Non-Invasive Monitoring of Cerebral Edema Using Ultrasonic Echo Signal Features and Machine Learning.

Objectives: Cerebral edema, a prevalent consequence of brain injury, is associated with significant mortality and disability. Timely diagnosis and monitoring are crucial for patient prognosis. There is a pressing clinical demand for a real-time, non-invasive cerebral edema monitoring method.

Detecting white adipose tissue browning in mice with in vivo R* mapping at 9.4T MRI.

White adipose tissue (WAT) browning is considered a promising strategy to combat obesity and related metabolic diseases. Currently, fat-water fraction (FWF) has been used as a marker for the loss of lipids associated with WAT browning. However, FWF may not be sensitive to metabolic changes and cannot specifically reflect iron-regulated metabolism during browning.

Z-Spectral MRI Quantifies the Mass and Metabolic Activity of Adipose Tissues With Fat-Water-Fraction and Amide-Proton-Transfer Contrasts.

Background: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is metabolically activatable and plays an important role in obesity and metabolic diseases. With reduced fat-water-fraction (FWF) compared with white adipose tissue (WAT), BAT mass and its functional activation may be quantified with Z-spectra MRI, with built-in FWF and the metabolic amide proton transfer (APT) contrasts.

Purpose: To investigate if Z-spectral MRI can quantify the mass and metabolic activity of adipose tissues.

A low-carbon economic dispatch method for regional integrated energy system based on multi-objective chaotic artificial hummingbird algorithm.

This paper investigates Regional Integrated Energy Systems (RIES), emphasizing the connection of diverse energy supply subsystems to address varied user needs and enhance operational efficiency. A novel low-carbon economic dispatch method, utilizing the multi-objective chaotic artificial hummingbird algorithm, is introduced. The method not only optimizes economic and environmental benefits but also aligns with "carbon peak and carbon neutrality" objectives.

Enhancing Short Track Speed Skating Performance through Improved DDQN Tactical Decision Model.

This paper studies the tactical decision-making model of short track speed skating based on deep reinforcement learning, so as to improve the competitive performance of corresponding short track speed skaters. Short track speed skating, a traditional discipline in the Winter Olympics since its establishment in 1988, has consistently garnered attention. As artificial intelligence continues to advance, the utilization of deep learning methods to enhance athletes' tactical decision-making capabilities has become increasingly prevalent.

TiClprecursor affecting the performance of HTM-free carbon-based perovskite solar cell.

The presence of TiOused as an efficient electron transport layer is crucial to achieving high-performance solar cells, especially for a hole transport material (HTM)-free carbon-based perovskite solar cell (PSC). The hydrolysis of TiClis one of the most widely used routes for forming TiOlayer in solar cells, which includes the stock solution preparation from TiClinitial precursor and the thermal hydrolysis of the stock solution. The second thermal hydrolysis step has been extensively studied, while the initial hydrolysis reaction in the first step is not receiving sufficient attention, especially for its influence on the photovoltaic performance of HTM-free carbon-based devices.

Efficacy of mouthwash on reducing salivary SARS-CoV-2 viral load and clinical symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: COVID-19 has been a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) for a lengthy period of time. The novel coronavirus is primarily spread via aerosols at a short distance, with infected individuals releasing large amounts of aerosols when speaking and coughing. However, there is an open question regarding whether mouthwash could effectively reduce virus transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic and support the prevention of infection among medical workers.

Identification and validation of genes associated with copper death in oral squamous cell carcinoma based on machine learning and weighted gene co-expression network analysis.

Objective: To identify copper-induced death-associated hub genes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and understand their functional and biological significance using machine learning and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA).

Methods: OSCC transcriptomic data from GEO and TCGA databases were subjected to data integration, batch effect removal, background correction, and quantile normalization to select cuproptosis-associated genes using Spearman's correlation analysis. The 'limma' R package was used to filter differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Ultra-sensitive luminescence ratiometric thermometry from E→A transitions of AlTaO:Cr.

In recent years, non-contact ratiometric luminescence thermometry has continued to gain popularity among researchers, owing to its compelling features, such as high accuracy, fast response, and convenience. The development of novel optical thermometry with ultrahigh relative sensitivity (Sr) and temperature resolution has become a frontier topic. In this work, we present a novel, to the best of our knowldege, luminescence intensity ratio (LIR) thermometry method that relies on AlTaO:Cr materials, based on the fact that they possess both anti-Stokes phonon sideband emission and R-line emission at the E→A transitions and have been confirmed to follow the Boltzmann distribution.

Tb-based multi-mode optical ratiometric thermometry.

Owing to some special superiority, luminescence ratiometric thermometry, mainly including dual excitations single emission and single excitation dual emissions, has gained popularity over the past few years. However, developing novel ratiometric thermometry that can work in multi-mode is still a challenge. Here we report a temperature measurement method based on the photoinduced luminescence of Tb in the low-cost and easy to prepare calcium tungstate.

Effects of probiotics on preventing caries in preschool children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This paper systematically evaluate the effects of probiotics on preventing caries in preschool children. The present systematic review was conducted following the Transparent Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and recorded in the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) database (registration no: CRD42022325286). Literature were screened from PubMed, Embase, Web of Sciences, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang and other databases from inception to April 2022 to identify randomized controlled trials on the clinical efficacies of probiotics in preventing dental caries in preschool children and extract relevant data.

A Hardware-Friendly High-Precision CNN Pruning Method and Its FPGA Implementation.

To address the problems of large storage requirements, computational pressure, untimely data supply of off-chip memory, and low computational efficiency during hardware deployment due to the large number of convolutional neural network (CNN) parameters, we developed an innovative hardware-friendly CNN pruning method called KRP, which prunes the convolutional kernel on a row scale. A new retraining method based on LR tracking was used to obtain a CNN model with both a high pruning rate and accuracy. Furthermore, we designed a high-performance convolutional computation module on the FPGA platform to help deploy KRP pruning models.

Efficient near-infrared broadband garnet phosphor for pc-LED and its application to vascular visualization and night vision.

Ultra-broadband near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has unparalleled application prospects in intelligent detection and phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes (pc-LED), which are most likely to become the next generation of NIR light sources, has become a hot spot for research nowadays. To cope with the demand for more NIR spectroscopy applications, more efficient NIR phosphors need to be developed. Here, by screening the subject with a smaller band gap and by screening the suitable ion electronegativity of the lattice position where the Cr is located, and then through the energy transfer, a series of GdZnGaGeO:xCr, yYb (GZGG:Cr/Yb) NIR broadband garnet phosphors were found for the first time.

Blind Deblurring of Remote-Sensing Single Images Based on Feature Alignment.

Motion blur recovery is a common method in the field of remote sensing image processing that can effectively improve the accuracy of detection and recognition. Among the existing motion blur recovery methods, the algorithms based on deep learning do not rely on a priori knowledge and, thus, have better generalizability. However, the existing deep learning algorithms usually suffer from feature misalignment, resulting in a high probability of missing details or errors in the recovered images.

A Hardware-Friendly Low-Bit Power-of-Two Quantization Method for CNNs and Its FPGA Implementation.

To address the problems of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) consuming more hardware resources (such as DSPs and RAMs on FPGAs) and their accuracy, efficiency, and resources being difficult to balance, meaning they cannot meet the requirements of industrial applications, we proposed an innovative low-bit power-of-two quantization method: the global sign-based network quantization (GSNQ). This method involves designing different quantization ranges according to the sign of the weights, which can provide a larger quantization-value range. Combined with the fine-grained and multi-scale global retraining method proposed in this paper, the accuracy loss of low-bit quantization can be effectively reduced.

Near-Infrared Broadband ZnTaO:Cr Phosphor for pc-LEDs and Its Application to Nondestructive Testing.

Broadband near-infrared (NIR) phosphors are necessary materials for developing portable NIR light sources. Moreover, exploiting an NIR phosphor with a main peak located beyond a wavelength of 900 nm remains a challenge because this spectral range has great potential in biological nondestructive testing and solution testing. In this study, a range of Cr-doped ZnTaO (ZTO) phosphors were completely synthesized by a solid-state method, which show broadband Cr emission centered at 935 nm with a large full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 185 nm due to two distorted octahedral sites.

Cesium acetate-assisted crystallization for high-performance inverted CsPbIperovskite solar cells.

Efficient inverted (p-i-n) type CsPbIperovskite solar cells (PSCs) have revealed promising applications due to their excellent thermal and photostability. Regulating the nucleation and crystallization of perovskite film is an important route to improving the performance of CsPbIPSCs. Herein, we explored cesium acetate (CsAc) as additive to manipulate the crystallization process of CsPbIperovskite films.

Chromium(III)-Doped Phosphors of High-Efficiency Two-Site Occupation Broadband Infrared Emission for Vessel Visualization Applications.

The exploration of efficient broadband near-infrared (NIR) emitting materials is essential to establishing new NIR applications. In this work, an excellent NIR phosphor MgGaGeO:Cr, with an emission band of 650-1350 nm and a full width at half maximum of 266 nm, was successfully prepared. When Ga ions were replaced by In ions, its emission intensity increased 4 times, and the internal and external quantum efficiency reached 86 and 37%, respectively.

Eu-based dual-excitation single-emission luminescent ratiometric thermometry.

Recently, single-band ratiometric (SBR) thermometry becomes a hot-spot in the research field of optical thermometry. Here we propose a new SBR thermometry by combining the temperature-induced red shift of charge transfer state (CTS) of W-O and Eu-O with the ground state absorption (GSA) and excited state absorption (ESA) of Eu. The emitting intensity of the D-F transition of Eu is monitored under CTS, GSA and ESA excitations at different temperatures.

Protection of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide on the Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction Induced by Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats.

Objective: To investigate the effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide on the blood brain barrier function after focal cerebral ischemia in rats.

Materials And Methods: Rats were intracerebroventricular injected with vasoactive intestinal peptide after a two hours middle cerebral artery occlusion. Functional outcome was studied with the neurological severity score.

Coupling aqueous zinc batteries and perovskite solar cells for simultaneous energy harvest, conversion and storage.

Simultaneously harvesting, converting and storing solar energy in a single device represents an ideal technological approach for the next generation of power sources. Herein, we propose a device consisting of an integrated carbon-based perovskite solar cell module capable of harvesting solar energy (and converting it into electricity) and a rechargeable aqueous zinc metal cell. The electrochemical energy storage cell utilizes heterostructural CoP-CoP-NiCoO nanometric arrays and zinc metal as the cathode and anode, respectively, and shows a capacity retention of approximately 78% after 25000 cycles at 32 A/g.

Carotid arterial wall MRI of apolipoprotein e-deficient mouse at 7 T using DANTE-prepared variable-flip-angle rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement.

Purpose: To optimize a sequence combining the delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation (DANTE) preparative module with the variable-flip-angle rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (VF-RARE) sequence (DANTE-VF-RARE) and to investigate its feasibility for vessel wall imaging in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient (ApoE) mouse at 7 Tesla (T).

Materials And Methods: Specific T1/T2 values were used for producing a sharper vessel wall in the variable-flip-angle optimization scheme. The DANTE RF pulse flip angle and pulse train length were optimized for maximizing the wall-lumen contrast.

Two-Terminal Perovskite-Based Tandem Solar Cells for Energy Conversion and Storage.

The organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells present a rapid improvement on power conversion efficiency from 3.8% to 25.5% in the past decades.

HOXB2 and FOXC1 synergistically drive the progression of Wilms tumor.

Objective: To uncover the expression patterns of HOXB2 and FOXC1 in Wilms tumor samples, and their synergistical regulations on the development of Wilms tumor.

Methods: Expression levels of HOXB2 and FOXC1 in 58 cases of Wilms tumor tissues and paracancerous ones were detected. The influences of HOXB2 and FOXC1 on prognosis in Wilms tumor patients were analyzed.

Vasoactive intestinal peptide administration after stroke in rats enhances neurogenesis and improves neurological function.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) on neurogenesis and neurological function after cerebral ischemia. Rats were intracerebroventricular administered with VIP after a 2h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and sacrificed at 7, 14 and 28 days after MCAO. Functional outcome was studied with the modified neurological severity score.