The YAP/SERCA2a signaling pathway protects cardiomyocytes against reperfusion-induced apoptosis.

Mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are known to promote cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Overexpression of yes-associated protein (YAP) and/or sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) has been shown to protect cardiomyocytes against I/R-induced injury. Here, we show that activation of the YAP/SERCA2a pathway attenuated mitochondrial damage and ER stress (ERS) to maintain cardiomyocyte viability in the setting of I/R injury.

Macrocyclic Diterpenoids from and Their Potential Anti-inflammatory Activity.

Guided by H NMR spectroscopic experiments using the aromatic protons as probes, 11 macrocyclic diterpenes (-) were isolated from the aerial parts of . Their full three-dimensional structures, including absolute configurations, were established unambiguously by spectroscopic analysis and single-crystal X-ray crystallographic experiments. Among the isolated compounds, compound is the third member thus far of a rare class of diterpenes featuring an unusual 5/10 fused ring system, and - are new jatrophane diterpenes.

Tanshinone IIA attenuates cardiac microvascular ischemia-reperfusion injury via regulating the SIRT1-PGC1α-mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.

Cardiac microvascular ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury has been a neglected topic in recent decades. In the current study, we investigated the mechanism underlying microvascular IR injury, with a focus on mitochondrial homeostasis. We also explored the protective role of tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) in microvascular protection in the context of IR injury.

Inhibitory effect of melatonin on Mst1 ameliorates myocarditis through attenuating ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Viral myocarditis has been found to be one of the leading causes of sudden death in young adults. However, no effective drugs have been developed to intervene the progression of myocarditis. Accordingly, the present study is carried out to explore the protective role played by melatonin in the setting of viral myocarditis with a focus on Mst1-Hippo pathway, mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress.

Stilbene Glycoside Oligomers from the Roots of Polygonum multiflorum.

Five new trans-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene 2-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (TSG)-based stilbene glycoside oligomers (1-5) were isolated from the roots of Polygonum multiflorum. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and chemical evidences. The absolute configurations of 1, 2, 4, and 5 were established by quantum-chemical electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations.

Antiviral activity of ethanol extract of Lophatherum gracile against respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Lophatherum gracile, an important medicinal plant, is used traditionally in the treatment of cough associated with lung heat and inflammation. In this study, an ethanol extract of L. gracile (DZY) was shown to inhibit respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and RSV-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo.

Antiviral Triketone-Phloroglucinol-Monoterpene Adducts from Callistemon rigidus.

Callistrilones F - K (1 - 6), six new triketone-phloroglucinol-monoterpene hybrids were isolated from the twigs and leaves of Callistemon rigidus. Their structures with absolute configurations were established by a combination analysis of NMR spectra, X-ray diffraction, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 3 and 4 exhibited moderate inhibitory activities against herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) with IC values of 10.

New Acetophenone Derivatives from Acronychia oligophlebia and Their Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities.

Seven new acetophenone derivatives (acroliones A - G, 1 - 7) and three known ones (8 - 10) were isolated from the leaves of Acronychia oligophlebia. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analyses (IR, UV, HR-ESI-MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR), X-ray diffraction and comparison with literature data. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of all isolates were evaluated.

Cajanusflavanols A-C, Three Pairs of Flavonostilbene Enantiomers from Cajanus cajan.

Three pairs of new flavonostilbene enantiomers, cajanusflavanols A-C (1-3), along with their putative biogenetic precursors 4-6, were isolated from Cajanus cajan. Compound 1 possesses an unprecedented carbon skeleton featuring a unique highly functionalized cyclopenta[1,2,3-de]isobenzopyran-1-one tricyclic core. Compounds 2 and 3 are the first examples of methylene-unit-linked flavonostilbenes.