Prediction of non-dipper blood pressure pattern in Chinese patients with hypertension using a nomogram model.

Non-dipper blood pressure has been shown to affect cardiovascular outcomes and cognitive function in patients with hypertension. Although some studies have explored the influencing factors of non-dipper blood pressure, there is still relatively little research on constructing a prediction model. This study aimed to develop and validate a simple and practical nomogram prediction model and explore relevant elements that could affect the dipper blood pressure relationship in patients with hypertension.

PtNPs/PEDOT:PSS-Modified Microelectrode Arrays for Detection of the Discharge of Head Direction Cells in the Retrosplenial Cortex of Rats under Dissociation between Visual and Vestibular Inputs.

The electrophysiological activities of head direction (HD) cells under visual and vestibular input dissociation are important to understanding the formation of the sense of direction in animals. In this paper, we fabricated a PtNPs/PEDOT:PSS-modified MEA to detect changes in the discharge of HD cells under dissociated sensory conditions. The electrode shape was customized for the retrosplenial cortex (RSC) and was conducive to the sequential detection of neurons at different depths in vivo when combined with a microdriver.

PtNPs/rGO-GluOx/mPD Directionally Electroplated Dual-Mode Microelectrode Arrays for Detecting the Synergistic Relationship between the Cortex and Hippocampus of Epileptic Rats.

Precise and directional couplings of functional nanomaterials with implantable microelectrode arrays (IMEAs) are critical for the manufacture of sensitive enzyme-based electrochemical neural sensors. However, there is a gap between the microscale of IMEA and conventional bioconjugation techniques for enzyme immobilization, which leads to a series of challenges such as limited sensitivity, signal crosstalk, and high detection voltage. Here, we developed a novel method using carboxylated graphene oxide (cGO) to directionally couple the glutamate oxidase (GluOx) biomolecules onto the neural microelectrode to monitor glutamate concentration and electrophysiology in the cortex and hippocampus of epileptic rats under RuBi-GABA modulation.

Grid cell remapping under three-dimensional object and social landmarks detected by implantable microelectrode arrays for the medial entorhinal cortex.

Grid cells with stable hexagonal firing patterns in the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) carry the vital function of serving as a metric for the surrounding environment. Whether this mechanism processes only spatial information or involves nonspatial information remains elusive. Here, we fabricated an MEC-shaped microelectrode array (MEA) to detect the variation in neural spikes and local field potentials of the MEC when rats forage in a square enclosure with a planar, three-dimensional object and social landmarks in sequence.

The burst of electrophysiological signals in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of mouse during the arousal detected by microelectrode arrays.

The neural mechanisms of torpor have essential reference significance for medical methods and long-term manned space. Changes in electrophysiology of suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) conduce to revealing the neural mechanisms from the torpor to arousal. Due to the lower physiology state during the torpor, it is a challenge to detect neural activities on freely behaving mice.

PtNPs/PEDOT:PSS-Modified Microelectrode Arrays Reveal Electrophysiological Activities of Different Neurons in Medial Amygdala of Mice Under Innate Fear.

The medial amygdala (MA) plays an important role in the innate fear circuit. However, the electrophysiological mechanism of MA for processing innate fear needs to be further explored. In this study, we fabricated microelectrode arrays (MEAs) with detecting sites arranged to match the location and shape of MA in mice and detected the electrophysiology in freely behaving mice under 2-methyl-2-thiazoline (2MT)-induced fear.

Sensitive detection of electrophysiology and dopamine vesicular exocytosis of hESC-derived dopaminergic neurons using multifunctional microelectrode array.

Clinical transplantation of human embryonic stem cells derived dopaminergic neurons (hESC-DDNs) is expected to be a potential therapy for treating neurodegenerative diseases. However, the assessment of the physiological functions, including electrophysiology and dopamine (DA) vesicular exocytosis of hESC-DDNs are not impeccable currently, which deeply limits the clinical application of hESC-DDNs. To overcome this challenge, we developed a multifunctional microelectrode array (MEA) which can detect both electrophysiological signals and DA vesicular exocytosis.

Neuronal Electrophysiological Activities Detection of Defense Behaviors Using an Implantable Microelectrode Array in the Dorsal Periaqueductal Gray.

Defense is the basic survival mechanism of animals when facing dangers. Previous studies have shown that the midbrain periaqueduct gray (PAG) was essential for the production of defense responses. However, the correlation between the endogenous neuronal activities of the dorsal PAG (dPAG) and different defense behaviors was still unclear.

Multifunctional self-driven origami paper-based integrated microfluidic chip to detect CRP and PAB in whole blood.

Gastrointestinal fistula, a complication of gastrointestinal cancer surgery, has a high mortality rate. Detection of both C-reactive protein (CRP) and prealbumin (PAB) is advantageous in the auxiliary diagnosis of postoperative complications. However, traditional detection methods are not capable of on-site rapid detection.

PtNPs/Short MWCNT-PEDOT: PSS-Modified Microelectrode Array to Detect Neuronal Firing Patterns in the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus and Hippocampus of Insomnia Rats.

Research on the intracerebral mechanism of insomnia induced by serotonin (5-HT) deficiency is indispensable. In order to explore the effect of 5-HT deficiency-induced insomnia on brain regions related to memory in rats, we designed and fabricated a microelectrode array that simultaneously detects the electrical activity of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and hippocampus in normal, insomnia and recovery rats in vivo. In the DRN and hippocampus of insomnia rats, our results showed that the spike amplitudes decreased by 40.

PtNPt/MWCNT-PEDOT:PSS-Modified Microelectrode Arrays for the Synchronous Dopamine and Neural Spike Detection in Rat Models of Sleep Deprivation.

In this study, a biosensor assembly based on microelectrode arrays (MEAs) modified with PtNPt/MWCNT-PEDOT:PSS nanocomposites is presented to synchronously detect the dopamine (DA) and electrophysiological activities in rat brains. Different morphological and electrochemical characterizations were conducted to show the excellent mechanical and electrical properties of the as-prepared probes. The developed biosensors realized the sensitive and selective detection of DA with the existence of significant interferences such as uric acid (UA), ascorbic acid (AA), glutamate (Glu), and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC).

PDMS-Parylene Hybrid, Flexible Micro-ECoG Electrode Array for Spatiotemporal Mapping of Epileptic Electrophysiological Activity from Multicortical Brain Regions.

Epilepsy detection and focus location are urgent issues that need to be solved in epilepsy research. A cortex conformable and fine spatial accuracy electrocorticogram (ECoG) sensor array, especially for real-time detection of multicortical functional regions and delineating epileptic focus remains a challenge. Here, we fabricated a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-parylene hybrid, flexible micro-ECoG electrode array.

SWCNTs/PEDOT:PSS-Modified Microelectrode Arrays for Dual-Mode Detection of Electrophysiological Signals and Dopamine Concentration in the Striatum under Isoflurane Anesthesia.

Accurate detection of the degree of isoflurane anesthesia during a surgery is important to avoid the risk of overdose isoflurane anesthesia timely. To address this challenge, a four-shank implantable microelectrode array (MEA) was fabricated for the synchronous real-time detection of dual-mode signals [electrophysiological signal and dopamine (DA) concentration] in rat striatum. The SWCNTs/PEDOT:PSS nanocomposites were modified onto the MEAs, which significantly improved the electrical and electrochemical performances of the MEAs.

In Vivo Microelectrode Arrays for Detecting Multi-Region Epileptic Activities in the Hippocampus in the Latent Period of Rat Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a form of refractory focal epilepsy, which includes a latent period and a chronic period. Microelectrode arrays capable of multi-region detection of neural activities are important for accurately identifying the epileptic focus and pathogenesis mechanism in the latent period of TLE. Here, we fabricated multi-shank MEAs to detect neural activities in the DG, hilus, CA3, and CA1 in the TLE rat model.

Postnatal AVP treatments prevent social deficit in adolescence of valproic acid-induced rat autism model.

Studies have shown that arginine-vasopressin (AVP) is an important neuropeptide regulating social behaviors. The present work aimed to detect changes in the AVP numbers and level in a valproic acid (VPA)-induced rat model of autism and the underlying mechanism of its pathogenesis. Our results indicated that infants exposed to VPA showed obviously impaired communication and repetitive behaviors with reduced number of AVP-ir cells in paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Research on the Characteristics of Action Potentials and Local Field Potentials in Cortex of Parkinson's Disease Mode Monkey.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by excessively synchronized neural activity. In this paper, we recorded electrophysiological signals in Cortex of normal and PD mode monkey using homemade implantable microelectrode arrays (MEA), and analyzed the characteristics of action potentials (APs) and local field potentials (LFPs). Results showed that, comparing to normal monkey, the spike-firing activity of PD mode monkey could be divided into two stages: the continuous spike-firing stage and the burst spike-firing stage.

In Vivo Optogenetic Modulation with Simultaneous Neural Detection Using Microelectrode Array Integrated with Optical Fiber.

The detection of neuroelectrophysiology while performing optogenetic modulation can provide more reliable and useful information for neural research. In this study, an optical fiber and a microelectrode array were integrated through hot-melt adhesive bonding, which combined optogenetics and electrophysiological detection technology to achieve neuromodulation and neuronal activity recording. We carried out the experiments on the activation and electrophysiological detection of infected neurons at the depth range of 900-1250 μm in the brain which covers hippocampal CA1 and a part of the upper cortical area, analyzed a possible local inhibition circuit by combining opotogenetic modulation and electrophysiological characteristics and explored the effects of different optical patterns and light powers on the neuromodulation.

CB1-Antibody Modified Liposomes for Targeted Modulation of Epileptiform Activities Synchronously Detected by Microelectrode Arrays.

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a focal, recurrent, and refractory neurological disorder. Therefore, precisely targeted treatments for TLE are greatly needed. We designed anti-CB1 liposomes that can bind to CB1 receptors in the hippocampus to deliver photocaged compounds (ruthenium bipyridine triphenylphosphine γ-aminobutyric acid, RuBi-GABA) in the TLE rats.

Implanted multichannel microelectrode array for simultaneous electrophysiological signal detection of hippocampal CA1 and DG neurons of simulated microgravity rats.

Microgravity can cause body fluids to accumulate in the brain, resulting in brain damage. There are few studies that focus on the detection of electrophysiological signals in simulated microgravity rats, and the precise mechanisms are unknown. In this study, a new device was established to investigate the influence of microgravity on hippocampal neurons.

Flexible Electrocorticography Electrode Array for Epileptiform Electrical Activity Recording under Glutamate and GABA Modulation on the Primary Somatosensory Cortex of Rats.

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder. There is still a lack of methods to accurately detect cortical activity and locate lesions. In this work, a flexible electrocorticography (ECoG) electrode array based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-parylene was fabricated to detect epileptiform activity under glutamate (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) modulation on primary somatosensory cortex of rats.

MicroRNA-424-5p regulates aortic smooth muscle cell function in atherosclerosis by blocking APOC3-mediated nuclear factor-κB signalling pathway.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? What is the role of microRNA-424-5p (miR-424-5p) in aortic smooth muscle cells? How does miR-424-5p function as a suppressor of the inflammatory response? What is the main finding and its importance? Upregulation of miR-424-5p inhibits the inflammatory response in aortic smooth muscle cells. miR-424-5p inactivates the nuclear factor-κB signalling pathway through the downregulation of apolipoprotein C3.

Abstract: Dysregulated aortic smooth muscle cells in chronic inflammation result in plaque formation in atherosclerosis (AS), which is a systemic disease that affects the large arteries with the activation of inflammatory pathways as a key process in its pathogenesis.

Neonatal Oxytocin Treatment Ameliorates Autistic-Like Behaviors and Oxytocin Deficiency in Valproic Acid-Induced Rat Model of Autism.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impaired social communication and repetitive/stereotyped behaviors. The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) plays a critical role in regulating social behaviors in the central nervous system, as indicated in both human and animal studies. We hypothesized that central OXT deficit is one of causes of etiology of ASD, which may be responsible for the social impairments.

Mir-23a inhibition attenuates ischemic/reperfusion-induced myocardial apoptosis by targeting XIAP.

MicroRNAs are a group of single-strand, non-coding RNAs that inhibit the translation of protein-coding genes. Recent studies indicated that miRNAs are broadly involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases, including arrhythmia, hypertrophy, heart failure and cardiac injury. In this study, we report that miR-23a, a tumor suppressor, acts as an apoptotic promoter in rats undergoing ischemic/reperfusion.

Plasma Oxytocin and Arginine-Vasopressin Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in China: Associations with Symptoms.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is defined by impairments of social interaction and the presence of obsessive behaviors. The "twin" nonapeptides oxytocin (OXT) and arginine-vasopressin (AVP) are known to play regulatory roles in social behaviors. However, the plasma levels and behavioral relevance of OXT and AVP in children with ASD have seldom been investigated.