Backstepping-Based Fuzzy Adaptive Stabilization of Reaction-Diffusion Equation With State Constraints.

This article proposes a stabilization scheme for a cascaded parabolic partial differential equation (PDE)-ordinary differential equation (ODE) system with state constraints. To begin, by employing the fuzzy-logic system (FLS) technique for the unknown nonlinear functions in the ODE subsystem, the influence of the nonlinearities is successfully eliminated. Then, the infinite and finite-dimensional backstepping methods are skillfully applied to the design of control schemes.

Nussbaum-Based Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Control for Nonlinear CPSs With Deception Attacks: A New Coordinate Transformation Technology.

In this article, two novel adaptive fault-tolerant control schemes for a class of nonlinear strict-feedback cyber-physical systems (CPSs) with deception attacks are presented. Deception attacks, such as false data-injection attacks, which destroy sensor networks, make the outputs and states of the CPSs unavailable. It is very difficult and challenging for a designer to achieve the tracking control under the circumstance of cyberattacks.

Event-Triggered Adaptive Fuzzy Asymptotic Tracking Control of Nonlinear Pure-Feedback Systems With Prescribed Performance.

This article considers the problem of fixed-time prescribed event-triggered adaptive asymptotic tracking control for nonlinear pure-feedback systems with uncertain disturbances. The fuzzy-logic system (FLS) is introduced to deal with the unknown nonlinear functions in the system. By constructing a new type of Lyapunov function, the restrictive requirement that the upper bounds of the partial derivative of the unknown system functions need to be known is relaxed during the controller design process.

Adaptive NN-Based Event-Triggered Containment Control for Unknown Nonlinear Networked Systems.

This article systematically addresses the distributed event-triggered containment control issues for multiagent systems subjected to unknown nonlinearities and external disturbances over a directed communication topology. Novel composite distributed adaptive neural network (NN) event-triggering conditions and event-triggered controller are raised meanwhile. Furthermore, the designed event-triggered controller is updated in an aperiodic way at the moment of event sampling, which saves the computation, resources, and transmission load.

Event-Triggered Adaptive Neural Control for Fractional-Order Nonlinear Systems Based on Finite-Time Scheme.

This article addresses the finite-time event-triggered adaptive neural control for fractional-order nonlinear systems. Based on the backstepping technique, a novel adaptive event-triggered control scheme is proposed, and finite-time stability criteria are introduced with the aim to ensure that the tracking error enters into a small region around the origin in finite time. Finally, the stability of the closed-loop system is ensured via a fractional Lyapunov function theory and two simulation examples were used to prove the validity of the designed control scheme.

Event-Based Design of Finite-Time Adaptive Control of Uncertain Nonlinear Systems.

The problem of finite-time adaptive tracking control against event-trigger error is investigated in this article for a type of uncertain nonlinear systems. By fusing the techniques of command filter backstepping technical and event-triggered control (ETC), an adaptive event-triggered design method is proposed to construct the controller, under which the effect of event-triggered error can be compensated completely. Moreover, the proposed controller can increase robustness against uncertainties and event error in the backstepping design framework.

Event-Triggered Fuzzy Adaptive Fixed-Time Tracking Control for Nonlinear Systems.

In this article, the problem of event-based adaptive fuzzy fixed-time tracking control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with unknown virtual control coefficients (UVCCs) is considered. The unknown nonlinear functions of the considered systems are approximated by fuzzy-logic systems (FLSs). Moreover, a novel Lyapunov function is designed to remove the requirement of lower bounds of the UVCC in control laws.

A Bound Estimation Approach for Adaptive Fuzzy Asymptotic Tracking of Uncertain Stochastic Nonlinear Systems.

The adaptive fuzzy tracking control problems for a class of uncertain stochastic nonlinear systems are investigated in this article using the backstepping control approach. Different from the existing research, the crucial but highly restrictive hypothesis on the prior knowledge of unknown virtual control coefficients (UVCCs) is removed from this article. An asymptotic tracking control scheme is proposed by applying smooth functions and a bounded estimation method.

Adaptive Fuzzy Asymptotic Tracking for Nonlinear Systems With Nonstrict-Feedback Structure.

In this article, the tracking control problems of the nonlinear nonstrict-feedback systems are considered. By combining the backstepping technique and bound estimation method, a novel nonlinear adaptive asymptotical control law is proposed, which offsets the effect of the unknown virtual control parameters and the uncertain nonlinearities. Correspondingly, an improved Lyapunov function by introducing the lower bounds of control parameters has been devised in this article.

Observer-Based Adaptive Fuzzy Decentralized Event-Triggered Control of Interconnected Nonlinear System.

This paper addresses the decentralized output feedback problem of an interconnected nonlinear system subject to uncertain interactions. A decentralized event-triggered control scheme is presented so that the decentralized output feedback problem is solved with only event-sampling states. With the proposed triggering mechanism, each subsystem only uses local signals to construct the decentralized controller at its own triggering times or the switching times.

Event-Based Adaptive NN Tracking Control of Nonlinear Discrete-Time Systems.

This paper is concerned with the simultaneous design of a neural network (NN)-based adaptive control law and an event-triggering condition for a class of strict feedback nonlinear discrete-time systems. The stability and tracking performance of the closed-loop network control system under the event-triggering strategy is formally proven based on the Lyapunov theory in a hybrid framework. The proposed Lyapunov formulation yields an event-triggered algorithm to update the control input and NN weights based on conditions involving the closed-loop state.

Hypoxia preconditioning protects Ca-ATPase activation of intestinal mucosal cells against R/I injury in a rat liver transplantation model.

Aim: To investigate the effect of ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury on the Ca-ATPase activation in the intestinal tissue of a rat autologous orthotopic liver transplantation model and to determine if hypoxia preconditioning (HP) therapy induces HIF-1α to protect rat intestinal tissue against I/R injury.

Methods: Rats received non-lethal hypoxic preconditioning therapy to induce HIF-1α expression. We used an autologous orthotopic liver transplantation model to imitate the I/R injury in intestinal tissue.

[Nondestructive Measurement of RDX Grain’s Internal Pressure by Using Raman Spectrum Method].

RDX is a most widely used military explosive. As the development of new warheads, there are more and more applications of RDX with abnormal grain shapes. To ensure the operational effectiveness of the new warheads, it is necessary to find an on-line nondestructive methods that can measure the RDX grain’s internal pressure.

Association between CD14 SNP -159 C/T and gastric cancer: an independent case-control study and an updated meta-analysis.

Purpose: The association between CD14 -159C/T polymorphism and the susceptibility to gastric cancer (GC) has been reported. However, the results were inconclusive. In the present study, a case-control study and a meta-analysis were performed to assess the possible association between -159C/T in the CD14 gene and GC risk.

Management of acute perioperative myocardial infarction: a case report of concomitant acute myocardial infarction and tumor bleeding in the transverse colon.

Acute myocardial infarction complicated by bleeding colon tumor is problematic with regard to management, and appropriate balance of antiplatelet or anticoagulation therapy and hemostasis or surgery is crucial for effective treatment. Here, we present a case of concomitant acute myocardial infarction and bleeding tumor in the transverse colon, and share our experience of successfully balancing anticoagulation therapy and hemostasis.

[Improved synthesis process of diethyl N-[4-[(2,4-diaminopyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-6-yl)methylamino]benzoyl]-L-glutamate].

Objective: To establish a new approach to synthesis of diethyl N-[4-[(2,4-diaminopyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-6-yl)methylamino]benzoyl]-L-glutamate.

Methods: Target compound (5) was synthesized by the use of (2,4-dioxo-tetrahydropyridopyrimidin-6-yl)methyl acetate (1) as starting material via hydrolysis, chlorination, condensation with diethyl (p-aminobenzoyl)glutamate and aminolysis.

Results: A new approach to synthesis of diethyl N-[4-[(2,4-diaminopyrido[3,2-d]pyrimidin-6-yl)methylamino]benzoyl]-L-glutamate was established.

Regulation of RAGE splicing by hnRNP A1 and Tra2β-1 and its potential role in AD pathogenesis.

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) gene expresses two major alternative splicing isoforms, full-length membrane-bound RAGE (mRAGE) and secretory RAGE (esRAGE). Both isoforms play important roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, either via interaction of mRAGE with β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) or inhibition of the mRAGE-activated signaling pathway. In the present study, we showed that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) and Transformer2β-1 (Tra2β-1) were involved in the alternative splicing of mRAGE and esRAGE.