[Electroacupuncture improves cognitive function by modulating hippocampal lactate-mediated HIF-1α signaling pathway and inhibiting inflammation response in vascular dementia rats].

Objectives: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of "Sishencong"(EX-HN1) and "Fengchi"(GB20) on lactate (Lac) content, expression of proline hydroxylase 2 (PHD2), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/nuclear transcription factor- κB (NF- κB)/NOD-like receptor thermoprotein structural domain-associated protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway, and inflammatory factors in hippocampal tissue of vascular dementia (VD) rats, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of VD.

Methods: Male SD rats screened by Morris water maze tests were randomly divided into blank control, sham-operation, VD model and EA groups (12 rats in each group). The VD model was replicated using the 4-vessel occlusion (VO) method.

Combining CUBIC Optical Clearing and Thy1-YFP-16 Mice to Observe Morphological Axon Changes During Wallerian Degeneration.

Objective: Wallerian degeneration is a pathological process closely related to peripheral nerve regeneration following injury, and includes the disintegration and phagocytosis of peripheral nervous system cells. Traditionally, morphological changes are observed by performing immunofluorescence staining after sectioning, which results in the loss of some histological information. The purpose of this study was to explore a new, nondestructive, and systematic method for observing axonal histological changes during Wallerian degeneration.

Brain functional remodeling caused by sciatic nerve transposition repair in rats identified by multiple-model resting-state blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging analysis.

Lower extremity nerve transposition repair has become an important treatment strategy for peripheral nerve injury; however, brain changes caused by this surgical procedure remain unclear. In this study, the distal stump of the right sciatic nerve in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury was connected to the proximal end of the left sciatic nerve using a chitin conduit. Neuroelectrophysiological test showed that the right lower limb displayed nerve conduction, and the structure of myelinated nerve fibers recovered greatly.

Changes in proteins related to early nerve repair in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury.

Peripheral nerves have a limited capacity for self-repair and those that are severely damaged or have significant defects are challenging to repair. Investigating the pathophysiology of peripheral nerve repair is important for the clinical treatment of peripheral nerve repair and regeneration. In this study, rat models of right sciatic nerve injury were established by a clamping method.

Intraoperative single administration of neutrophil peptide 1 accelerates the early functional recovery of peripheral nerves after crush injury.

Neutrophil peptide 1 belongs to a family of peptides involved in innate immunity. Continuous intramuscular injection of neutrophil peptide 1 can promote the regeneration of peripheral nerves, but clinical application in this manner is not convenient. To this end, the effects of a single intraoperative administration of neutrophil peptide 1 on peripheral nerve regeneration were experimentally observed.

Synovial sarcoma in the plantar region: A case report and literature review.

Background: Synovial sarcoma (SS), a rare malignant soft tissue tumor whose histological origin is still unknown, often occurs in limbs in young people and is easily misdiagnosed.

Case Summary: We report a 24-year-old man who sought treatment for plantar pain thought to be caused by a foot injury that occurred 4 years prior. Currently, he had been seen at another hospital for a 1-wk history of unexplained pain in the left plantar region and was treated with acupuncture, a kind of therapy of Chinese medicine, which partly relieved the pain.

Repair of peripheral nerve defects by nerve transposition using small gap bio-sleeve suture with different inner diameters at both ends.

During peripheral nerve transposition repair, if the diameter difference between transposed nerves is large or multiple distal nerves must be repaired at the same time, traditional epineurial neurorrhaphy has the problem of high tension at the suture site, which may even lead to the failure of nerve suture. We investigated whether a small gap bio-sleeve suture with different inner diameters at both ends can be used to repair a 2-mm tibial nerve defect by proximal transposition of the common peroneal nerve in rats and compared the results with the repair seen after epineurial neurorrhaphy. Three months after surgery, neurological function, nerve regeneration, and recovery of nerve innervation muscle were assessed using the tibial nerve function index, neuroelectrophysiological testing, muscle biomechanics and wet weight measurement, osmic acid staining, and hematoxylin-eosin staining.

Reinnervation of spinal cord anterior horn cells after median nerve repair using transposition with other nerves.

Our previous studies have confirmed that during nerve transposition repair to injured peripheral nerves, the regenerated nerve fibers of motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord can effectively repair distal nerve and target muscle tissue and restore muscle motor function. To observe the effect of nerve regeneration and motor function recovery after several types of nerve transposition for median nerve defect (2 mm), 30 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, epineurial neurorrhaphy group, musculocutaneous nerve transposition group, medial pectoral nerve transposition group, and radial nerve muscular branch transposition group. Three months after nerve repair, the wrist flexion test was used to evaluate the recovery of wrist flexion after regeneration of median nerve in the affected limbs of rats.