Multiple myeloma segmentation net (MMNet): an encoder-decoder-based deep multiscale feature fusion model for multiple myeloma segmentation in magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Patients with multiple myeloma (MM), a malignant disease involving bone marrow plasma cells, shows significant susceptibility to bone degradation, impairing normal hematopoietic function. The accurate and effective segmentation of MM lesion areas is crucial for the early detection and diagnosis of myeloma. However, the presence of complex shape variations, boundary ambiguities, and multiscale lesion areas, ranging from punctate lesions to extensive bone damage, presents a formidable challenge in achieving precise segmentation.

Optimal combination periprosthetic vasculature visualization and metal artifact reduction by spectral computed tomography using virtual monoenergetic images in total hip arthroplasty.

Objectives: To investigate the optimal parameters of spectral CT for preferably visualizing the periprosthetic vasculature and metal artifact reduction (MAR) in total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods: A total of 34 THA of 30 patients were retrospectively included. Image reconstructions included conventional image (CI), CI combined with MAR (CI), and virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) combined with MAR (VMI) at 50-120 keV.

Quantitative MRI indicators and features for partial subscapularis tendon tears on conventional shoulder MRI.

Background: Diagnosing partial subscapularis (SSC) tendon tears still faces challenges. A failure rate of massive posterosuperior rotator cuff tear repair will be highly increased when extending more than one-third of SSC tendon. This study aims to investigate the quantitative indicators and features of partial SSC tears on conventional shoulder MRI and improve the preoperative diagnostic accuracy.

Quantitative measurements at the lumbosacral junction are more reliable parameters for identifying and numbering lumbosacral transitional vertebrae.

Objectives: To evaluate quantitative parameters to identify the anatomic variation lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTV) and compare them with the landmarks commonly used at present.

Methods: A total of 2,845 PET/CT scans were reviewed, and the patients with 23 and 25 presacral vertebrae were included. The quantitative parameters, including the anterior-edge vertebral angle (AVA) of the lowest lumbar-type vertebra, the ratio of the length of the inferior endplate to that of the superior endplate (RISE) of the uppermost sacral-type vertebra and the lumbosacral intervertebral disc angle (LSIVDA), and the anatomical landmarks, including the iliac crest tangent (ICT) level, the iliolumbar ligament (ILL) origin level and psoas proximal insertion, were all evaluated to determine their ability to identify LSTV.