Tetrodotoxin Profiles in Xanthid Crab and Blue-Lined Octopus cf. from the Same Site in Nagasaki, Japan.

The xanhid crab and the blue-lined octopus cf. have long been known as TTX-bearing organisms. It has been speculated that the TTX possessed by both organisms is exogenously toxic through the food chain, since they are reported to have geographic and individual differences.

Geographic Variations in the Toxin Profile of the Xanthid Crab in a Single Reef on Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, Japan.

Toxic crabs of the family Xanthidae contain saxitoxins (STXs) and/or tetrodotoxin (TTX), but the toxin ratio differs depending on their habitat. In the present study, to clarify within reef variations in the toxin profile of xanthid crabs, we collected specimens of the toxic xanthid crab and their sampling location within a single reef (Yoshihara reef) on Ishigaki Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, in 2018 and 2019. The STXs/TTX content within the appendages and viscera or stomach contents of each specimen was determined by instrumental analyses.

Change in Paralytic Shellfish Toxins in the Mussel Depending on Dynamics of Harmful (Group I) in the Geoje Coast (South Korea) during Bloom Season.

Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) produced by (formerly ) in Korean coastal waters caused the deaths of four people (in 1986 and 1996) who consumed contaminated mussels (). This led to more detailed consideration of the risks of PST outbreaks and incidents in Korea, including the introduction of shellfish collection bans. In this study, we investigated the relationships between population dynamics and PST accumulation in the mussel Discharges from the Nakdong River affect the environmental conditions along the Geoje coast, resulting in low salinity and high nutrient levels that trigger blooms of .