Microchip capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence combined with one-step duplex reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction for the rapid detection of Enterovirus 71 and Coxsackievirus A16 in throat swab specimens.

Enterovirus 71 and Coxsackievirus A16 are the main pathogens causing hand-foot-mouth disease. In this paper, microchip capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence combined with one-step duplex reverse transcript-polymerase chain reaction has been developed for the detection of Enterovirus 71 and Coxsackievirus A16 in throat swab specimens. The specific reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction amplicons labeled with SYBR Orange were separated by microchip capillary electrophoresis and detected by laser induced fluorescence detector within 7 min.

Detection of GM soybean by multiplex-touchdown PCR-microchip capillary electrophoresis with response surface methodology optimization.

The combination of the molecular technique, the multivariate strategy and microchip capillary electrophoresis (MCE) was applied to rapid and sensitive analysis of genetically modified (GM) soybean in food samples. A multiplex-touchdown polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system was developed for simultaneously amplifying three target sequences in Roundup Ready soybean (RRS). Response surface methodology was introduced to determine the optimal separation condition in MCE with good resolution and short analytical time.

Rapid and sensitive detection of Cronobacter spp. (previously Enterobacter sakazakii) in food by duplex PCR combined with capillary electrophoresis-laser-induced fluorescence detector.

Cronobacter spp. (Enterobacter sakazakii) is an emerging opportunistic pathogen with a 40-80% mortality rate in infants and immunocompromised crowd resulting from the consumption of contaminated food. A novel method for detecting Cronobacter spp.

[Rapid analysis of L-carnitine in health food by high performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detector].

Objective: A pulsed amperometric detector-high performance anion chromatography method for the determination of L-carnitine in health food was established.

Methods: After samples were dissolved and dispersed with ether, L-carnitine in samples was extracted with 0. 1 mmol/L HC1.

Foramen magnum arachnoid cyst induces compression of the spinal cord and syringomyelia: case report and literature review.

It is very rare that a foramen magnum arachnoid cyst induces compression of the spinal cord and syringomyelia, and currently there are few treatment experiences available. Here we reported the case of a 43-year-old male patient who admitted to the hospital due to weakness and numbness of all 4 limbs, with difficulty in urination and bowel movement. MRI revealed a foramen magnum arachnoid cyst with associated syringomyelia.

[Determination of dimethyl sulphate in environmental samples with GC-ECD].

Objective: To develop an gas chromatography-electrophoretic capture detection (GC-ECD)method for determining dimethyl sulphate (DMS) in environmental samples.

Methods: The environmental samples were dissolved with acetone and the DMS was reacted with KI. The reaction product of methyl iodide was extracted with Hexane and determined by GC-ECD, with HP-5 (30.

[Determination of biphenyl ether herbicides in water using HPLC with cloud-point extraction].

Objective: To determine residues of multiple biphenyl ether herbicides simultaneously in water using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with cloud-point extraction.

Methods: The residues of eight biphenyl ether herbicides (including bentazone, fomesafen, acifluorfen, aclonifen, bifenox, fluoroglycofenethy, nitrofen, oxyfluorfen) in water samples were extracted with cloud-point extraction of Triton X-114. The analytes were separated and determined using reverse phase HPLC with ultraviolet detector at 300 nm.

[Determination of adenosine in food by high performance anion exchange chromatography].

Objective: To establish a high performance anion chromatography method for the determination of adenosine in food.

Methods: Adenosine in the food sample was extracted with Acetonitrile-water, and separated with Amino PAC PA10 Amino acid-separation column, with 0.25 mol/L NaOH as the mobile phase.

Determination of foodborne pathogenic bacteria by multiplex PCR-microchip capillary electrophoresis with genetic algorithm-support vector regression optimization.

A rapid and sensitive method based on microchip capillary electrophoresis with condition optimization of genetic algorithm-support vector regression (GA-SVR) was developed and applied to simultaneous analysis of multiplex PCR products of four foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Four pairs of oligonucleotide primers were designed to exclusively amplify the targeted gene of Vibrio parahemolyticus, Salmonella, Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7, Shigella and the quadruplex PCR parameters were optimized.

Simultaneous determination of tin, germanium and molybdenum by diode array detection-flow injection analysis with partial least squares calibration model.

Simultaneous determination of tin, germanium and molybdenum in food samples has been established by flow injection-charge coupled detector (CCD) diode array detection spectrophotometry with partial least squares (PLS) algorithm. The method was based on the chromogenic reaction of metal ions and salicylflurone in the presence of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide. The overlapping spectra of these complexes are collected by CCD diode array detector and the multi-wavelength absorbance data are processed using partial least squares algorithm.

[Detecting nicotine and its metabolite cotinine in human hair with capillary gas chromatography].

Objective: To develop a rapid method for determination of nicotine and its metabolite cotinine in human hair with capillary gas chromatography with flame ionization detector.

Methods: The hair sample was digested by 1.5 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution.

[Simultaneous determination of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides in Lycium barbarum L. by high performance liquid chromatography].

Objective: To develop a rapid approach of refractive index detection with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of rhamnose, fructose, glucose, surose and maltose in Lycium barbarum L.

Methods: The sample was extracted with water and the analyte was separated by Zorbax Carbohydrate column with acetonitrile-water as mobile phase.

Results: Good linear correlations between the concentrations and the peak areas of the analyte were found, with the correlation coefficients ranging from 0.

[Simultaneous determination of sulfonylurea and diphenylether herbicide residues in soybean and rice by high performance liquid chromatography].

A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of sulfonylurea herbicide and diphenylether herbicide residues in soybean and rice samples was developed and evaluated. The analytes in soybean and rice samples were extracted with acetonitrile. The extract was cleaned up using an SPE-C18 cartridge, separated and quantitatively determined by reversed-phase HPLC with an ultraviolet detector.

[Rapid detection of three foodborne pathogenic bacteria by multiplex polymerase chain reaction-capillary electrophoresis with laser induced fluorescence detector].

A method for monitoring foodborne pathogenic bacteria by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)--capillary electrophoresis (CE) with a laser induced fluorescence detector was developed. Three sets of primers were designed to amplify the gene segments of uidA gene in E. coli.

[Detecting VA, VD3, VE and beta-carotene with HPLC in human serums].

Objective: To develop a method of detecting retinol (vitamin A), vitamin D3, alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) and beta-carotene in human serums with HPLC.

Methods: Proteins were precipitated with anhydrous ethanol. Fat-solutable vitamins in human serums were extracted with aether/petroleum ether mixture and determined with HPLC.

[Simultaneous determination of iron, copper and cobalt in food samples by diode array detection-flow injection analysis using partial least squares calibration model].

A flow injection-CCD-diode array detection spectrophotometric method using partial least squares (PLS) algorithm for the simultaneous determination of iron, copper and cobalt in food samples has been established. The method was based on the chromogenic reaction between metallic ions and 5-Br-PADAP in the presence of acetic acid-acetic sodium buffer solution (pH 5) containing 30 g x L(-1) ascorbic acid and 2% (phi) Triton X-100. The overlapped spectra of these complexes were collected by CCD diode array detector and the multi-wavelength absorbance data were processed using partial least squares algorithm.

[Determination of collagen in tendon by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography].

A method for determining collagen in tendon by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was developed. After hydrolysis with hydrochloric acid, the collagen in samples was decomposed into hydroxyproline which hydroxyproline can be derivatized with 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene for the determination by HPLC (reversed-phase C18 column, 0.01 mol/L NaAc-HAc (pH 6.

[Determination of mannitol in health food by capillary gas chromatography].

Objective: To develop a capillary gas chromatographic method for the determination of mannitol in health food.

Methods: Mannitol was extracted from the sample with water by ultrasonic wave. The aliquot of sample solution was acetylated to form mannitol hexacetate with lower boiling point.

[CCD-array detection-flow injection analysis of oligomeric: proanthocyanidins in health food].

A flow-injection-CCD array detection spectrophotometry for the determination of oligomeric proanthocyanidin (OPC) in health foods was developed in the present paper, based on the reaction that OPC can form red anthocyanidin in hydrochloric acid medium with ferric ion as a catalytic agent. The absorption spectrum of OPC was scanned and the absorbance at 545 nm was determined by flow injection with CCD-array detector. The influencing factors of the chromogenic reaction and parameters of the flow injection analysis were optimized.

High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of bisphenol A and 4-nonylphenol in serum, liver and testis tissues after oral administration to rats and its application to toxicokinetic study.

A sensitive and simple method based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) and HPLC with fluorescence detection for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) and 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) in rat serum, liver and testis tissues has been developed. The chromatographic conditions consisted of a C18 column and mobile phase composition of acetonitrile and water with flow rate of 1.0 ml/min.

[Determination of chlorhexidine acetate in disinfectors by capillary electrophoresis].

A method for the determination of chlorhexidine acetate in disinfectors using capillary electrophoresis (CE) was developed using the following conditions: detection wavelength, 254 nm; applied voltage, 15 kV; uncoated fused silica capillary column, 50 cm x 75 microm i.d.; buffer, 15 mmol/L phosphate and acetonitrile (60:40, v/v).

[Restriction enzyme pattern analysis of mycobacteria DNA by capillary electrophoresis with laser induced fluorescence detection].

A new method for rapidly detecting restriction enzyme pattern of mycobacterium deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by capillary electrophoresis with laser induced fluorescence detection (CE-LIFD) was developed. Polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify a 439 bp fragment of 65,000 (Mr) heat shock protein gene (hsp65) of mycobacterium. After digesting the amplification products by BstE II and Hae III respectively, the patterns of enzyme cleavaged products were detected by both CE-LIFD and agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE).

[Determination of bisphenol A and 4-nonylphenol in rat tissues by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection].

A simple and highly sensitive method has been developed for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) and 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) in rat tissues by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection. The rat tissue samples were homogenized-with methanol-ammonium acetate buffer (2:8, v/v) by a high-speed homogenizer and then BPA and 4-NP were extracted by a mixed solvent of n-hexane and diethyl ether (7:3, v/v). The organic layer was evaporated with a stream of nitrogen, and the residue was dissolved in the mobile phase.

[Rapid analysis of genetically modified soybean by a duplex PCR-capillary electrophoresis system with laser-induced fluorescence detection].

Objective: To develop a rapid detection method for genetically modified soybean resistant to glyphosate.

Methods: A duplex PCR was performed with primers designed in this study to simultaneously amplify heterogenous genes in transgenic soybean: CaMV-35S promoter, NOS terminator and CP4-EPSPS gene. And a simple capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection (CE-LIF) was developed and applied to the rapid analysis of the above PCR products by using a 50 cm length x 100 microm i.

[Determination of soybean isoflavones in foods by HPLC].

Objective: To establish a method for the determination of soybean isoflavones including daidzein and genistein in foods by high performance liquid chromatography.

Methods: Soybean isoflavones in food samples were refluxed and extracted by 0.5 mol/L hydrochloric acid and ethanol.