Ultrasound-Targeted Microbubble Destruction Enhances the Inhibitory Effect of Sonodynamic Therapy against Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

: To assess the anticancer effect of microbubbles (MBs) in combination with sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS)-mediated sonodynamic therapy (SDT) for the in vitro and in vivo treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). : HepG2 cells were used for in vitro experiments. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was detected using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate and singlet oxygen sensor green in vitro and in solution, respectively.

Synergistic SDT/cuproptosis therapy for liver hepatocellular carcinoma: enhanced antitumor efficacy and specific mechanisms.

The efficacy of sonodynamic therapy (SDT), an emerging approach for tumor treatment, is hindered by the high levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this study, we constructed nanobubbles loaded with the sonosensitizer HMME and the tumor-targeting peptide RGD (HMME-RGD@CF NBs) for synergistic SDT/cuproptosis therapy of liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) in combination with Elesclomol-Cu as cuproptosis inducers. Endogenous GSH is consumed by Cu to modulate the complex TME, thereby amplifying oxidative stress and further improving SDT performance.

Targeting astrocytes polarization after spinal cord injury: a promising direction.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious neurological injury that causes severe trauma to motor and sensory functions. Although long considered incurable, recent research has brought new hope for functional recovery from SCI. After SCI, astrocytes are activated into many polarization states.

Mechanism exploration of synergistic photo-immunotherapy strategy based on a novel exosome-like nanosystem for remodeling the immune microenvironment of HCC.

The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) has become a major challenge in cancer immunotherapy, with abundant tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) playing a key role in promoting tumor immune escape by displaying an immunosuppressive (M2) phenotype. Recently, it was reported that M1 macrophage-derived nanovesicles (M1NVs) can reprogram TAMs to an anti-tumor M1 phenotype, thereby significantly alleviating the immunosuppressive TME and enhancing the anti-tumor efficacy of immunotherapy. Herein, we developed M1NVs loaded with mesoporous dopamine (MPDA) and indocyanine green (ICG), which facilitated the recruitment of M2 TAMs through synergistic photothermal and photodynamic therapy.

Sono-Immunotherapy Mediated Controllable Composite Nano Fluorescent Probes Reprogram the Immune Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Despite the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy in treating malignant tumors, its effectiveness is often hampered by the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this study, we propose the design of a nanoscale ultrasound contrast agent capable of triggering macrophage polarization and immunogenic cell death (ICD) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through sonodynamic treatment (SDT) and immunotherapy.

Methods: The re-educator (designated as ICG@C3F8-R848 NBs) is composed of the Toll-like receptor agonist resiquimod (R848) and the sonosensitizer Indocyanine green (ICG), utilizing nanobubbles (NBs) as carriers.