Optimizing treatment administration strategies using negative mNGS results in corticosteroid-sensitive diffuse parenchymal lung diseases.

Timely adjustments of antibiotic and corticosteroid treatments are vital for patients with diffuse parenchymal lung diseases (DPLDs). In this study, 41 DPLD patients with negative metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) results who were responsive to corticosteroids were enrolled. Among these patients, about 26.

Embedded 3D printing of UV-curable thermosetting composites with continuous fiber.

Extrusion-based 3D printing methods with in-nozzle impregnation mechanisms have been extensively employed in the fabrication of continuous fiber composites. This study presents an innovative embedded 3D printing technique that addresses significant challenges associated with existing methods. The technique utilizes a deposition nozzle to precisely write continuous fibers below the resin.

Effect of smoking-related features and 731 immune cell phenotypes on esophageal cancer: a two-sample and mediated Mendelian randomized study.

Introduction: Numerous observational studies have indicated that smoking is a substantial risk factor for esophageal cancer. However, there is a shortage of research that delves into the specific causal relationship and potential mediators between the two. Our study aims to validate the correlation between smoking-related traits and esophageal cancer while exploring the possible mediating effects of immune factors.

No potential causal link between HP infection and IBD: A 2way Mendelian randomization study.

Recent epidemiological research suggests a possible negative correlation between Helicobacter pylori infection and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, conflicting studies have provided unclear evidence regarding these causal relationships. Therefore, recommending specific prevention and treatment strategies for H.

Platelets as delivery vehicles for targeted enrichment of NO to cerebral glioma for magnetic resonance imaging.

Using a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent, MRI has made substantial contributions to glioma diagnosis. Metal-free MRI agents, such as the nano free radical nitric oxide (NO) micelle, can overcome the inherent toxicity of metal-based agents in certain patient populations. However, the low spatial resolution of nano NO micelle in MRI limits its clinical development.

Utilizing Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Sunlight in Graphene Quantum Dot-Based Nano-Biohybrid Organisms for Making Carbon-Negative and Carbon-Neutral Products.

Increasing emissions of greenhouse gases compounded with legacy emissions in the earth's atmosphere poses an existential threat to human survival. One potential solution is creating carbon-negative and carbon-neutral materials, specifically for commodities used heavily throughout the globe, using a low-cost, scalable, and technologically and economically feasible process that can be deployed without the need for extensive infrastructure or skill requirements. Here, we demonstrate that nickel-functionalized graphene quantum dots (GQDs) can effectively couple to nonphotosynthetic bacteria at a cellular, molecular, and optoelectronic level, creating nanobiohybrid organisms (nanorgs) that enable the utilization of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide, air, and water into high-value-added chemicals such as ammonia (NH), ethylene (CH), isopropanol (IPA), 2,3-butanediol (BDO), C-C methyl ketones (MKs), and degradable bioplastics poly hydroxybutyrate (PHB) with high efficiency and selectivity.

Light-Driven Metabolic Pathways in Non-Photosynthetic Biohybrid Bacteria.

Biomanufacturing via microorganisms relies on carbon substrates for molecular feedstocks and a source of energy to carry out enzymatic reactions. This creates metabolic bottlenecks and lowers the efficiency for substrate conversion. Nanoparticle biohybridization with proteins and whole cell surfaces can bypass the need for redox cofactor regeneration for improved secondary metabolite production in a non-specific manner.

3D Printing of continuous fiber composites using two-stage UV curable resin.

3D printing allows for moldless fabrication of continuous fiber composites with high design freedom and low manufacturing cost per part, which makes it particularly well-suited for rapid prototyping and composite product development. Compared to thermal-curable resins, UV-curable resins enable the 3D printing of composites with high fiber content and faster manufacturing speeds. However, the printed composites exhibit low mechanical strength and weak interfacial bonding for high-performance engineering applications.

Light-driven Transformation of Carbon Monoxide into Hydrocarbons using CdS@ZnS : VFe Protein Biohybrids.

Enzymatic Fisher-Tropsch (FT) process catalyzed by vanadium (V)-nitrogenase can convert carbon monoxide (CO) to longer-chain hydrocarbons (>C2) under ambient conditions, although this process requires high-cost reducing agent(s) and/or the ATP-dependent reductase as electron and energy sources. Using visible light-activated CdS@ZnS (CZS) core-shell quantum dots (QDs) as alternative reducing equivalent for the catalytic component (VFe protein) of V-nitrogenase, we first report a CZS : VFe biohybrid system that enables effective photo-enzymatic C-C coupling reactions, hydrogenating CO into hydrocarbon fuels (up to C4) that can be hardly achieved with conventional inorganic photocatalysts. Surface ligand engineering optimizes molecular and opto-electronic coupling between QDs and the VFe protein, realizing high efficiency (internal quantum yield >56 %), ATP-independent, photon-to-fuel production, achieving an electron turnover number of >900, that is 72 % compared to the natural ATP-coupled transformation of CO into hydrocarbons by V-nitrogenase.

Effectiveness of the Lilly Connected Care Program in Improving Glycemic Management Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in China: Retrospective Real-world Study.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a worldwide public health concern. Mobile health management platforms could be a potential way to achieve effective glycemic control.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the real-world effectiveness of the Lilly Connected Care Program (LCCP) platform in glycemic control among patients with T2DM in China.

Salinity-dependent changes in branchial morphometry and Na , K -ATPase responses of euryhaline Asian sea bass, Lates calcarifer.

Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer Bloch, 1790) is a euryhaline fish widely cultured in Asia and Australia. Although it is common to culture Asian sea bass at different salinities, osmoregulatory responses of Asian sea bass during acclimation to various salinities have not been fully observed. In this study, we used scanning electron microscopy to observe the morphology of the ionocyte apical membrane of Asian sea bass acclimated to fresh water (FW), 10‰ brackish water (BW10), 20‰ brackish water (BW20), and seawater (SW; 35‰).

Nanoligomers Targeting Human miRNA for the Treatment of Severe COVID-19 Are Safe and Nontoxic in Mice.

The devastating effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have made clear a global necessity for antiviral strategies. Most fatalities associated with infection from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) result at least partially from uncontrolled host immune response. Here, we use an antisense compound targeting a previously identified microRNA (miRNA) linked to severe cases of COVID-19.

Study Design and Baseline Characteristics of Patients with T2DM in the Post-marketing Safety Study of Dulaglutide in China (TRUST-CHN).

Background: TRUST-CHN is a prospective, post-marketing safety study in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in China to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of dulaglutide in real-world clinical practice. We report here the study design and baseline characteristics of enrolled patients.

Methods: The study design was described, and baseline data were analyzed, including demographic characteristics, T2DM duration, comorbidities, dulaglutide treatment patterns, and concomitant medications.

A stomata-inspired superhydrophobic portable filter system.

Stomata, specialized functional openings distributed on the leaf surface, are used for plant respiration by allowing gas exchange, , taking in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen, and for water content regulation. Their function is vital to plant survival. Leaves with different wettability exhibit different stomata densities.

Job Absenteeism Costs of Obesity in the United States: National and State-Level Estimates.

Objective: To estimate the causal effect of obesity on job absenteeism and the associated lost productivity in the United States, both nationwide and by state.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective pooled cross-sectional analysis using the 2001 to 2016 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey and estimated two-part models of instrumental variables.

Results: Obesity, relative to normal weight, raises job absenteeism due to injury or illness by 3.

Direct medical costs of obesity in the United States and the most populous states.

After a dramatic increase in prevalence over several decades, obesity has become a major public health crisis in the United States. Research to date has consistently demonstrated a correlation between obesity and higher medical costs for a variety of U.S.

Economic value of nonsurgical weight loss in adults with obesity.

Obesity imposes a substantial economic burden on the United States. The short-term value of nonsurgical weight loss (WL) and nonsurgical sustained WL (i.e.

Gold nanoclusters cause selective light-driven biochemical catalysis in living nano-biohybrid organisms.

Living nano-biohybrid organisms or nanorgs combine the specificity and well-designed surface chemistry of an enzyme catalyst site, with the strong light absorption and efficient charge injection (for biocatalytic reaction) from inorganic materials. Previous efforts in harvesting sunlight for renewable and sustainable photochemical conversion of inexpensive feedstocks to biochemicals using nanorgs focused on the design of semiconductor nanoparticles or quantum dots (QDs). However, metal nanoparticles and nanoclusters (NCs), such as gold (Au), offer strong light absorption properties and biocompatibility for potential application in living nanorgs.

Photophysical Color Tuning for Photon Upconverting Nanoparticles.

Generating a single higher-energy photon from several photons with lower energy, or photon upconversion, can have useful applications in renewable energy and biological imaging. However, efficient utilization of sub-bandgap infrared radiation in these optoelectronic devices requires high upconversion efficiency and precise tunability of emitted visible light. Although several studies have utilized chemical doping to tune the color of upconverted light, low upconversion efficiency can limit their applicability.

Nanorg Microbial Factories: Light-Driven Renewable Biochemical Synthesis Using Quantum Dot-Bacteria Nanobiohybrids.

Living cells do not interface naturally with nanoscale materials, although such artificial organisms can have unprecedented multifunctional properties, like wireless activation of enzyme function using electromagnetic stimuli. Realizing such interfacing in a nanobiohybrid organism (or nanorg) requires (1) chemical coupling via affinity binding and self-assembly, (2) the energetic coupling between optoelectronic states of artificial materials with the cellular process, and (3) the design of appropriate interfaces ensuring biocompatibility. Here we show that seven different core-shell quantum dots (QDs), with excitations ranging from ultraviolet to near-infrared energies, couple with targeted enzyme sites in bacteria.

Assessing Different Reactive Oxygen Species as Potential Antibiotics: Selectivity of Intracellular Superoxide Generation Using Quantum Dots.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) represent a broad range of chemical species including superoxide, hydroxyl, singlet oxygen, and hydrogen peroxide. Each species behaves differently in the cellular environment. Some can play specific roles as intracellular signaling molecules, while others act primarily as indiscriminate oxidants.

Leaf aging effects on copper and cadmium transfer along the lettuce-snail food chain.

Metal bioavailability at root plasma membrane surfaces and chemical forms within cells putatively controls the trophic transfer processes. Accumulation and distribution of Cu or Cd in lettuce were investigated as a function of lettuce leaf aging through soil-solution culture experiments. Metal contents in snail tissues were examined after fed on young (interior) or old (exterior) age leaves for 15d, respectively.