Bile conjugation and its effect on in vitro lipolysis of emulsions.

Bile Salts (BS) are responsible for stimulating lipid digestion in our organism. Gut microbiota are responsible for the deconjugation process of primary conjugated to secondary unconjugated BS. We use two structurally distinct BS and characterize the rate of lipolysis as a compound parameter.

Analysis of aromatic acids by nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis with ionic-liquid electrolytes.

The separation of six kinds of aromatic acids by CZE with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate (EMIMHSO4 ), two kinds of ionic liquids (ILs) as background electrolytes, and acetonitrile as solvent were investigated. The six kinds of aromatic acids can be separated under positive voltage with low IL concentration with either of the two ILs and separation with EMIMHSO4 is better in consideration of peak shapes and separation efficiency. But the migration order is different when the IL is different.

Determination of kaempferol and quercetin in Xindakang tablet by β-cyclodextrin modified micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography.

A method was proposed to determine kaempferol and quercetin in Hippophae rhamnoides L medicinal preparation xindakang tablet by β-cyclodextrin modified micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. Under the optimized conditions: buffer solution of 20 mmol/L Na(2)B(4)O(7)-KH(2)PO(4) (pH 9.0)-20mmol/L SDS-6mmol/L β-CD-5%(v/v) MeCN, applied voltage of 16 kV and injection time of 8s, the two analytes were separated well within 10 minutes.

Research on flavonoids contents in Fructus sophorae with capillary zone electrophoresis.

Genistin, genistein, kaempferol, quercetin and rutin, five kinds of flavonoids in Fructus sophorae, have been analyzed by capillary zone electrophoresis with internal standard calibration. Buffer pH and concentration, applied voltage, β-cyclodextrin and ethanol concentration were optimized and the optimum conditions are: 20 mmol/L borax (pH 9.5) with 8 mmol/L β-cyclodextrin and 5% (v/v) ethanol and at a voltage of 25 kV.

Analysis of flavonoids by non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic-liquids as background electrolytes.

The separation of three flavonoids, kaempferol, quercetin and luteolin, by capillary zone electrophoresis with three 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquids (ILs), namely chloride, hydrogen sulfate and tetrafluoroborate salts, under non-aqueous conditions using acetonitrile as solvent was investigated. Depending on the IL, the three flavonoids can be separated under positive voltage with a low IL concentration and negative voltage with a high IL concentration. The separations are based on heteroconjungation between the IL anions and the analytes.

Analysis of brazilin and protosappanin B in sappan lignum by capillary zone electrophoresis with acid barrage stacking.

A method was developed to determine brazilin and protosappanin B in natural products by CE after acid barrage stacking. The optimum conditions were as follows: a BGE of 20 mM sodium tetraborate (pH 9.2) containing 6% v/v of methanol, hydrodynamic injection (0.

Analysis of flavonoids by capillary zone electrophoresis with electrokinetic supercharging.

On-line concentration via Electrokinetic Supercharging (EKS) was used to enhance the sensitivity of the capillary electrophoretic separation of the four flavonoids naringenin, hesperetin, naringin and hesperidin. Separation conditions, including the background electrolyte pH and concentration, the length and choice of terminator and the electrokinetic injection time were optimized. The optimum conditions were: a background electrolyte of 30 mM sodium tetraborate (pH 9.

Analysis of phenolic acids by non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis after electrokinetic supercharging.

Electrokinetic supercharging (EKS), a new and powerful on-line preconcentration method for capillary electrophoresis, was utilized in non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) to enhance the sensitivity of phenolic acids. The buffer acidity and concentration, leader and terminator length and electrokinetic injection time were optimised, with the optimum conditions being: a background electrolyte of 40 mM Tris-acetic acid (pH 7.9), hydrodynamic injection of 50 mM ammonium chloride (22 s, 0.

Fast analysis of phenolic acids by electrokinetic supercharging-nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis.

A method was developed to analyze phenolic acids by nonaqueous CE after online concentration with electrokinetic supercharging. The EOF was reversed using a polyelectrolyte multilayer approach based on the successive adsorption of poly(diallyldimethylamonium chloride) and poly(styrenesulfonate) to reduce the analysis time. The results showed that the coatings were stable during 40 consecutive injections.

Penta-aqua-[5,5'-(m-phenylene)ditetra-zolato-κN]manganese(II) dihydrate.

The title compound, [Mn(C(8)H(4)N(8))(2)(H(2)O)(5)]·2H(2)O, is the fourth transition metal complex containing the 1,3-di(2H-tetra-zol-5-yl)benzene ligand to be structurally characterized. The Mn^II^ cation has a distorted octahedral coordination geometry. The 1,3-di(tetra-zol-5-yl)benzene ligand is planar.

Poly[[(μ-3,4-dicarboxy-tetra-hydro-furan-2,5-dicarboxyl-ato-κO,O,O:O)(1,10-phenanthroline-κN,N')copper(II)] 0.69-hydrate].

In the crystal structure of the title compound, {[Cu(C(8)H(6)O(9))(C(12)H(8)N(2))]·0.69H(2)O}(n), the Cu(II) atom has a distorted octa-hedral geometry, coordinated by four O atoms from two 3,4-dicarboxy-tetra-hydro-furan-2,5-dicarboxyl-ate ligands and two N atoms from one 1,10-phenanthroline ligand. One of the carboxylate groups bridges the Cu(II) atoms, forming a zigzag chain running along the b axis.