDC on final pathology was conducted.

MRI versus non-MRI diagnostic pathways before radical prostatectomy: Impact on nerve-sparing, positive surgical margins, and biochemical recurrence.

Purpose: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) prior to biopsy has improved detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (CaP), but its impact on surgical outcomes is less well established. We compared MRI vs. non-MRI diagnostic pathways among patients receiving radical prostatectomy (RP) for impact on surgical outcomes.

MRI vs Transrectal Ultrasound to Estimate Prostate Volume and PSAD: Impact on Prostate Cancer Detection.

Objectives: To compare multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) to estimate prostate volume and prostate specific antigen density (PSAD) as well as subsequent impact on prostate cancer (PCa) detection.

Methods: Patients referred for mpMRI prior to mpMRI-TRUS fusion-guided prostate biopsy between 2015 and 2020 were identified. Volume and calculated PSAD by mpMRI and TRUS were compared.

Multifocality of Prostate Cancer and Candidacy for Focal Therapy Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI)-detected and targeted biopsy-confirmed multifocal and unifocal prostate cancer (PCa) among patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) ≥3 lesions. Focal therapy (FT) options for PCa are tied to accurate spatial identification on mpMRI.

Methods: Men without prior diagnosis of PCa receiving mpMRI, targeted and systematic prostate biopsy in the Prospective Loyola Urology mpMRI (PLUM) Prostate Biopsy Cohort from 2015-2021 were included.

A noncanonical inhibitory circuit dampens behavioral sensitivity to light.

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) drive diverse, light-evoked behaviors that range from conscious visual perception to subconscious, non-image-forming behaviors. It is thought that RGCs primarily drive these functions through the release of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. We identified a subset of melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive RGCs (ipRGCs) in mice that release the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at non-image-forming brain targets.

Overlapping morphological and functional properties between M4 and M5 intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells.

Multiple retinal ganglion cell (RGC) types in the mouse retina mediate pattern vision by responding to specific features of the visual scene. The M4 and M5 melanopsin-expressing, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell (ipRGC) subtypes are two RGC types that are thought to play major roles in pattern vision. The M4 ipRGCs overlap in population with ON-alpha RGCs, while M5 ipRGCs were recently reported to exhibit opponent responses to different wavelengths of light (color opponency).