Exogenous Melatonin Improves Drought Tolerance by Regulating the Antioxidant Defense System and Photosynthetic Efficiency in Fodder Soybean Seedings.

Fodder soybean ( L.) with high protein and yield is a popular forage grass in northeast China. Seasonal drought inhibits its growth and development during seedling stage.

Detecting residual disease after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: The prospective multicentre preSINO trial.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) may lead to clinical complete response (cCR). It is important to know the accuracy of clinical response evaluations (CREs) before advocating active surveillance instead of oesophagectomy.

Methods: This was a prospective, multicentre study of patients with locally advanced OSCC.

Examining the link between adherence to the planetary health diet pattern and mortality in the us: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Though the Planetary Health Diet (PHD) is designed to enhance both human and environmental health, there is limited understanding of how adherence to PHD influences the risk of mortality in the general US adult population. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the Planetary Health Diet Index for the United States (PHDI-US) and mortality among adults in the overall population of the United States.

Methods: The PHDI-US comprises 16 components, assigned scores ranging from 0 to 150, with higher scores signifying a greater level of adherence to the PHD.

Exploring Tetraselmis chui microbiomes-functional metagenomics for novel catalases and superoxide dismutases.

The focus on microalgae for applications in several fields, e.g. resources for biofuel, the food industry, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, biotechnology, and healthcare, has gained increasing attention over the last decades.

Safety assessment of ezetimibe: real-world adverse event analysis from the FAERS database.

Background: Ezetimibe is known for its lipid-lowering safety and tolerability, but its real-world adverse effects have not been fully evaluated. In this study, adverse events associated with ezetimibe were investigated using the FAERS database for the period 2004 to 2023.

Research Design And Methods: Adverse events data for ezetimibe, spanning from the first quarter of 2004 to the fourth quarter of 2023, were standardized and analyzed using signal quantification methods like Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Multi-item Gamma Poisson Shrinker (EBGM).

Characterizing Y224 conformational flexibility in FtmOx1-catalysis using F NMR spectroscopy.

α-Ketoglutarate-dependent non-haem iron (αKG-NHFe) enzymes play a crucial role in natural product biosynthesis, and in some cases exhibiting multifunctional catalysis capability. This study focuses on αKG-NHFe enzyme FtmOx1, which catalyzes endoperoxidation, dealkylation, and alcohol oxidation reactions in verruculogen biosynthesis. We explore the hypothesis that the conformational dynamics of the active site Y224 confer the multifunctional activities of FtmOx1-catalysis.

Cephalic to jugular vein bypass surgery of subclavian vein stenosis for arteriovenous fistula salvage in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Background: Ipsilateral subclavian vein stenosis in a well-functioning upper extremity arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is a significant factor contributing to AVF failure and sometimes swelling of ipsilateral upper extremity. Graft bypass surgery can alleviate outflow tract stenosis in upper extremity AVF, restore function, and efficiently relieve arm swelling. The present study aimed to evaluate patency and postoperative complications after cephalic to jugular graft bypass surgery in patients with upper extremity AVF failure or upper extremity swelling on the same side of the AVF resulting from ipsilateral subclavian vein stenosis.

Differentiating Separate Primary Lung Adenocarcinomas From Intrapulmonary Metastases With Emphasis on Pathological and Molecular Considerations: Recommendations From the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer Pathology Committee.

Introduction: With the implementation of low-dose computed tomography screening, multiple pulmonary tumor nodules are diagnosed with increasing frequency and the selection of surgical treatments versus systemic therapies has become challenging on a daily basis in clinical practice. In the presence of multiple carcinomas, especially adenocarcinomas, pathologically determined to be of pulmonary origin, the distinction between separate primary lung carcinomas (SPLCs) and intrapulmonary metastases (IPMs) is important for staging, management, and prognostication.

Methods: We systemically reviewed various means that aid in the differentiation between SPLCs and IPMs explored by histopathologic evaluation and molecular profiling, the latter includes DNA microsatellite analysis, array comparative genomic hybridization, TP53 and oncogenic driver mutation testing and, more recently, with promising effectiveness, next-generation sequencing comprising small- or large-scale multi-gene panels.

Photobiocatalytic Platform for the Efficient Enantio-Divergent Synthesis of β-Fluoromethylated Ketones.

β-Fluoromethyl (CHF, CHF, and CF)-substituted chiral ketones are essential moieties and are vital building blocks in pharmaceutical and agrochemistry. However, general and convenient methods for enantio-diverse access to diverse β-fluoromethylated ketones are lacking, hindering the further development of these functional moieties. In this study, we developed an ene-reductase-based photobiocatalytic platform for efficient synthesis of enantio-divergent β-fluoromethylated chiral ketones.

Homologous recombination deficiency score is an independent prognostic factor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) represents an impairment in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway, crucial for repairing DNA double-strand breaks and contributing to genomic instability in cancer. The HRD score may be a more reliable biomarker than HRR-related gene mutations for identifying patients sensitive to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors. Despite its relevance in various cancers, the HRD score remains underexplored in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Effects of temperature, relative humidity and soil organic carbon content on soil-air partitioning coefficients of volatile PFAS.

Soil-air partitioning coefficient (K) values are often used to assess the environmental fate of organic contaminants in soil. Till now, sufficient K values have not yet been measured for many compounds of interest, including some emerging pollutants such as volatile PFAS. Moreover, the effects of environmental factors such as temperature, relative humidity and soil organic carbon content on K of volatile PFAS are also unclear.

Predictive value of fine fibrillatory wave for declining eGFR in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation: Long-term follow-up study.

Background: Renal dysfunction has been identified as a risk factor for both stroke and bleeding events in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients, yet the mechanisms remain unclear. We examines the connection between fine fibrillatory wave and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline, alongside chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: Persistent AF patients admitted to Jinan University's First Affiliated Hospital from January 2019 to June 2023 were enrolled.

Hollow dodecahedral ZnCdS@NiCo-mixed metal oxide p-n heterojunction with high-efficiency photocatalytic hydrogen production activity.

The growing demand for clean and sustainable energy has driven extensive research into efficient photocatalysts for hydrogen production. However, many semiconductor photocatalysts in this field still face the challenges such as wide band gap, limited visible light absorption, and inefficient separation and transport of photoinduced charges. In this study, nickel-cobalt layered double hydroxide (NiCo-LDH) was synthesized using an "etch-and-grow" method with zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) as a sacrificial template, followed by high-temperature calcination to produce nickel-cobalt mixed metal oxide (NiCo-MMO).

SLC7A11 protects luminal A breast cancer cells against ferroptosis induced by CDK4/6 inhibitors.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors (CDK4/6 inhibitors) can significantly extend tumor response in patients with metastatic luminal A breast cancer, yet intrinsic and acquired resistance remains a prevalent issue. Understanding the molecular features of CDK4/6 inhibitor sensitivity and the potential efficacy of their combination with novel targeted cell death inducers may lead to improved patient outcomes. Herein, we demonstrate that ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation, partly underpins the efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors.

Novel molecular subtypes of METex14 non-small cell lung cancer with distinct biological and clinical significance.

Not all MET exon 14 skipping (METex14) NSCLC patients benefited from MET inhibitors. We hypothesized an inter-tumoral heterogeneity in METex14 NSCLC. Investigations at genomic and transcriptomic level were conducted in METex14 NSCLC samples from stage I-III and recurrent/metastatic patients as discovery and validation cohort.

Multiregion exome sequencing indicates a monoclonal origin of esophageal spindle-cell squamous cell carcinoma.

Esophageal spindle-cell squamous cell carcinoma (ESS) is a rare biphasic neoplasm composed of a carcinomatous component (CaC) and a sarcomatous component (SaC). However, the genomic origin and gene signature of ESS remain unclear. Using whole-exome sequencing of laser-capture microdissection (LCM) tumor samples, we determined that CaC and SaC showed high mutational commonality, with the same top high-frequency mutant genes, mutation signatures, and tumor mutation burden; paired samples shared a median of 25.

Real-world data on ALK rearrangement test in Chinese advanced non-small cell lung cancer (RATICAL): a nationwide multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) test in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can help physicians provide target therapies for patients harboring ALK gene rearrangement. This study aimed to investigate the real-world test patterns and positive rates of ALK gene rearrangements in advanced NSCLC.

Methods: In this real-world study (ChiCTR2000030266), patients with advanced NSCLC who underwent an ALK rearrangement test in 30 medical centers in China between October 1, 2018 and December 31, 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.

Association between echocardiographic features, troponin levels, and survival time in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular events.

Introduction: This study aims to explore the predictive roles of echocardiographic parameters and biomarkers in determining outcomes among hospitalized COVID-19 patients experiencing cardiovascular events.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 49 COVID-19 patients who encountered cardiovascular events during hospitalization and underwent echocardiography. Our findings revealed notable associations between echocardiographic parameters and survival time.

Global burden of atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2021.

Aims: To devise effective preventive measures, a profound understanding of the evolving patterns and trends in atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) burdens is pivotal. Our study was designed to quantify the burden and delineate the risk factors associated with AF and AFL across 204 countries and territories spanning 1990-2021.

Methods And Results: Data pertaining to AF and AFL were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Prominent response to savolitinib monotherapy in high-grade fetal adenocarcinoma with amplification and concurrent brain metastasis: a case report.

Background: Mesenchymal-epithelial transition () represents a potential therapeutic target in various cancers, with amplification of the gene identified in a subset of patients with pulmonary adenocarcinomas. However, gene amplification is rarely observed in high-grade fetal adenocarcinoma (H-FLAC).

Case Description: Here we present a novel case of a patient diagnosed with stage IV H-FLAC harboring amplifications and treated with savolitinib.

Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis Reveals 2 Subtypes of Tumor Cells of Sclerosing Pneumocytoma With Distinct Molecular Features and Clinical Implications.

Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) is a rare, distinctive benign lung adenoma of pneumocyte origin. Despite its rarity, the tumor's unique cellular morphology has sparked ongoing debates regarding the origin of its constituent cells. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular features of PSP tumor cells and enhance our understanding of the cellular processes contributing to PSP formation and biological behavior.