Ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death caused by iron-dependent accumulation of lethal polyunsaturated phospholipids peroxidation. It has received considerable attention owing to its putative involvement in a wide range of pathophysiological processes such as organ injury, cardiac ischemia/reperfusion, degenerative disease and its prevalence in plants, invertebrates, yeasts, bacteria, and archaea. To counter ferroptosis, living organisms have evolved a myriad of intrinsic efficient defense systems, such as cyst(e)ine-glutathione-glutathione peroxidase 4 system (cyst(e)ine-GPX4 system), guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase 1/tetrahydrobiopterin (BH) system (GCH1/BH system), ferroptosis suppressor protein 1/coenzyme Q system (FSP1/CoQ system), and so forth.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Rash and cholestatic liver injury caused by methimazole (MMI) in patients with Turner syndrome (TS) and Graves's disease (GD) are rarely reported, and there is a paucity of reports on the management of this condition. It is not clear whether propylthiouracil (PTU) can be used as a safe alternative in this case.
Case Presentation: A 37-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with rash, severe pruritus and a change in urine colour after 2 months of GD treatment with MMI.
Background: The management of emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) includes conservative medical treatment, percutaneous drainage, and surgical resection of the involved kidney. EPN with diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA) is very rare, in which the clinical management of refusing surgical drainage is inexperienced.
Case Presentation: A 34-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain, chills, fever, nausea, vomiting, chest tightness, and shortness of breath.