COTI-2 suppresses the malignancy of bladder cancer by inducing apoptosis via the AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway.

Objectives: COTI-2, an innovative oral homocysteine, has shown promising antitumor results on multiple types of cancer. However, its effects in treating bladder cancer (BCa) and the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been elucidated. The present study aimed to explore the antitumor effects of COTI-2 on BCa and the potential mechanisms.

Androgen receptor regulates eIF5A2 expression and promotes prostate cancer metastasis via EMT.

Androgen receptor (AR) is an androgen-activated transcription factor of the nuclear receptor superfamily. AR plays a role in the development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). However, the exact role of AR in PCa metastasis remains unclear.

Significance of and immune-related genes to prostate cancer.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of most common male neoplasms. is the tumor suppressor gene with the highest correlation with human tumorigenesis discovered so far. Besides the TP53, immune-related genes attracted much attention since the clinical application of PD-1/PD-L1 (programmed death 1/programmed cell death-ligand 1) related drugs.

Islet transplantation ameliorates diabetes-induced testicular interstitial fibrosis and is associated with inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad2 pathway in a rat model of type 1 diabetes.

Islet transplantation (IT) is considered the most effective endocrine replacement therapy for diabetes mellitus (DM). Studies have demonstrated that IT can repair testicular structural injury caused by inflammatory and oxidative stress in a diabetic rat model. However, highly effective exogenous antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drugs can achieve this effect.

Dysbiosis of urine microbiota in obstructive urinary retention patients revealed by next-generation sequencing.

Background: Urinary retention (UR) is a common urinary system disease can be caused by urinary tract obstruction with numerous reasons, however, the role of urine microbes in these disorders is still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify the urine microbial features of two common types of obstructive UR, caused by urinary stones or urinary tract tumors, with comparison to healthy controls.

Methods: Urine samples were collected from a cohort of 32 individuals with stone UR, 25 subjects with tumor UR and 25 healthy controls.

The impact of marriage on the overall survival of prostate cancer patients: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) analysis.

Introduction: Marital status has long been associated with positive patient outcomes in several malignances; however, little is known about its influence on prostate cancer. We analyzed data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to evaluate whether married patients with prostate cancer had a better prognosis than unmarried patients.

Methods: We identified 824 554 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer between 1973 and 2012 in the SEER database.

The Effect of MGCD0103 on CYP450 Isoforms Activity of Rats by Cocktail Method.

MGCD0103, an isotype-selective histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), has been clinically evaluated for the treatment of hematologic malignancies and advanced solid tumors, alone and in combination with standard-of-care agents. In order to investigate the effects of MGCD0103 on the metabolic capacity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, a cocktail method was employed to evaluate the activities of human CYP2B1, CYP1A2, CYP2C11, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, and CYP2C9. The rats were randomly divided into MGCD0103 group (Low, Medium, and High) and control group.

Effect of ademetionine on cytochrome P450 isoforms activity in rats.

Cocktail method was used to evaluate the influence of ademetionine on the activities of CYP450 isoforms CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP3A4, CYP2C19, CYP2C9 and CYP2B6, which were reflected by the changes of pharmacokinetic parameters of six specific probe drugs phenacetin, metroprolol, midazolam, omeprazole, tolbutamide and bupropion, respectively. The experimental rats were randomly divided into two group, control group and ademetionine group. The ademetionine group rats were given 50 mg/kg ademetionine by continuous oral administration for 7 days.

Effects of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid on rat cytochrome P450 enzyme activities.

Vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA) is the first approved histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma after progressive disease following two systemic therapies. The rats were randomly divided into SAHA groups (low, medium and high dosage) and control group. The SAHA group rats were given 12.

Docetaxel with or without zoledronic acid for castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of zoledronic acid (ZA) in the combination of docetaxel-based chemotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer with bone metastases.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study in recruiting 105 prostate cancer patients with bone metastases from 2008 to 2010. Patients were randomly divided into two groups, 53 in the docetaxel-based chemotherapy + ZA(Group A) and 52 in the docetaxel-based chemotherapy + placebo(Group B).