Impaired network organization in mild age-related hearing loss.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is considered one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders in the elderly; however, how it contributes to cognitive decline is poorly understood. With resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging from 66 individuals with ARHL and 54 healthy controls, group spatial independent component analyses, sliding window analyses, graph-theory methods, multilayer networks, and correlation analyses were used to identify ARHL-induced disturbances in static and dynamic functional network connectivity (sFNC/dFNC), alterations in global network switching and their links to cognitive performances. ARHL was associated with decreased sFNC/dFNC within the default mode network (DMN) and increased sFNC/dFNC between the DMN and central executive, salience (SN), and visual networks.

Glymphatic system dysfunction associated with cognitive impairment in chronic tinnitus patients.

Background: The glymphatic system has been regarded as a pivotal factor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Given the heightened risk of cognitive impairment in chronic tinnitus patients, the possible alterations of the glymphatic system in tinnitus patients remain elusive. This study was designed to evaluate glymphatic dysfunction in chronic tinnitus patients using the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) approach.

Ring Transformation of Cyclopropenes to Benzo-Fused Five-Membered Oxa- and Aza-Heterocycles via a Formal [4+1] Cyclization.

In the context of the growing importance of heterocyclic compounds across various disciplines, numerous strategies for their construction have emerged. Exploiting the distinctive properties of cyclopropenes, this study introduces an innovative approach for the synthesis of benzo-fused five-membered oxa- and aza-heterocycles through a formal [4+1] cyclization and subsequent acid-catalyzed intramolecular O- to N- rearrangement. These transformations exhibit mild reaction conditions and a wide substrate scope.

Neurovascular coupling dysfunction associated with cognitive impairment in presbycusis.

The neuropathological mechanism underlying presbycusis remains unclear. This study aimed to illustrate the mechanism of neurovascular coupling associated with cognitive impairment in patients with presbycusis. We assessed the coupling of cerebral blood perfusion with spontaneous neuronal activity by calculating the correlation coefficients between cerebral blood flow and blood oxygen level-dependent-derived quantitative maps (amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation, fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation, regional homogeneity, degree centrality).

Combination of static and dynamic neural imaging features to distinguish sensorineural hearing loss: a machine learning study.

Purpose: Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is the most common form of sensory deprivation and is often unrecognized by patients, inducing not only auditory but also nonauditory symptoms. Data-driven classifier modeling with the combination of neural static and dynamic imaging features could be effectively used to classify SNHL individuals and healthy controls (HCs).

Methods: We conducted hearing evaluation, neurological scale tests and resting-state MRI on 110 SNHL patients and 106 HCs.

Enhancing Gastrodin Production in by Metabolic Engineering.

Gastrodin, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol-4--β-D-glucopyranoside, has been widely used in the treatment of neurogenic and cardiovascular diseases. Currently, gastrodin biosynthesis is being achieved in model microorganisms. However, the production levels are insufficient for industrial applications.

RASSF1A promotes radiosensitivity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by promoting FoxO3a and inhibiting the Nrf2/TXNRD1 signaling pathway.

Radiotherapy is widely used as the first-line treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the resistance of some patients to treatment lowers its clinical effectiveness. Compared to typical epithelial cells, NPC markedly lowers the Ras-association domain family 1A (RASSF1A) protein expression.

Reorganization of the cortical connectome functional gradient in age-related hearing loss.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL), one of the most common sensory deficits in elderly individuals, is a risk factor for dementia; however, it is unclear how ARHL affects the decline in cognitive function. To address this issue, a connectome gradient framework was used to identify critical features of information integration between sensory and cognitive processing centers using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data from 40 individuals with ARHL and 36 healthy controls (HCs). The first three functional gradient alterations associated with ARHL were investigated at the global, network and regional levels.

Synchronization of Coupled Neural Networks With Constant Time-Delay Using Sampled-Data Information.

In this article, a synchronization control method is studied for coupled neural networks (CNNs) with constant time delay using sampled-data information. A distributed control protocol relying on the sampled-data information of neighboring nodes is proposed. Lyapunov functional is constructed to analyze the synchronization of CNNs with constant time delay.

Evaluation of glymphatic system activity by diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space in presbycusis.

Purpose: Previous studies have suggested that presbycusis (age-related hearing loss) is accompanied with cognitive decline and dementia. However, the neural mechanism underlying the cognitive decline in presbycusis remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the glymphatic system function in presbycusis patients compared to healthy controls using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) method.

Distributed Dynamic Event-Triggered Leader-Following Consensus for Nonlinear Multiagent Systems Over Fading Channel.

This article investigates the leader-following consensus problem of discrete-time nonlinear multiagent systems (MASs) over fading channels. With the consideration of the transmission among followers maybe affected by the fading networks, the nonidentical fading channels model is constructed. To reduce the transmission network burden, the dynamical event-triggered mechanism (DETM) is developed.

Alteration in resting-state effective connectivity within the Papez circuit in Presbycusis.

Previous studies have suggested that the Papez circuit may be involved in the cognitive impairment observed after hearing loss in presbycusis patients, yet relatively little is known about the pattern of changes in effective connectivity within the circuit. The aim of this study was to investigate abnormal alterations in resting-state effective connectivity within the Papez circuit and their association with cognitive decline in presbycusis patients. The spectral dynamic causal modelling (spDCM) approach was used for resting-state effective connectivity analysis in 61 presbycusis patients and 52 healthy controls (HCs) within the Papez circuit.

Degree centrality and functional connections in presbycusis with and without cognitive impairments.

Presbycusis is a major public issue that affecting elderly adults. However, the neural substrates between normal cognition and cognitive deficits in these patients need to be illustrated. 47 patients with presbycusis and 33 well-matched healthy controls were recruited in present study.

Role of STAT3 in the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its significance in anticancer therapy.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a type of head and neck tumor with noticeable regional and ethnic differences. It is associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection and has a tendency for local and distant metastasis. NPC is also highly sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Abnormal cerebellar network and effective connectivity in sudden and long-term sensorineural hearing loss.

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is a common otology emergency and some SSNHL will develop into a long-term hearing loss (LSNHL). However, whether SSNHL and LSNHL have similar psychiatric patterns remains unknown, as well as the neural substrates. Increasing evidence has proved that the cerebellar network plays a vital role in hearing, cognition processing, and emotion control.

Aberrant Modulations of Neurocognitive Network Dynamics in Migraine Comorbid With Tinnitus.

Purpose: The possible relationship between migraine and tinnitus still remains elusive although migraine is often accompanied by chronic tinnitus. Several neuroimaging studies have reinforced the cognitive network abnormality in migraine and probably as well as tinnitus. The present work aims to investigate the dynamic neurocognitive network alterations of migraine comorbid with tinnitus.

Reorganized Brain Functional Network Topology in Presbycusis.

Purpose: Presbycusis is characterized by bilateral sensorineural hearing loss at high frequencies and is often accompanied by cognitive decline. This study aimed to identify the topological reorganization of brain functional network in presbycusis with/without cognitive decline by using graph theory analysis approaches based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).

Methods: Resting-state fMRI scans were obtained from 30 presbycusis patients with cognitive decline, 30 presbycusis patients without cognitive decline, and 50 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls.

Disrupted Topological Organization of Resting-State Functional Brain Networks in Age-Related Hearing Loss.

Purpose: Age-related hearing loss (ARHL), associated with the function of speech perception decreases characterized by bilateral sensorineural hearing loss at high frequencies, has become an increasingly critical public health problem. This study aimed to investigate the topological features of the brain functional network and structural dysfunction of the central nervous system in ARHL using graph theory.

Methods: Forty-six patients with ARHL and forty-five age, sex, and education-matched healthy controls were recruited to undergo a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan in this study.

Aberrant Functional Network of Small-World in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss With Tinnitus.

Few researchers investigated the topological properties and relationships with cognitive deficits in sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) with tinnitus. To explore the topological characteristics of the brain connectome following SNHL from the global level and nodal level, we recruited 36 bilateral SNHL patients with tinnitus and 37 well-matched healthy controls. Every subject underwent pure tone audiometry tests, neuropsychological assessments, and MRI scanning.

Acne detection and severity evaluation with interpretable convolutional neural network models.

Background: Acne vulgaris is one of the most prevalent skin conditions, which harms not only the patients' physiological conditions, but also their mental health. Early diagnosis and accurate continuous self-monitoring could help control and alleviate their discomfort.

Objective: We focus on the development and comparison of deep learning models for locating acne lesions on facial images, thus making estimations on the acne severity on faces via medical criterion.

A field-based general framework to simulate fluids in parallel and the framework's application to a matrix acidization simulation.

On the basis of numerous fluid simulation experiences, researchers have discovered that many common operations can be abstracted to form a general fluid simulation framework. These operations include the discretization of equations and variables, the computation of the coefficients, the assembly of the linear or nonlinear systems, the solving of the systems, etc. Furthermore, all of the operations can be attributed to the operations "in the field", which is an abstract concept derived from the equations and variables.

Specific brain network predictors of interventions with different mechanisms for tinnitus patients.

Background: The aberrant brain network that gives rise to the phantom sound of tinnitus is believed to determine the effectiveness of tinnitus therapies involving neuromodulation with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and sound therapy utilizing tailor-made notch music training (TMNMT). To test this hypothesis, we determined how effective rTMS or TMNMT were in ameliorating tinnitus in patients with different functional brain networks.

Methods: Resting-state functional MRI was used to construct brain functional networks in patients with tinnitus (41 males/45 females, mean age 49.

Research on Vision of Intelligent Car Based on Broad Learning System.

The broad learning system (BLS) of intelligent vehicle in different target environments is studied in this article. First, this article provides with the target recognition image data to be trained and detected through the automated guided vehicle (AGV) mobile platform, which can grab the recognition image of different angles and backgrounds. In order to avoid the data generalization phenomenon, the dataset can be expanded by the data normalization and data enhancement.