Reconstruction of a Closed-Loop Ecological Cycle System Anchored by Large-Scale Load-balancing Biogas and its economic viability assessment.

Biogas can be used for complementary load-balancing with renewable intermittent power, thus maintaining overall energy output stability. However, biogas load balancing load balancing is typically used in small-scale distributed energy systems, constrained by factors such as technology and land requirements, making it challenging to scale up. Therefore, this study proposes a closed-loop ecological cycle system, where biogas provides load leveling support for large-scale intermittent power sources in desertified regions dominated by animal husbandry.

Dual-biomimetic curved compound-eye camera system for multi-target distance measurement in a large field of view.

Biomimetic curved compound-eye cameras (BCCECs) have attracted great attention for their potential applications in a variety of fields such as target recognition, monitor and three-dimensional localization in military due to their unique optical properties such as large field of view (FOV) and small size. In this work, we proposed a multi-target distance measurement method based on a dual-BCCEC system in a large FOV. To guarantee the precise measurement of the distance of multiple targets, a feature point searching and matching algorithm is developed for the dual-BCCEC system to improve the localizing efficiency of common feature points.

Facile In Situ Building of Sulfonated SiO Coating on Porous Skeletons of Lithium-Ion Battery Separators.

Polyolefin separators with worse porous structures and compatibilities mismatch the internal environment and deteriorate lithium-ion battery (LIB) combination properties. In this study, a sulfonated SiO (SSD) composited polypropylene separator (PP@SSD) is prepared to homogenize pore sizes and in situ-built SSD coatings on porous skeletons. Imported SSD uniformizes pore sizes owing to centralized interface distributions within casting films.

Site-specific tethering nanobodies on recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors for retargeted gene therapy.

Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) have been extensively studied for decades as carriers for delivering therapeutic genes. However, designing rAAV vectors with selective tropism for specific cell types and tissues has remained challenging. Here, we introduce a strategy for redirecting rAAV by attaching nanobodies with desired tropism at specific sites, effectively replacing the original tropism.

Global Burden of Stroke Attributable to Low Physical Activity/High Body Mass Index Among People Aged 55 Years and Older.

Background: This study aimed to quantify the global stroke burden attributable to low physical activity and high body mass index in adults aged ≥55 years using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study.

Methods: We extracted data on stroke mortality, disability-adjusted life years, and risk factor exposure from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study for people aged ≥55 years. We calculated the population-attributable fraction and absolute number of stroke cases and disability-adjusted life years attributable to low physical activity and high body mass index by location, age group, sex, and year.

Global, regional and national epidemiology of allergic disorders in children from 1990 to 2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019.

Objective: This modelling study aimed to estimate the burden for allergic diseases in children during a period of 30 years.

Design: Population-based observational study.

Main Outcomes And Measures: The data on the incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for childhood allergic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD) and asthma, were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019 online database.

Liquid biopsy techniques and lung cancer: diagnosis, monitoring and evaluation.

Lung cancer stands as the most prevalent form of cancer globally, posing a significant threat to human well-being. Due to the lack of effective and accurate early diagnostic methods, many patients are diagnosed with advanced lung cancer. Although surgical resection is still a potential means of eradicating lung cancer, patients with advanced lung cancer usually miss the best chance for surgical treatment, and even after surgical resection patients may still experience tumor recurrence.

Transcriptome in Liver of Periparturient Dairy Cows Differs between Supplementation of Rumen-Protected Niacin and Rumen-Protected Nicotinamide.

To investigate the difference between rumen-protected niacin (RPN) and rumen-protected nicotinamide (RPM) in the transcriptome of genes relating to the lipid metabolism of the liver of periparturient dairy cows, 10 healthy Chinese Holstein cows were randomly divided into two groups and fed diets supplemented with 18.4 g/d RPN or 18.7 g/d RPM, respectively.

Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles and Their Effect on Pancreatic Functions and Acute Pancreatitis in Rats.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) have been documented to have severe impact on pancreatic function. Frequent incidence of AP can result in chronic pancreatitis and thereby it can increase the probability of pancreatic cancers. This study intended to examine the effect of selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) synthesized from Coleus forskohlii leaf extract on pancreatic function and AP in rat.

Temporal trends of migraine and tension-type headache burden across the BRICS: implications from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019.

Background: Headache disorders have become a significant global public health issue, with a notably high prevalence observed in developing countries. However, few studies have assessed headache disorders trends in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of headache disorders in individuals across the BRICS, spanning the years 1990 to 2019.

Advanced Biomimetic Multispectral Curved Compound Eye Camera for Aerial Multispectral Imaging in a Large Field of View.

In this work, we demonstrated a new type of biomimetic multispectral curved compound eye camera (BM3C) inspired by insect compound eyes for aerial multispectral imaging in a large field of view. The proposed system exhibits a maximum field of view (FOV) of 120 degrees and seven-waveband multispectral images ranging from visible to near-infrared wavelengths. Pinhole imaging theory and the image registration method from feature detection are used to reconstruct the multispectral 3D data cube.

Efficacy and Complications of Percutaneous Balloon Compression for Patients With Trigeminal Neuralgia With and Without Concomitant Continuous Pain.

Background: Percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) has become one of the most common and effective minimally invasive treatments for trigeminal neuralgia (TN). However, the initial and long-term pain outcomes, as well as the complication rates of PBC for patients with TN with concomitant continuous pain (CCP) have yet to be specifically documented.

Objective: In this clinical study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the results of PBC in treating TN with and without CCP.

Xiaoqinglong decoction suppresses childhood cough variant asthma and inhibited the body inflammatory response by regulating IL-6/STAT3 signalling pathway.

Xiaoqinglong decoction (XQLD) is widely used clinically in the treatment of childhood cough variant asthma (CVA). However, its potential mechanism is still unknown. In the present study, the authors investigate the biological network and signalling pathway of XQLD in treatment of childhood CVA using network pharmacology-based analysis and experimental validation.

Rumen bacterial cluster identification and its influence on rumen metabolites and growth performance of young goats.

Enterotypes, which are defined as bacterial clusters in the gut microbiome, have been found to have a close relationship to host metabolism and health. However, this concept has never been used in the rumen, and little is known about the complex biological relationships between ruminants and their rumen bacterial clusters. In this study, we used young goats ( = 99) as a model, fed them the same diet, and analyzed their rumen microbiome and corresponding bacterial clusters.

An engineered influenza virus to deliver antigens for lung cancer vaccination.

The development of cancer neoantigen vaccines that prime the anti-tumor immune responses has been hindered in part by challenges in delivery of neoantigens to the tumor. Here, using the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) in a melanoma model, we demonstrate a chimeric antigenic peptide influenza virus (CAP-Flu) system for delivery of antigenic peptides bound to influenza A virus (IAV) to the lung. We conjugated attenuated IAVs with the innate immunostimulatory agent CpG and, after intranasal administration to the mouse lung, observed increased immune cell infiltration to the tumor.

MiDA: Membership inference attacks against domain adaptation.

Domain adaption has become an effective solution to train neural networks with insufficient training data. In this paper, we investigate the vulnerability of domain adaption that potentially breaches sensitive information about the training dataset. We propose a new membership inference attack against domain adaption models, to infer the membership information of samples from the target domain.

Proximity-enabled covalent binding of IL-2 to IL-2Rα selectively activates regulatory T cells and suppresses autoimmunity.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a pleiotropic cytokine that orchestrates bidirectional immune responses via regulatory T cells (Tregs) and effector cells, leading to paradoxical consequences. Here, we report a strategy that exploited genetic code expansion-guided incorporation of the latent bioreactive artificial amino acid fluorosulfate-L-tyrosine (FSY) into IL-2 for proximity-enabled covalent binding to IL-2Rα to selectively promote Treg activation. We found that FSY-bearing IL-2 variants, such as L72-FSY, covalently bound to IL-2Rα via sulfur-fluoride exchange when in proximity, resulting in persistent recycling of IL-2 and selectively promoting the expansion of Tregs but not effector cells.

The adenosine A receptor antagonist KW6002 distinctly regulates retinal ganglion cell morphology during postnatal development and neonatal inflammation.

Adenosine A receptors (ARs) appear early in the retina during postnatal development, but the roles of the ARs in the morphogenesis of distinct types of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) during postnatal development and neonatal inflammatory response remain undetermined. As the RGCs are rather heterogeneous in morphology and functions in the retina, here we resorted to the Thy1-YFPH transgenic mice and three-dimensional (3D) neuron reconstruction to investigate how ARs regulate the morphogenesis of three morphologically distinct types of RGCs (namely Type I, II, III) during postnatal development and neonatal inflammation. We found that the AR antagonist KW6002 did not change the proportion of the three RGC types during retinal development, but exerted a bidirectional effect on dendritic complexity of Type I and III RGCs and cell type-specifically altered their morphologies with decreased dendrite density of Type I, decreased the dendritic field area of Type II and III, increased dendrite density of Type III RGCs.

Long-working-distance 3D measurement with a bionic curved compound-eye camera.

The bionic curved compound-eye camera is a bionic-inspired multi-aperture camera, which can be designed to have an overlap on the field of view (FOV) in between adjacent ommatidia so that 3D measurement is possible. In this work, we demonstrate the 3D measurement with a working distance of up to 3.2 m by a curved compound-eye camera.

Molecular evolution and functional characterization of chitinase gene family in Populus trichocarpa.

Chitinases, the chitin-degrading enzymes, have been shown to play important role in defense against the chitin-containing fungal pathogens. In this study, we identified 48 chitinase-coding genes from the woody model plant Populus trichocarpa. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the Populus chitinases were classified into seven groups.

Simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox, and denitrification in an upflow microaerobic membrane bioreactor treating middle concentration of ammonia nitrogen wastewater with low COD/TN ratio.

The rapid start-up and operating characteristics of simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox, and denitrification (SNAD) process was investigated using synthetic wastewater with a low C/N ratio (COD: NH-N = 200 mg/L: 200 mg/L) in a novel upflow microaerobic membrane bioreactor (UMMBR). The average removal efficiencies of COD, NH-N, and TN in the stable phase were 89%, 96%, and 86%, respectively. Carmine granule, which coexisted with sludge floc, appeared on day 83.