Development and characterization of human T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha and beta clones' library as biological standards and resources for TCR sequencing and engineering.

Characterization of T-cell receptors (TCRs) repertoire was revolutionized by next-generation sequencing technologies; however, standardization using biological controls to facilitate precision of current alignment and assembly tools remains a challenge. Additionally, availability of TCR libraries for off-the-shelf cloning and engineering TCR-specific T cells is a valuable resource for TCR-based immunotherapies. We established nine human TCR α and β clones that were evaluated using the 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends-like RNA-based TCR sequencing on the Illumina platform.

[F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT for Predicting Pathologic Response of Resectable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma to Neoadjuvant Camrelizumab and Chemotherapy: A Phase II Clinical Trial.

This single-center, single-arm, phase II trial (ChiCTR2100050057) investigated the ability of F-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor ([F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04, denoted as F-FAPI) PET/CT to predict the response to neoadjuvant camrelizumab plus chemotherapy (nCC) in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC). This study included 32 newly diagnosed LA-ESCC participants who underwent F-FAPI PET/CT at baseline, of whom 23 also underwent scanning after 2 cycles of nCC. The participants underwent surgery after 2 cycles of nCC.

Proton therapy for breast cancer: Reducing toxicity.

Radiotherapy is a crucial component in the holistic management of breast cancer, with approximately 60% of individuals diagnosed with breast cancer requiring this treatment. As the survival rate of individuals with breast cancer has significantly increased, there is a growing focus on the long-term well-being of patients. Proton therapy (PT) is a new and rapidly developing radiotherapy method.

Features of the TCR repertoire associate with patients' clinical and molecular characteristics in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant remains the most effective strategy for patients with high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Leukemia-specific neoantigens presented by the major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) are recognized by the T cell receptors (TCR) triggering the graft-versus-leukemia effect. A unique TCR signature is generated by a complex V(D)J rearrangement process to form TCR capable of binding to the peptide-MHC.

Value of [F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT for differential diagnosis of malignant and various inflammatory lung lesions: comparison with [F]FDG PET/CT.

Objective: Uptake of the imaging tracers [F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 and [F]FDG varies in some inflammatory lesions, which may result in false-positive findings for malignancy on PET/CT. Our aim was to compare the [F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 and [F]FDG PET/CT imaging features of malignant and various inflammatory lung lesions and to analyze their value for differential diagnosis.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed [F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT scans from 67 cancer patients taken between December 2020 and January 2022, as well as the scans of 32 patients who also underwent [F]FDG PET/CT imaging.

FAPI Compared with FDG PET/CT for Diagnosis of Primary and Metastatic Lung Cancer.

Background The radiotracer fluorine 18 (F)-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) has shown promise for visualizing several types of cancer, but the accuracy of F-FAPI compared with F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) for the detection of lung cancer remains uncertain. Purpose To evaluate the effectiveness of F-FAPI-based PET/CT imaging for the diagnosis of primary and metastatic lung cancer lesions as compared with F-FDG PET/CT. Materials and Methods In this secondary analysis of a prospective trial, consecutively recruited patients from a single center with pathologically confirmed lung cancer were prospectively enrolled from December 2020 to April 2022 and underwent paired F-FAPI and F-FDG PET/CT examinations at intervals of more than 20 hours and within 7 days of each other.

Early and Accurate Detection of Radiation-induced Heart Damage by Cardiodynamicsgram.

Cardiodynamicsgram (CDG) has emerged recently as a noninvasive spatiotemporal electrocardiographic method for subtle cardiac dynamics information analysis within electrocardiogram (ECG). This study explored the feasibility of CDG for detecting radiation-induced heart damage (RIHD) in a rat model. A single radiation dose of 40 Gy was delivered to the cardiac apex of female Wistar rats.

Increased F-FAPI uptake in bones and joints of lung cancer patients: characteristics and distributions.

Objective: This study investigated the distribution and characteristics of various bone and joint lesions on F-FAPI PET/CT in lung cancer patients.

Methods: Seventy-four lung cancer patients who underwent F-FAPI PET/CT were reviewed. Bone and joint lesions with elevated F-FAPI uptake were recorded and analyzed.

Plasma Markers for Early Prediction of Radiation-Induced Myocardial Damage.

There is no sensitive and effective method to predict radiation-induced myocardial damage (RIMD). The aim of this study was to explore effective plasma biomarkers for early prediction of RIMD after radiotherapy (RT) in lung cancer patients and in a rat model. Biomarker levels were measured in plasma samples collected before and after thoracic RT from 17 lung cancer patients.

Correlation of Mean Heart Dose and Cardiac Biomarkers with Electrocardiographic Changes in Patients Receiving Thoracic Radiation Therapy.

Cardiotoxicity is a well-recognized, serious adverse effect of thoracic radiation therapy. This study aimed to evaluate longitudinal electrocardiogram (ECG) changes in patients receiving thoracic radiation therapy and identify correlating factors that can predict the risk of cardiotoxicity. This retrospective study included 202 patients treated with thoracic radiation therapy, and chemotherapy and targeted therapy were allowed.

Response Prediction Using F-FAPI-04 PET/CT in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated with Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy.

This prospective study examined whether imaging results obtained using the tracer F-AlF-NOTA-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)-04 (denoted as F-FAPI-04) in PET/CT can predict the short-term outcome in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). The 18 enrolled LA-ESCC patients underwent F-FAPI-04 PET/CT scanning before CCRT. The SUV, SUV, SUV, metabolic tumor volume, and total lesion fibroblast activation protein expression of the primary tumor were recorded.

Early detection of radiation-induced myocardial damage by [F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT imaging.

Purpose: Retrospective analysis revealed increased [F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 uptake in the myocardium of patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). This study investigated and verified the feasibility of [F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT for detecting radiation-induced myocardial damage (RIMD).

Methods: Myocardial FAPI uptake was analyzed before and during radiotherapy in thirteen ESCC patients treated with CCRT.

Diagnostic Value of F-NOTA-FAPI PET/CT in a Rat Model of Radiation-Induced Lung Damage.

In this study, we explore the diagnostic value of a novel PET/CT imaging tracer that specifically targets fibroblast activation protein (FAP), F-NOTA-FAPI, in a radiation induced lung damage (RILD) rat model. High focal radiation (40, 60, or 90 Gy) was administered to a 5-mm diameter area of the right lung in Wistar rats for evaluation of RILD induction. Lung tissues exposed to 90 Gy radiation were scanned with F-NOTA-FAPI PET/CT and with F-FDG.

Preclinical evaluation and pilot clinical study of [F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 for PET imaging of rheumatoid arthritis.

Purpose: Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are key effector cells in the inflamed joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Previous studies have suggested that fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is highly expressed in RA-derived FLSs and is a specific marker of activated RA FLSs. In this study, we developed aluminum-[F]-labeled 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-N,N',N″-triacetic acid-conjugated FAP inhibitor 04 ([F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04) to image RA-FLSs in vitro and arthritic joints in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice and RA patients.

[F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04: FAP-targeting specificity, biodistribution, and PET/CT imaging of various cancers.

Purpose: In this pilot study, we developed a new tracer, [F]AlF-labeled FAPI-04 chelated with NOTA, denoted as [F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04, and tested the specificity, biodistribution, and clinical application for PET/computed tomography (CT) imaging of various types of cancers in patients.

Methods: In vitro binding specificity of FAPI-04 to FAP was verified in U87 cells confocal of a fluorescence-labeled variant. In vivo imaging, competition, and dynamic scanning analyses were conducted to evaluate [F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 imaging in xenograft mouse model using small-animal PET/CT.

Tumor angiogenesis at baseline identified by F-Alfatide II PET/CT may predict survival among patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Background: The study investigated the predictive value of tumor angiogenesis observed by F-ALF-NOTA-PRGD2 II (denoted as F-Alfatide II) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) before concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for treatment response and survival among patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC).

Methods: Patients with unresectable stage IIIA or IIIB NSCLC (AJCC Cancer Staging 7th Edition) who received CCRT were included in this prospective study. All patients had undergone F-Alfatide PET/CT scanning before CCRT, and analyzed parameters included maximum uptake values (SUV) of primary tumor (SUV) and metastatic lymph nodes (SUV) and mean uptake value of blood pool (SUV).

Genomic Correlates of Unfavorable Outcome in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation.

Purpose: Neoadjuvant therapy modality can increase the operability rate and mitigate pathological risks in locally advanced cervical cancer, but treatment response varies widely. It remains unclear whether genetic alterations correlate with the response to neoadjuvant therapy and disease-free survival (DFS) in locally advanced cervical cancer.

Materials And Methods: A total of 62 locally advanced cervical cancer (stage IB-IIA) patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation plus radical hysterectomy were retrospectively analyzed.

[F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT uptake in metastatic lesions on PET/CT imaging might distinguish different pathological types of lung cancer.

Purpose: Heterogeneity is found in the tumor microenvironment among different pathological types of tumors. Radionuclide-labeled fibroblast-activation-protein inhibitor (FAPI), as an important tracer for non-invasive imaging of the tumor microenvironment, can be used to evaluate the expression of FAP in cancer-associated fibroblasts, macrophages, and tumor cells. Our aim was to explore the ability of [F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) to distinguish different types of lung cancer by evaluating the uptake of this tracer in primary and metastatic lesions.

Assessing the response of vegetation change to drought during 2009-2018 in Yunnan Province, China.

Yunnan Province in southwest China is characterized by a vast area, diverse climate types, rich ecosystem types, and unique biodiversity resources. With consideration of global climate change, there is an urgent need to evaluate the response of vegetation to drought in Yunnan. This study utilized the MOD13A3, MOD17A2, and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B43 remote sensing products.

Validating METCAM/MUC18 as a Novel Biomarker to Predict the Malignant Potential of Prostate Cancer at an Early Stage by Using a Modified Gold Nanoparticles-Based Lateral Flow Immunoassay.

(1) Background: To further validate METCAM/MUC18 as a diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer, a modified Lateral Flow Immune Assay (LFIA) with increased sensitivity and specificity was designed by taking advantage of the extremely high affinity between biotin and streptavidin and used. (2) Methods: The combination of a commercial biotinylated rabbit antibody (EPP11278), or the home-made biotinylated chicken antibody, and the nano-gold conjugated home-made chicken antibody or a commercial rabbit antibody (EPP11278), had the higher sensitivity and specificity in this modified LFIA to establish calibration curves from the two recombinant METCAM/MUC18 proteins and were used for determining METCAM/MUC18 concentrations in serum specimens from normal individuals, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) patients, prostate cancer patients with various Gleason scores, and treated patients. (3) Results: Data obtained by this modified LFIA were statistically better than traditional LFIA and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test.

Remote sensing estimation of chlorophyll-a concentration in Taihu Lake considering spatial and temporal variations.

The estimation of chlorophyll-a concentrations (Chla) in lakes using remote sensing is convenient, but its use remains challenging in large eutrophic water bodies due to the great spatial and temporal variations of its optical properties. Combining the sampling location and date information with Chla data, this study divided the lake water into three types, I, II and III, and then built an optimal Chla estimation model for each type based on 11 datasets collected from 2004 to 2012 in Taihu Lake, China. The resultant model expression is Chla = exp (ax + bx + c), where x is R701/R677, (1/R686-1/R695) × R710 and (R690/R550-R675/R700) / (R690/R550 + R675/R700).

Relationship Between Clinicopathological Characteristics and PET/CT Uptake in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: [F]Alfatide versus [F]FDG.

Purpose: To assess a novel radiotracer aluminum [F]fluoride-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-triacetic acid-pegylated dimeric RGD ([F]ALF-NOTA-PRGD, denoted as [F]Alfatide) for positron emission tomography (PET)/X-ray computed tomography (CT) and explore the relationships between clinicopathological characteristics and maximum standard uptake values in primary (SUV) and metastatic lymph nodes (SUV) of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), as verified by pathologic examination and compared with those obtained with 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose ([F]DG) PET.

Procedures: We prospectively enrolled patients with newly diagnosed ESCC who agreed to undergo [F]Alfatide PET/CT or [F]FDG PET/CT scans before surgery at Shandong Cancer Hospital from May 2011 to July 2017. SUVs and the pathological tumor-node-metastasis (pTNM) stages of primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) were measured and confirmed pathologically.

To Explore a Representative Hypoxic Parameter to Predict the Treatment Response and Prognosis Obtained by [F]FMISO-PET in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: To explore a representative hypoxic parameter to predict the treatment response and prognosis for [F]fluoromisonidazole ([F]FMISO) positron emission tomography (PET)/X-ray computed tomography (CT) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Procedures: Twenty-nine patients with NSCLC underwent FMISO-PET scans before chemoradiotherapy (CRT). The maximum standard uptake values (SUVmax) in the tumor, normal lung, aortic arch, and vertical ridge muscle were measured, and the tumor-to-lung (T/L) ratios, tumor-to-blood (T/B) ratios, ands tumor-to-muscle (T/M) ratios were calculated and analyzed.

Effects of a Community Care Station Program With Structured Exercise Intervention on Physical Performance and Balance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Prospective 2-Year Observational Study.

The Taiwanese government has developed community care stations (CCSs) for community-based older adult care. We investigated the effects of a structured exercise intervention, applied at CCS for 6 months, on physical performance and balance in community-dwelling older adults, including a 2-year reassessment. Fifty-eight participants (aged 76.