Recent advances in the application of artificial intelligence in age-related macular degeneration.

Recent advancements in ophthalmology have been driven by the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI), especially in diagnosing, monitoring treatment and predicting outcomes for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). AMD is a leading cause of irreversible vision loss worldwide, and its increasing prevalence among the ageing population presents a significant challenge for managing the disease. AI holds considerable promise in tackling this issue.

AMD-SD: An Optical Coherence Tomography Image Dataset for wet AMD Lesions Segmentation.

Wet Age-related Macular Degeneration (wet AMD) is a common ophthalmic disease that significantly impacts patients' vision. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination has been widely utilized for diagnosing, treating, and monitoring wet AMD due to its cost-effectiveness, non-invasiveness, and repeatability, positioning it as the most valuable tool for diagnosis and tracking. OCT can provide clear visualization of retinal layers and precise segmentation of lesion areas, facilitating the identification and quantitative analysis of abnormalities.

Femtosecond laser upgrading the quality of bismuth films to enhance ultra-broadband photodetection.

Topological insulator bismuth has attracted considerable attention for the fabrication of room-temperature, wide bandwidth, and high-performance photodetectors due to the gapless edge state and insulating bulk state properties. However, both the photoelectric conversion and carrier transportation of the bismuth films are extremely affected by the surface morphology and grain boundaries to limit optoelectronic properties further. Here, we demonstrate a strategy of femtosecond laser treatment for upgrading the quality of bismuth films.

Bio-based phytic acid@polyurushiol‑titanium complex coated cotton fabrics with durable flame retardancy for oil-water separation.

Bio-based hydrophobic coating modified cotton fabrics with durable flame retardancy are of high interest in the application of oil-water separation for not only avoiding the use of hazardous substances but also improving the fire safety during use. Herein, phytic acid@Polyurushiol‑titanium complex coated cotton fabric was developed using the facile dip-coating method involving the sequential immersion in the solution of poly(ethyleneimine), phytic acid, titanium oxide, and urushiol. The underlying coating accommodated abundance of phytic acid, which imparted excellent flame retardancy to cotton fabric, and the top coating composed of the polyurushiol‑titanium complex endowed cotton fabric with high hydrophobicity that the water contact angle (WCA) was up to 149.

Measurement of Optical Properties of CHNHPbX (X = Br, I) Single Crystals Using Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy.

Organometallic lead bromide and iodide perovskite single crystals (PSCs) are potential candidates for terahertz applications. Herein, we performed terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) in the frequency range of 0.1-3.

Long-Time Persisting Superhydrophilicity on Sapphire Surface via Femtosecond Laser Processing with the Varnish of TiO.

The acquiring of superhydrophilic surfaces attracts the strong interest in self-cleaning, anti-fogging and anti-icing fields based on the unique features. However, the persistent time of superhydrophilic surfaces is still facing a big challenge because of easily adsorbing hydrophobic groups. Here, we propose a strategy to achieve a superhydrophilicity persisting for an unprecedently long time on sapphire surfaces, by compounding the femtosecond laser-induced hierarchical structures and the subsequent varnish of TiO.

Metal Ion-Catalyzed Low-Temperature Curing of Urushiol-Based Polybenzoxazine.

In this work, urushiol-based polybenzoxazine is cured by the Lewis acid (FeCl, AlCl and CuCl) at low temperature instead of high thermal curing temperature. The effect of the Lewis acid on structures and properties of the polymers is revealed. The relating urushiol-based benzoxazine monomer (BZ) was synthesized by natural urushiol, formaldehyde, and -octylamine.

Facile construction of lamellar-like phosphorus-based triazole-zinc complex for high-performance epoxy resins.

Epoxy resins (EP) possessing superior flame retardancy, mechanical properties and glass transition temperature are urgently needed to meet the ever-increasing requirement of high performance for the practical application of EP. Herein, lamellar-like phosphorus-based triazole-zinc complex (Zn-PT) was firstly constructed through coordination reaction in a facile condition to address the above issue. The results revealed that Zn-PT was well dispersed in epoxy matrix, and with 3 wt% Zn-PT, the tensile strength, flexural strength and modulus of epoxy composites were remarkably increased from 71, 112 and 2982 MPa of neat epoxy resin (EP) to 80, 162 and 3482 MPa respectively.

From herbicide to flame retardant: The lamellar-like phosphorus-bridged amitrole toward high fire safety epoxy resin with light smoke and low toxicity.

In an attempt to alleviate the harmful impact of the flammability of epoxy resin on the environment, amitrole, a herbicide, has been converted to a novel flame retardant (PBA) with lamellar morphology through organophosphorus modification. This material has been utilized to fabricate fire safe epoxy thermosets (EP). EP containing 7.

Correction: Facile one-pot synthesis of silver nanoparticles encapsulated in natural polymeric urushiol for marine antifouling.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D0RA02205E.].

Facile one-pot synthesis of silver nanoparticles encapsulated in natural polymeric urushiol for marine antifouling.

Silver nanoparticle-based coatings have been regarded as promising candidates for marine antifouling. However, current toxic fabrication methods also lead to environment risks. Nanoparticle agglomeration, poor compatibility with polymer, and rapid release of Ag result in short-term efficacy.

Selenium Deficiency in Chickens Induces Intestinal Mucosal Injury by Affecting the Mucosa Morphology, SIgA Secretion, and GSH-Px Activity.

The small intestine is one of the target organs of dietary selenium (Se) deficiency. Our objective was to investigate the effects of Se deficiency on small intestinal mucosa morphology and function in chickens. In the present study, 1-day (d)-old chickens were fed either a commercial diet with 0.

High-Efficiency Fog Collector: Water Unidirectional Transport on Heterogeneous Rough Conical Wires.

An artificial periodic roughness-gradient conical copper wire (PCCW) can be fabricated by inspiration from cactus spines and wet spider silks. PCCW can harvest fog on periodic points of the conical surface from air and transports the drops for a long distance without external force, which is attributed to dynamic as-released energy generated from drop deformation in drop coalescence, in addition to both gradients of geometric curve (inducing Laplace pressure) and periodic roughness (inducing surface energy difference). It is found that the ability of fog collection can be related to various tilt-angle wires, thus a fog collector with an array system of PCCWs is further designed to achieve a continuous process of efficient water collection.

[Biodistribution and Postmortem Redistribution of Emamectin Benzoate in Intoxicated Mice].

Objective: To investigate the lethal blood level, the target organs and tissues, the toxicant storage depots and the postmortem redistribution in mice died of emamectin benzoate poisoning.

Methods: The mice model of emamectin benzoate poisoning was established via intragastric injection. The main poisoning symptoms and the clinical death times of mice were observed and recorded dynamically in the acute poisoning group as well as the sub-acute poisoning death group.