Relics of interspecific hybridization retained in the genome of a drought-adapted peanut cultivar.

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a globally important oil and food crop frequently grown in arid, semi-arid, or dryland environments. Improving drought tolerance is a key goal for peanut crop improvement efforts.

Antibiotics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in marine food webs of the Yellow River Estuary: Occurrence, trophic transfer, and human health risks.

Antibiotics and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common environmental contaminants in the aquatic region encompassing the estuary of the Yellow River and Laizhou Bay. But little information is available about the trophic transfer of antibiotics and PAHs in the marine food web of this area. This study investigated the occurrence and trophic transfer of 19 antibiotics and 16 PAHs in marine organisms from a food web of Laizhou Bay of the Yellow River estuary.

Production and prediction of hydroxyl radicals in distinct redox-fluctuation zones of the Yellow River Estuary.

Hydroxyl radicals (·OH) produced in subsurface sediments play an important role in biogeochemical cycles. One of the major sources of·OH in sediments is associated with reduced compounds (e.g.

Part2Point: A Part-Oriented Point Cloud Reconstruction Framework.

Three-dimensional object modeling is necessary for developing virtual and augmented reality applications. Traditionally, application engineers must manually use art software to edit object shapes or exploit LIDAR to scan physical objects for constructing 3D models. This is very time-consuming and costly work.

Hydroxyl radical production by abiotic oxidation of pyrite under estuarine conditions: The effects of aging, seawater anions and illumination.

Pyrite is widely distributed in estuarine sediments as an inexpensive natural Fenton-like reagent, however, the mechanism on the hydroxyl radical (HO) production by pyrite under estuarine environmental conditions is still poorly understood. The batch experiments were performed to investigate the effects of estuarine conditions including aging (in air, in water), seawater anions (Cl, Br and HCO) and light on the HO production by pyrite oxidation. The one-electron transfer dominated the process from O to HO induced by oxidation of pyrite.

Persistence of human- and cattle-associated Bacteroidales and mitochondrial DNA markers in freshwater mesocosms.

Accurate identification of the origins of non-point source pollution is essential for the effective control of fecal pollution. Host-associated Bacteroidales and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers have been developed to identify the sources of human and cattle fecal pollution. However, the differences in persistence between these two types of markers under different environmental conditions are still poorly understood.

Effects of soil solarization combined with manure-amended on soil ARGs and microbial communities during summer fallow.

Soil solarization (SS) is a technique for managing pathogens and weeds, which involves covering with transparent plastic to increase soil temperature during summer fallow (SF). However, SS also alters the diversity of bacterial communities. Therefore, during SF, various organic modifiers are used in combination with SS to improve its efficacy.

β-FeOOH/TiO/cellulose nanocomposite aerogel as a novel heterogeneous photocatalyst for highly efficient photo-Fenton degradation.

The photo-Fenton reaction provides an effective strategy for the removal of organic pollution in water environments. However, it remains a great challenge to develop photo-Fenton catalysts with high photocatalytic activity, low catalyst losses and excellent recyclability. In this work, a β-FeOOH/TiO/cellulose nanocomposite aerogel was fabricated as an efficient and convenient heterogeneous catalyst in the photo-Fenton system synthesis of TiO and β-FeOOH NPs on a cellulose-based aerogel.

Functionalization of cellulosic hydrogels with CuO@CuO nanospheres: Toward antifouling applications.

Immobilizing metal oxide nanoparticles onto polymer substrate could endow antibacterial performance and enhance mechanical property. In-situ strategy is extensively used to better control loading percentage, uniform distribution and particle size of nanoparticles. However, it still remains challenge in depositing stable bicomponents copper oxide nanoparticles on non-adhesive surface of cellulose hydrogel in high density.

Transcriptome Profile Reveals Drought-Induced Genes Preferentially Expressed in Response to Water Deficit in Cultivated Peanut ( L.).

Cultivated peanut () is one of the most widely grown food legumes in the world, being valued for its high protein and unsaturated oil contents. Drought stress is one of the major constraints that limit peanut production. This study's objective was to identify the drought-responsive genes preferentially expressed under drought stress in different peanut genotypes.

[Ultrasound-guided core-needle biopsy diagnosis of thyroid T-cell lymphoma: a case report].

The rare entity of primary T-cell lymphoma of thyroid gland may pose great diagnostic challenges to the clinician. We report a case of malignant T-cell lymphoma of the thyroid gland that developed in a 36-year-old man with a past history of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The chief complaint was a rapidly growing neck mass and pressure symptoms.

Role of acid treatment combined with the use of urea in forming cellulose hydrogel.

Fast-swelling, porous cellulose hydrogels (PCHs) were generated via simple acid treatment of cellulose hydrogel prepared in NaOH/urea medium. Structural characteristics of the PCHs were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Swelling behavior was assessed by measuring the swelling kinetics in deionized water.

Comparison of microbial source tracking efficacy for detection of cattle fecal contamination by quantitative PCR.

Identification of fecal contamination sources in surface water has become heavily dependent on quantitative PCR (qPCR) because this technique allows for the rapid enumeration of fecal indicator bacteria as well as the detection and quantification of fecal source-associated genetic markers in the environment. Identification of contamination sources in impaired waters is a prerequisite for developing best management practices to reduce future pollution. Proper management decisions rely on the quality and interpretation of qPCR data.

Global ammonia emissions from synthetic nitrogen fertilizer applications in agricultural systems: Empirical and process-based estimates and uncertainty.

Excessive ammonia (NH ) emitted from nitrogen (N) fertilizer applications in global croplands plays an important role in atmospheric aerosol production, resulting in visibility reduction and regional haze. However, large uncertainty exists in the estimates of NH emissions from global and regional croplands, which utilize different data and methods. In this study, we have coupled a process-based Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model (DLEM) with the bidirectional NH exchange module in the Community Multiscale Air-Quality (CMAQ) model (DLEM-Bi-NH ) to quantify NH emissions at the global and regional scale, and crop-specific NH emissions globally at a spatial resolution of 0.

Stereocomplexation Assisted Assembly of Poly(γ-glutamic Acid)-graft-polylactide Nano-micelles and Their Efficacy as Anticancer Drug Carrier.

Background: Micelles as drug carriers are characterized by their inherent instability due to the weak physical interactions that facilitate the self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers. As one of the strong physical interactions, the stereocomplexation between the equal molar of enantiomeric polylactides, i.e.

The function of two P450s, CYP9M10 and CYP6AA7, in the permethrin resistance of Culex quinquefasciatus.

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases play a critical role in insecticide resistance by allowing resistant insects to metabolize insecticides. Previous studies revealed that two P450 genes, CYP9M10 and CYP6AA7, are not only up-regulated but also induced in resistant Culex mosquitoes. In this study, CYP9M10 and CYP6AA7 were separately co-expressed with cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) in insect Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells using a baculovirus-mediated expression system and the enzymatic activity and metabolic ability of CYP9M10/CPR and CYP6AA7/CPR to permethrin and its metabolites, including 3-phenoxybenzoic alcohol (PBOH) and 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde (PBCHO), characterized.

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on soil nutrient concentration and phosphatase activity and forage nutrient uptake from a grazed pasture system.

Over a 3-year period, the effect of differing N-application regimes on soil extractable-P concentration, soil phosphatase activity, and forage P uptake in a P-enriched grazed-pasture system was investigated. In the fall of each year, six 0.28-ha plots were overseeded with triticale ( × Triticosecale rimpaui Wittm.

Degradation of aqueous and soil-sorbed estradiol using a new class of stabilized manganese oxide nanoparticles.

Manganese oxide (MnO₂) was reported to be effective for degrading aqueous pharmaceutical chemicals. However, little is known about its potential use for degrading soil-sorbed contaminants. To bridge this knowledge gap, we synthesized, for the first time, a class of stabilized MnO₂ nanoparticles using carboxymethyl celluloses (CMC) as a stabilizer, and tested their effectiveness for degrading aqueous and soil-sorbed estradiol.

Competitive biodegradation of dichlobenil and atrazine coexisting in soil amended with a char and citrate.

The role of char nutrients in the biodegradation of coexisting dichlobenil and atrazine in a soil by their respective bacterial degraders, DDN and ADP, was evaluated. Under growing conditions, their degradation in soil extract was slow with <40% and <20% degraded within 64 h, respectively. The degradation in extracts and slurries of char-amended solids increased with increasing char content, due to nutritional stimulation on microbial activities.

Population dynamics and genetic variability of Escherichia coli in a mixed land-use watershed.

Better understanding of Escherichia coli population dynamics and genetic variability in the secondary habitat is essential to improve fecal contamination monitoring and contamination pathway characterization. In this study, water samples were collected monthly over a one-year period at eight locations in the Catoma Creek watershed, a mixed land-use watershed in Central Alabama. E.

Evolutionary and biomedical insights from the rhesus macaque genome.

The rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) is an abundant primate species that diverged from the ancestors of Homo sapiens about 25 million years ago. Because they are genetically and physiologically similar to humans, rhesus monkeys are the most widely used nonhuman primate in basic and applied biomedical research. We determined the genome sequence of an Indian-origin Macaca mulatta female and compared the data with chimpanzees and humans to reveal the structure of ancestral primate genomes and to identify evidence for positive selection and lineage-specific expansions and contractions of gene families.

Anaerobic digestion potential for ecological and decentralised sanitation in urban areas.

The potential of anaerobic digestion in ecological and decentralised sanitation has been investigated in this research. Different anaerobic digestion systems were proposed for the treatment of sewage, grey water, black water and faeces. Moreover, mathematical models based on anaerobic digestion model no.

Predominance of char sorption over substrate concentration and soil pH in influencing biodegradation of benzonitrile.

Incomplete combustion of field crop residues results in the production of char, a material rich in charcoal-type substances. Consequently, char is an effective adsorbent of organic compounds and when incorporated into soil may adsorb soil-applied pesticides, thereby altering their susceptibility to biodegradation. We investigated the relative importance of char, soil pH and initial substrate concentration in biodegradation of pesticides in soils by measuring the biodegradation of benzonitrile in soil as a function of soil char content (0% and 1% by weight), initial benzonitrile concentration (0.