Development and Psychometric Assessment of a Chinese Version of the Ultra-Low Vision Visual Functioning Questionnaire-50.

Purpose: To develop a short form of Chinese ULV-VFQ-50 based on the ULV-VFQ-150 and compare the psychometrical properties of the two questionnaires.

Methods: We selected candidate items from the ULV-VFQ-150, considering the item response among ultra-low vision (ULV) participants, the even distribution of item measures, visual aspects, and visual domains, to construct a 50-item ULV-VFQ-50 questionnaire. Then, ULV participants were recruited to evaluate its psychometric characteristics by using Rasch analysis.

Development and evaluation of a large language model of ophthalmology in Chinese.

Background: Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have considerable implications for various medical applications. However, ChatGPT's training primarily draws from English-centric internet data and is not tailored explicitly to the medical domain. Thus, an ophthalmic LLM in Chinese is clinically essential for both healthcare providers and patients in mainland China.

Visual and refractive outcomes of opposite clear corneal incision combined with rotationally asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens implantation.

Purpose: To evaluate the visual and refractive outcomes of astigmatic cataract patients following opposite clear corneal incision (OCCI) combined with rotationally asymmetric multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, People's Republic of China.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine Ameliorates Choroidal Neovascularization by Inhibiting the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

Purpose: Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) can constitute the final pathology of many ocular diseases and result in severe vision loss. Studies have demonstrated that DNA methylation is critical in retinal development, aging, and disorders. The current work investigated the effects and underlying mechanism of 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC), a suppressor of DNA methylation, in the pathological progression of CNV.

Assessment of visual function in blind mice and monkeys with subretinally implanted nanowire arrays as artificial photoreceptors.

Retinal prostheses could restore image-forming vision in conditions of photoreceptor degeneration. However, contrast sensitivity and visual acuity are often insufficient. Here we report the performance, in mice and monkeys with induced photoreceptor degeneration, of subretinally implanted gold-nanoparticle-coated titania nanowire arrays providing a spatial resolution of 77.

Neuroprotective effects of idebenone on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage in retinal ganglion cells-5.

Purpose: To investigate the neuroprotective effect of idebenone against hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced oxidative damage in retinal ganglion cells-5 (RGC-5 cells).

Methods: RGC-5 cells were pre-treated with various idebenone concentrations (5, 10, and 20 µM) for 12 h and were then subjected to 300 µM HO for a further 12 h. Apoptosis in RGC-5 was measured by flow cytometry.

Development of The Chinese Version of Ultra-Low Vision Visual Functioning Questionnaire-150.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop the Chinese version of Ultra-Low Vision Visual Functioning Questionnaire-150 (ULV-VFQ-150) and evaluate its psychometric function.

Methods: A standardized procedure for the translation of ULV-VFQ-150 was carried out, including the forward translation, consistency check, back translation, back review, and coordination. Participants with ultra-low vision (ULV) were recruited for the questionnaire survey.

MicroRNA-376b-3p Suppresses Choroidal Neovascularization by Regulating Glutaminolysis in Endothelial Cells.

Purpose: Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a common pathological change of various ocular diseases that causes serious damage to central vision. Accumulated evidence shows that microRNAs (miRNAs) are closely related with the regulation of endothelial metabolism, which plays crucial roles in angiogenesis. Here, we investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of endothelial glutamine metabolism by miR-376b-3p in the progression of CNV.

Changes in retinal vascular bifurcation in eyes with myopia.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of myopia on retinal vascular bifurcation.

Methods: A cross-sectional study that retrospectively analyzed the fundus photographs and clinical data of 493 people who participated in routine physical examinations in Huadong Sanatorium. One eye of each subject was included in the analysis.

Visual cortex encodes timing information in humans and mice.

Despite the importance of timing in our daily lives, our understanding of how the human brain mediates second-scale time perception is limited. Here, we combined intracranial stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) recordings in epileptic patients and circuit dissection in mice to show that visual cortex (VC) encodes timing information. We first asked human participants to perform an interval-timing task and found VC to be a key timing brain area.

A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Treat-and-Extend vs. Pro Re Nata Regimen for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of conbercept using a treat-and-extend (T&E) regimen vs. a pro re nata (PRN) regimen in Chinese patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).

Methods: This was a randomized, multicenter, non-inferiority study.

Case Report: A Case of Cystoid Macular Edema in Retinitis Pigmentosa With Central Retinal Vein Occlusion.

Significance: Cystoid macular edema (CME) is a common complication of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). However, CME in RP with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is rare. Prompt administration of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) medication can achieve a satisfactory prognosis.

Yes-associated protein promotes endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition of endothelial cells in choroidal neovascularization fibrosis.

Aim: To reveal whether and how Yes-associated protein (YAP) promotes the occurrence of subretinal fibrosis in age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: Cobalt chloride (CoCl) was used in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to induce hypoxia . Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice weighing 19-25 g were used for a choroidal neovascularization (CNV) model induced by laser photocoagulation .

Silencing of YAP attenuates pericyte-myofibroblast transition and subretinal fibrosis in experimental model of choroidal neovascularization.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the main reason of irreversible vision loss in the elderly. The subretinal fibrosis subsequent to choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is an important feature in the late stage of wet AMD and is considered to be one reason for incomplete response to anti-VEGF drugs. Recent studies have shown that pericyte-myofibroblast transition (PMT) is an important pathological process involving fibrotic diseases of various organs.

An extension of the RIGHT statement for introductions and interpretations of clinical practice guidelines: RIGHT for INT.

Objective: The purpose of the extension of the RIGHT Statement for INTroductions and INTerpretations of Clinical Practice Guidelines (RIGHT for INT) is to promote the development of comprehensive and clear articles that introduce and interpret clinical practice guidelines.

Methods: The RIGHT for INT checklist was developed following methods recommended by the EQUATOR Network. The development process included three stages.

Pharmacological Inhibition of Glutaminase 1 Attenuates Alkali-Induced Corneal Neovascularization by Modulating Macrophages.

Corneal neovascularization (CoNV) in response to chemical burns is a leading cause of vision impairment. Although glutamine metabolism plays a crucial role in macrophage polarization, its regulatory effect on macrophages involved in chemical burn-induced corneal injury is not known. Here, we elucidated the connection between the reprogramming of glutamine metabolism in macrophages and the development of alkali burn-induced CoNV.

MicroRNA Expression Analysis of Mice Retinas with Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy by RNA Sequencing.

Purpose: To characterize the microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles in the retinas of mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy by RNA sequencing and to ascertain miRNAs associated with retinal neovascularization.

Methods: Retina samples were obtained from 3 groups (6 retinas/group) of OIR mice and normal mice at P17. RNA was isolated from 24 retina samples and then detected on an Illumina HiSeq.

Image enhancement of color fundus photographs for age-related macular degeneration: the Shanghai Changfeng Study.

Aim: To develop and evaluate a new fundus image optimization software based on red, green, blue channels (RGB) for the evaluation of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the Chinese population.

Methods: Fundus images that were diagnosed as AMD from the Shanghai Changfeng Study database were analyzed to develop a standardized optimization procedure. Image brightness, contrast, and color balance were measured.

Measurement of the Lid Margin Thickness in Meibomian Gland Dysfunction with Vernier Micrometer.

Introduction: To investigate the lid margin thickness (LMT) from the posterior lash line to the mucocutaneous junction at the middle position in adults with and without meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) by vernier micrometer (VM).

Methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational study. A hundred eyes from 100 volunteers aged 20 to 79, including 56 normal participants and 44 participants with MGD, were recruited.

Corrigendum: Large-Area Photoreceptor Degeneration Model in Rabbits by Photocoagulation and Oxidative Stress in the Retina.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.

Large-Area Photoreceptor Degeneration Model in Rabbits by Photocoagulation and Oxidative Stress in the Retina.

Photocoagulation is used for the treatment of retinal ischemic disease. However, due to the invasive nature of photocoagulation and variety of melanin concentrations between individuals, it is challenging to avoid damaging the adjacent photoreceptors and inducing several side effects. Previous studies indicate the role of laser power, duration, and spot size on retinal lesions, but the effect of interspot distance of the laser pulses needs to be considered in panretinal photocoagulation.

YAP promotes ocular neovascularization by modifying PFKFB3-driven endothelial glycolysis.

Ocular neovascularization is the leading cause of vision impairment in a variety of ocular diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration and retinopathy of prematurity. Emerging studies have suggested that the yes-associated protein (YAP), a downstream effector of the Hippo pathway, is involved in the pathological angiogenesis, but the mechanism are largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that hypoxic treatment triggered YAP expression and nuclear translocation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

CXCR7 Inhibits Fibrosis via Wnt/-Catenin Pathways during the Process of Angiogenesis in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells.

Although SDF-1/CXCR7 plays an important role in angiogenesis, the function and the pathway of the SDF-1/CXCR7 axis might depend on the cell type or tissue origin and not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of CXCR7 in SDF-1-induced proliferation, migration, apoptosis, tube formation, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and the potential pathway of SDF-1/CXCR7. We confirmed that the silencing of CXCR7 inhibited the proliferation of HUVECs and contributed the apoptosis, while overexpressed CXCR7 increased SDF-1-induced HUVECs migration and tube formation.

YAP nuclear-cytoplasmic translocation is regulated by mechanical signaling, protein modification, and metabolism.

Nuclear-cytoplasmic transport is necessary for the biological function of nuclear proteins. The mechanism underlying this process is very complex and has been a subject of intense research. Yes-associated protein (YAP), a Hippo signaling pathway effector, localizes to both the cytoplasm and the nucleus and can influence cell proliferation, stem cell status, and tissue homeostasis.

Ocular biometric parameters are associated with non-contact tonometry measured intraocular pressure in non-pathologic myopic patients.

Purposes: This research aimed to investigate effects and risk factors on non-contact tonometer (NCT) readings in healthy myopic subjects by employing cross-sectional study design.

Methods: Totally, sixty otherwise healthy myopic volunteers (mean 28.4 years old) with 90% female were recruited in ophthalmic clinic.