Improved Genetic Characterization of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia by Long-Read Sequencing Compared with Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification Plus Sanger Sequencing.

Genetic analysis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) has been challenging because of high homology between CYP21A2 and its pseudogene CYP21A1P. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of long-read sequencing (LRS) in diagnosis of CAH attributable to 21-hydroxylase deficiency by comparing with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification plus Sanger sequencing. In this retrospective study, 69 samples, including 49 probands from 47 families with high-risk of CAH, were enrolled and blindly subjected to detection of CAH by LRS.

Modular engineering to increase intracellular NAD(H/) promotes rate of extracellular electron transfer of Shewanella oneidensis.

The slow rate of extracellular electron transfer (EET) of electroactive microorganisms remains a primary bottleneck that restricts the practical applications of bioelectrochemical systems. Intracellular NAD(H/) (i.e.

Modular Engineering Intracellular NADH Regeneration Boosts Extracellular Electron Transfer of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1.

Efficient extracellular electron transfer (EET) of exoelectrogens is essentially for practical applications of versatile bioelectrochemical systems. Intracellular electrons flow from NADH to extracellular electron acceptors via EET pathways. However, it was yet established how the manipulation of intracellular NADH impacted the EET efficiency.

Synthetic Klebsiella pneumoniae-Shewanella oneidensis Consortium Enables Glycerol-Fed High-Performance Microbial Fuel Cells.

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is an eco-friendly bio-electrochemical sys-tem that uses microorganism as biocatalyst to convert biomass into electricity. Glycerol, as a waste in the biodiesel refinery processes, is an appealing substrate for MFC. Nevertheless, glycerol cannot be utilized as carbon source by well-known exoelectrogens such as Shewanella oneidensis.

Engineering enables xylose-fed microbial fuel cell.

Background: The microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a green and sustainable technology for electricity energy harvest from biomass, in which exoelectrogens use metabolism and extracellular electron transfer pathways for the conversion of chemical energy into electricity. However, MR-1, one of the most well-known exoelectrogens, could not use xylose (a key pentose derived from hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass) for cell growth and power generation, which limited greatly its practical applications.

Results: Herein, to enable to directly utilize xylose as the sole carbon source for bioelectricity production in MFCs, we used synthetic biology strategies to successfully construct four genetically engineered (namely XE, GE, XS, and GS) by assembling one of the xylose transporters (from and ) with one of intracellular xylose metabolic pathways (the isomerase pathway from and the oxidoreductase pathway from ), respectively.