Short-term exposure to high relative humidity increases blood urea and influences colonic urea-nitrogen metabolism by altering the gut microbiota.

Introduction: Colonic urea-nitrogen metabolites have been implicated in the pathogenesis of certain diseases which can be affected by environmental factors.

Objectives: We aimed to explore the influence of ambient humidity on colonic urea-nitrogen metabolism.

Methods: Blood biochemical indexes, metabolites of intestinal tract, and gut microbiota composition of mice ( = 10/group) exposed to high relative humidity (RH, 90 ± 2%) were analyzed during the 14-day exposure.

Occurrence and elimination of antibiotic resistance genes in a long-term operation integrated surface flow constructed wetland.

Wetland construction is a recommended domestic sewage treatment technique, owing to its simplicity and cost efficiency. Concentrations of 14 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in an integrated surface flow constructed wetland (ICW) steadily operated over 10 years were investigated in the winter and summer. Domestic sewage was observed to be the primary source of ARGs in the ICW, and 77.