SENP1 regulates intermittent hypoxia-induced microglia mediated inflammation and cognitive dysfunction via wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), characterized by repeated narrow or collapse of the upper airway during sleep, resulting in periodic reductions or cessations in ventilation, consequent hypoxia, hypercapnia, increased sympathetic activity and sleep fragmentation, places a serious burden on society and health care. Intermittent hypoxia (IH), which cause central nervous system (CNS) inflammation, and ultimately lead to neuropathy, is thought to be a crucial contributor to cognitive impairment in OSAS. Wnt signaling pathway exerts an important role in the regulation of CNS disorders.

How is Obstructive Sleep Apnea Associated with High Blood Pressure and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2? Clues from a Two-Step Mendelian Randomized Study.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), high blood pressure (HBP), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a close clinical relationship, but whether and how OSA affects HBP and T2DM is unclear.

Study Design And Methods: Two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization techniques were applied using single-nucleotide polymorphisms as genetic instruments for exposure and mediators, thus minimizing bias due to confounding factors and reverse causality. The total effect of OSA on HBP and T2DM was categorized into direct and mediating effects based on the mediating factors.

A rapid screening platform for antibiotic susceptibility testing based on a simple colorimetric method.

Rapid screening platforms for antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) are important in inhibiting bacterial resistance in clinical practice. Herein, a rapid screening platform is reported for AST, which is based on nanofiber membrane enrichment bacteria-assisted cell counting Kit-8 (CCK8) colorimetry. The absorbance of CCK8 formazan has a linear relationship with the number of bacteria.

SENP1 modulates chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced inflammation of microglia and neuronal injury by inhibiting TOM1 pathway.

Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is a characteristic pathophysiological change of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Inflammation of microglia induced by CIH, plays a vital role in OSAS-associated cognitive dysfunction. SUMO-specific proteases 1 (SENP1) has been implicated in tumor inflammatory microenvironment and cells migration.

Cultivating China's Cinchona: The Local Developmental State, Global Botanic Networks and Cinchona Cultivation in Yunnan, 1930s-1940s.

This article reconstructs the history of China's first successful cinchona cultivation programme in Hekou, Yunnan province from the 1930s to 1940s during the Nationalist era (1928-49). I argue that the Hekou programme was initiated by the Yunnan 'local developmental state' to control endemic malaria and achieve quinine self-sufficiency. It was expanded during the Sino-Japanese War (1937-45) as part of the national defence project in order to develop Yunnan's malaria-ridden southwest frontier to provide more resources for the war, as well as to solve broader wartime epidemic crises in southwest China.

Formulation of insulin-loaded N-trimethyl chitosan microparticles with improved efficacy for inhalation by supercritical fluid assisted atomization.

Supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) was proposed as a green technique to fabricate insulin-loaded dry powders for inhalation administration. N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC), a polymeric mucoadhesive absorption enhancer, was synthesized and successfully micronized from aqueous solution using SAA-HCM. The prepared well-defined spherical TMC microparticles with preserved structure and thermal stability were potential carriers for delivery of proteins.

Supercritical fluid assisted production of micrometric powders of the labile trypsin and chitosan/trypsin composite microparticles.

Supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by a hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM) was used to prepare micrometric particles of a labile protein, i.e., trypsin from aqueous solution without use of any organic solvents.

Supercritical fluid assisted production of chitosan oligomers micrometric powders.

Chitosan oligomers (O-chitosan) micrometric particles were produced from aqueous solution using a novel process, i.e. supercritical fluid assisted atomization introduced by hydrodynamic cavitation mixer (SAA-HCM).