Differences and mechanisms of color deterioration in three types of ready-to-eat shellfishes during storage.

Ready-to-eat (RTE) abalones, scallops and oysters were prepared through a process of cooking, drying, vacuum packaging, and high-temperature sterilization, and were subjected to accelerated storage. Upon storage, the three RTE shellfishes all showed color deterioration, as indicated by darker color, decreased L* and W* values, and increased a* value. In contrast, the color deterioration of RTE oysters was more pronounced.

Synthesis of 3-propargyl isoindolinones by Pd/Cu-catalyzed enantioselective Heck/Sonogashira reaction of enamides.

Herein, we report an enantioselective Pd/Cu-catalyzed sequential Heck/Sonogashira coupling reaction of electron-rich enamides with terminal alkynes as substrates. This transformation proceeds smoothly to afford 3-propargyl isoindolinone derivatives bearing quaternary stereogenic centers in moderate to good yields (43-77% yield) and good to excellent enantioselectivity (up to 93% ee). Functional groups such as halogen atoms (F, Cl, and Br), thienyl, and silyl moieties are tolerated well.

ADAM10 Expression by Ameloblasts Is Essential for Proper Enamel Formation.

ADAM10 is a multi-functional proteinase that can cleave approximately 100 different substrates. Previously, it was demonstrated that ADAM10 is expressed by ameloblasts, which are required for enamel formation. The goal of this study was to determine if ADAM10 is necessary for enamel development.

Switchable Fluorescence of a Mechanical Stimulus-Responsive Au-P-S Complex.

The reaction of [(3-bdppmapy)(AuCl)] with NaHmna (3-bdppmapy = N,N'-bis-(diphenylphosphanylmethyl-3-aminopytidine, Hmna = 2-mercaptonicotinic acid)) resulted in a tetranuclear Au-P-S complex [(3-bdppmapy)(AuHmna)(AuCl)] () which emitted bright yellow fluorescence at 542 nm under 377 nm excitation (QY = 5.3%, = 0.83 ns).

Substantial Heritability Underlies Fairness Norm Adaptation Capability and its Neural Basis.

The present research uncovers the shared genetic underpinnings of fairness norm adaptation capability, its neural correlates, and long-term mental health outcomes. One hundred and eighty-six twins are recruited and played as responders in the Ultimatum Game (UG) while undergoing fMRI scanning in their early adulthood (Study-1) and are measured on depressive symptoms eight years later (Study-2). With computational modeling, the process of norm adaptation is differentiated from that of fairness valuation in UG.

Microsurgical obliteration of craniocervical junction dural arteriovenous fistulas via a suboccipital median approach: a retrospective study.

Objective: The authors report on a broad range of microsurgical procedures in which the suboccipital median technique was used to treat craniocervical junction arteriovenous fistulas. Their aim was to evaluate the efficacy of the suboccipital posteromedian approach and to assess the associated clinical outcomes.

Methods: The authors extracted information on the fistula site, clinical manifestation, and structural characteristics of arterial and venous vessels by retrospectively evaluating cases from a neurointerventional database spanning 10 years.

Formal 1,1-Hydrocyanation Reaction of Alkynyl Halides with Isocyanides Enabled by Dual Nickel/Base Catalysis Relay.

We herein describe a formal 1,1-hydrocyanation reaction of alkynyl halides with isocyanides enabled by a dual nickel/base catalysis relay. -Butyl isocyanide serves as a "HCN" precursor that is introduced to the α-position of alkynyl halides, and the halogen atom is moved to the β-position. As a result, a series of ()-3-bromo/iodo acrylonitrile derivatives could be obtained in moderate yields.

Cobalt-Catalyzed Intramolecular Enantioselective Reductive Heck Reaction toward the Synthesis of Chiral 3-Trifluoromethylated Oxindoles.

Herein, a cobalt-catalyzed intramolecular enantioselective reductive Heck reaction is disclosed. Starting from --iodoaryl-2-(trifluoromethyl)acrylamides, a plethora of chiral oxindoles bearing trifluoromethylated quaternary stereogenic centers at the C3-position are achieved in moderate to good yields (up to 88% yield) and good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 94% ee) by employing zinc/silane as reducing agent. Other than the trifluoromethyl group, a number of chiral oxindoles bearing alkyl, aryl, and ester groups at C3-position were also obtained albeit in relatively lower enantioselectivities (68-78% ee).

Trans, trans-2,4-decadienal, a lipid peroxidation product, aggravates insulin resistance in obese mice by promoting adipose inflammation.

Peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids results in the creation of numerous α, β-unsaturated aldehydes, many of which are complicated by the development of diabetes. Trans, trans-2,4-decadienal (DDE) is a dietary α, β-unsaturated aldehyde that is commonly found in food and the environment. However, it is unknown whether DDE exposure has some negative effects on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity.

Zinc oxide nanoparticle-reinforced sodium alginate/hydroxyapatite scaffolds for osteoporosis treatment in fragility fracture patients: Development and characterization using artificial neural networks (ANNs) modeling.

Objectives: Osteoporosis is a significant public health concern due to its association with fragility fractures. Despite experiencing such fractures, many patients remain at high risk of future fractures due to inadequate management and treatment of their underlying osteoporosis. This research presents a comprehensive intervention to enhance osteoporosis management in patients with fragility fractures.

Reevaluating the energy cost in locomotion: quadrupedal vs. bipedal walking in humans.

This study examines the energy expenditure and physiological responses associated with short-term quadrupedal locomotion compared to bipedal walking in humans. It aims to support evolutionary theory and explore quadrupedal locomotion's potential for enhancing fitness and health. In a randomized crossover design, twelve participants performed quadrupedal and bipedal walking on a treadmill at identical speeds.

Synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes using N-heterocyclic carbene salt as a C1 precursor.

We herein describe an alkylation reaction of indoles with NHC salts to access bis(indolyl)methanes as product. The NHC salt (or free NHC) serves as a C1 precursor due to decomposition of its N-heterocyclic ring. Although the exact roles of zinc powder and acetic/formic acid remain elusive, both of them are indispensable for this reaction.

Research Progress of Novel Inorganic Nanomaterials in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.

The global increase in the number of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients has posed numerous treatment challenges. Six Food and Drug Administration-approved medications (e.g.

Habit and Help-Experiences of Technology Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Interview Study Among Older Adults.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic compelled older adults to engage with technology to a greater extent given emergent public health observance and home-sheltering restrictions in the United States. This study examined subjective experiences of technology use among older adults as a result of unforeseen and widespread public health guidance catalyzing their use of technology differently, more often, or in new ways.

Objective: This study aimed to explore whether older adults scoring higher on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology questionnaire fared better in aspects of technology use, and reported better subjective experiences, in comparison with those scoring lower.

The role and mechanism of TgCWIN2-mediated changes of photo-assimilates in modulating early development of Torreya grandis seeds.

Early seed development is vital for plant reproduction, but the processes behind this in gymnosperms like Torreya grandis, which has a low rate of normal early-developed seeds, are not well understood. To fill this knowledge gap, we embarked on a comprehensive investigation encompassing the morphology and phenology of seed development in T. grandis.

The altered resting-state functional connectivity of thalamic subregions in patients with globus pharyngeus.

Globus Pharyngeus (GP) is a somatic symptom that accompanies mood distress. Although the etiology of GP remains unclear, its specific symptom of a false lump sensation in the throat without physical obstruction raises the possibility of alterations in brain networks responsible for somatosensory and emotion processing in patients with GP. To address this possibility, we investigated resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in 31 patients with GP and 24 healthy individuals using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Comparing Social Isolation in Older Adults With and Without Physical Health Challenges During COVID-19: Church and Church Friends Matter.

Older adults were disproportionately affected by COVID-19. The purpose of this study was to explore experiences of sudden-onset social isolation and factors that influenced it among social isolation in two groups of older adults. A qualitative thematic study with a survey component was conducted comparing 18 older adults in two groups: 12 reporting physical health challenges and 6 reporting no physical health challenges.

Acrolein scavengers and detoxification: From high-throughput screening of flavonoids to mechanistic study of epigallocatechin gallate.

Acrolein (ACR) is a widespread, highly toxic substance that poses significant health risks. Flavonoids have been recognized as effective ACR scavengers, offering a possible way to reduce these risks. However, the lack of specific high-throughput screening methods has limited the identification of ACR scavengers, and their actual detoxifying capacity on ACR remains unknown.

The Impact of Collaborative Documentation on Person-Centered Care: Textual Analysis of Clinical Notes.

Background: Collaborative documentation (CD) is a behavioral health practice involving shared writing of clinic visit notes by providers and consumers. Despite widespread dissemination of CD, research on its effectiveness or impact on person-centered care (PCC) has been limited. Principles of PCC planning, a recovery-based approach to service planning that operationalizes PCC, can inform the measurement of person-centeredness within clinical documentation.

Photolithography-Free, Solution-Processable Perovskite Electrodes for High-Performance Organic Transistors.

Solution-processable electrodes are promising for next-generation electronics due to their simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and potential for large-area fabrication. However, current solution-processable electrodes based on conductive polymers, carbon-based compounds, and metal nanowires face challenges related to stability, patterning, and production scalability. Here we introduce a novel approach using 3D tin halide perovskites (THPs) combined with a photolithography-free solution patterning technique to fabricate solution-processed electrodes.